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Methods of analysing multivariate contingency tables
Šulc, Zdeněk ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Coufalová, Petra (referee)
This thesis occupies with a relationship of two significant methods of analyzing multivariate contingency tables, namely correspondence analysis and loglinear models. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first one is dedicated to basic terms of categorical data analysis, mainly to contingency tables and their distributions. Primarily, the emphasis is placed on their multidimensional form. The second part presents tools and techniques of both methods in a scope needed for their practical use and interpretation of their results. A practical application of both methods is included in the third part which is presented on the data from a market research. This part describes settings for both analyses in a statistical software SPSS and the subsequent interpretation of their outputs. A comparison of analyzed methods in terms of their use can be found in the conclusion.
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Statistical inference for categorical data analysis
Kocáb, Jan ; Pecáková, Iva (advisor) ; Coufalová, Petra (referee)
This thesis introduces statistical methods for categorical data. These methods are especially used in social sciences such as sociology, psychology and political science, but their importance has increased also in medical and technical sciences. In the first part there is mentioned statistical inference for a proportion. Here is written about classical, exact and Bayesian methods for estimating and hypothesis testing. If we have a large sample then we can approximate exact distribution by normal distribution but if we have a small sample cannot use this approximation and it is necessary to use discrete distribution which makes inference more complicated. The second part deals with two categorical variables analysis in contingency tables. Here are explained measures of association for 2 x 2 contingency tables such as difference of proportion and odds ratio and also presented how we can test independence in the case of large sample and small one. If we have small sample we are not allowed to use classical chi-squared tests and it is necessary to use alternative methods. This part contains variety of exact tests of independence and Bayesian approach for the 2 x 2 table too. In the end of this part there is written about a table for two dependent samples and we are interested whether two variables give identical results which occurs when marginal proportions are equal. In the last part there are methods used on data and discussed results.
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Investigation of dependence of the housing characteristics and the amenities in the dwelling on the household type
Čapková, Kateřina ; Řezanková, Hana (advisor) ; Löster, Tomáš (referee)
The aim of the diploma thesis is to provide a comprehensive overview regarding survey of income and living conditions of households in the Czech Republic and propose a feasible approach to the exploitation of the collected data. The diploma thesis describes the framework of the EU-SILC survey and presents its practical implementation in the Czech Republic. A technique utilizing contingency table analysis is proposed for studying asymmetric relationships between selected housing characteristics and amenities in the dwelling with respect to different household types. The analysis is based on the relative frequencies of housing characteristics observed for particular types of households. The frequencies stem from the sample survey of income and living conditions of households carried out in the Czech Republic under the official title of Living Conditions 2008. Asymmetric measures of association for nominal and ordinal variables were used for the description of the relationships as the examined housing characteristics and household types have the character of alternative, nominal or ordinal variables. The analyses show significant relationship of the selected housing characteristics and the amenities in the dwelling on the monitored types of households.
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Use of statistical methods in researching socio-economic potential of selected microregion of South Bohemia
HLAVSOVÁ, Veronika
In this work, I looked at the use of statistical methods in researching of socio-economic potential of microregion of Prachatice. I made a several researches, such as detecting the file structure according to various indicators, researching of socio-economic conditions, associations between selected indicators, comparison of views of citizens and council of villages, ascertainment sources of funding of villages and analysis of sustainable life in the villages. Research data was analysed by percent occurrences, kontingent tables and Cluster analysis. I was success at evidence of mutual association between majority of selected characters. I also was concerned with researching contentment with services of villages, opinion on the reasons of economic weakness of villages, token of economic weakness of villages and possibilities for improvement of life in villages. In these researching, I have decided to compare the opinion of citizens and council of villages. In option of citizens and council of villages, I also interested on option for economic weakness of villages. The majority of citizens and council of villages perceive the village in whole or in part as the economically weak. Citizens and council of villages are mostly satisfied with quality of services of villages. Citizens not even council of villages do not perceive causes and tokens of economic weakness of villages as strong causes and tokens, except the low portion of university educated people, who perceive as strong reason of economic weakness of villages council of villages. For the greatest possibility of improving life in villages is strengthen of services and tourism. By examining views of citizens and council of villages for improve life in the villages separately according to view of citizens is greatest possibility strengthen of tourism and according to view of council of villages is greatest possibility strengthen of trading.
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Collection of solved tasks in statistics
JÁNA, Martin
The purpose of the bachelor thesis was to compose a collection of solved and non-solved statistical problems. The problems are related to chosen parametric (student's t-tests) and non-parametric tests (Wilcoxon's tests). Besides, it focuses on an analysis of simple sorting variance, Kruskal-Wallis test, Friedman test and on a tests taken inclusive the pivot tables.
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Students results in statistics
Knapová, Petra ; Malá, Ivana (advisor) ; Novák, Ilja (referee)
The main aim of my thesis is to compare results of different groups of students who took part in the statistic course on VŠE. The thesis is dividend into two parts. The first part is focused on theoretical solution of used data comparison. The second part is practical and it is focused on results comparison from different angles with descriptive statistics and some statisistics tests. The results from partial comparison of data from different points of view are summarized at the end of the thesis.
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Kontingenční tabulky a jejich využití ve výzkumu
Huřťák, Ladislav ; Hebák, Petr (advisor) ; Průša, Milan (referee)
Diplomová práce se zabývá kontingenčními tabulkami a jejich využitím v sociologických a marketingových výzkumech. Nejprve je stručně zmíněna historie a současnost těchto výzkumů. Poté jsou představeny typy proměnných. Dále jsou popsány problémy spojené s kategorizací dat a následně je pozornost věnována prezentaci a analýze kategoriálních dat. Jsou zmíněny nejčastěji používané testy nezávislosti a míry závislosti. S pomocí čtyřpolní tabulky jsou ukázány různé přístupy k statistické indukci - je porovnán bayesovský a klasický způsob uvažovaní. Jedna z kapitol je věnována korespondenční analýze. Aplikační část diplomové práce tvoří sociologická analýza pracovní orientace občanů USA. Data byla získána při General Social Survey 2006. Jsou zkoumány faktory ovlivňující motivaci k práci. Studie má dvě hlavní témata. Udržení osvědčených zaměstnanců ve firmě a závislost ročního příjmu na dosaženém stupni vzdělání.
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Klasifikace poslanců podle hlasování k jednotlivých zákonům
Chytka, David ; Vrabec, Michal (advisor) ; Řezanková, Hana (referee)
Tato bakalářská práce nabízí analýzu srovnání hlasování stran jako celků nebo jednotlivých poslanců. Analýza je zaměřena na zkoumání těsnosti hlasování pomocí měr kontingence. Klade si za cíl nalézt odpovědi na vyřčené hypotézy. Nejprve zkoumá jednotnost stran při hlasování, poté loajalitu poslanců a na závěr jednotlivé párové shody stran při hlasování, ať už v rámci koalice nebo celkově.
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