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The European Union and gender inequality in the labour market
Košťálová, Bára ; Váška, Jan (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
Equality between men and women is one of the fundamental social issues addressed by states and organisations around the world, including the European Union. This bachelor thesis deals with the issue of gender equality in the labour market within the European Union and its legislation. Specifically, it works with binding and non-binding European Union legislation on this topic and describes its transposition in selected member states. This thesis first introduces key concepts such as gender and gender inequality within the work environment or the gender pay gap. Subsequently, the basic forms of European law are presented, as well as how it specifically addresses gender equality issues and what developments European legislation in this area has undergone. The thesis then outlines the binding and non-binding European legal acts that relate to this area and then assesses the adoption of this legislation in selected member states (Belgium, Czech Republic, Spain, Sweden) using the example of Directive (EU) 2019/1158 of the European Parliament and of the Council of 20 June 2019 on work-life balance for parents and carers and repealing Council Directive 2010/18/EU. The paper interprets these data and places them in the context of European gender equality legislation.
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Economic Transformation and Inequality: Czech Republic, 1978-2016
Bernard, Adam ; Šedivý, Marek (advisor) ; Cahlík, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis is primarily focused on the analysis and description of the de- velopment of the gender wage gap in the Czech Republic before and after the Czech economic transformation. We studied and adjusted the datasets at the household level from two different sources Czech Social Science Data Archive (CSSDA) and Luxembourg Income Study Database (LIS) to ensure compati- ble results that are comparable for each year. Using the method of ordinary least squares regression we aimed to calculate the adjusted gender wage gap and compare the development of wage influencing factors. As a result of the study we found out that the gender wage gap follows a U-shaped trend with differences between male and female wages being 28% in 1978, then reaching 18% in 2004 and further declining to 23.3% in 2016. We observed a significant increase in marginal returns to tertiary education before and after the trans- formation. When comparing separate male and female population predictors, we observe opposite returns to having children and being married, positive for men and negative for women throughout the observed period. The contribution of this research lies mainly in providing comparable figures for all the observed years and may help us better understand the underwent changes concerning wage inequality. 1
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Determinants of wages
Kroupa, Jan ; Šolc, Jan (advisor) ; Vančura, Matěj (referee)
The thesis shows how human capital is an important part of wage and how other characteristics (individual or corporate) affect wage level. First of all, the theory of human capital and investments in specific or general training are described and it is shown how these investments affect the income distribution during life. The main part of human capital is education so the thesis presents some methods how to measure the return on investment in education (full method or Mincerian equation). Gender pay gap is still an issue. Part of the difference in earnings between men and women can be explained by different characteristics but the other part originates in discrimination or sectoral segregation. The thesis provides decomposition of gender pay gap into three components with different cause of origin - the effect of equipment, effect of discrimination and effect of choice. After theoretical part, there is an analysis of data from the Czech Statistical Office containing values of average wages, median wages and gender pay gap. These values are analyzed in accordance to factors mentioned in theoretical part along with the question, if these factors affect wages according to assumptions. The thesis practically confirm the theory that wage rises proportionally to age, to higher education and that the...
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(Un)equal wages of women and men in a medium-size enterprise: a case study
Ninitzová, Martina ; Pavlík, Petr (advisor) ; Dvořáčková, Jana (referee)
The central theme of the diploma thesis is the unequal remuneration of women in the labor market. The aim is to identify the factors influencing the emergence of pay inequalities between women and men. The work is a theoretical framework that seeks to explain and critically approach the factors influencing the gender pay gap. Practical research consists of two parts. First, I present an empirical investigation of the Logib analytical tool in a selected company. At the same time, through interviews with the management of the surveyed company, the setting of remuneration in the choosen company is analyzed.
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Gender pay gap v odvetví peňažníctva a poisťovníctva
Šimčová, Denisa
Šimčová, Denisa. Gender pay gap in sector of financial and insurance activities. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel University, 2017. The bachelor thesis deals with the wage differences between women and men employed in the sector of financial and insurance activities. The aim of the thesis is to determine wage differences between female and male workers in the sector of financial and insurance activities. In the theoretical part the reader is acquainted with basic terminology related to this issue. Subsequently the method of the research is explained. The practical part describes the current situation in the sector, the results of the questionnaire survey, the calculations of GPG indicator and the attitudes of workers towards gender stereotypes. In the final part the results of the thesis are summarized and solutions leading to improvement of current situation in the area of equal pay are suggested.
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Gender pay gap ve školství na Ostravsku
Doležalová, Kamila
Doležalová Kamila. Gender pay gap in education within Ostrava district. Diploma thesis. Brno : Mendel University, 2019. This diploma thesis looks into wage differences between men and women employed in sector of education within the district of the city of Ostrava. Its main objective is to determine the level of the gender pay gap in sector of education in the Ostrava district and to compare this result with the national average. The thesis also examines the factors that cause gender pay gap in this area, gender stereotypes, interpersonal relationships in the workplace and gender discrimination. In the literature research, the reader is acquainted with the basic concepts related to gender pay gap, its causes and possibilities of reduction. The field of education and the Ostrava district are characterized in the own part of the thesis, the results of questionnaire research and semi-structured interviews are presented. Based on these findings, concrete measures are proposed to remedy the situation.
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Gender structure in the labour market
SEJRKOVÁ, Eliška
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to introduce gender structure in the labour market in the context of the Czech republic. This thesis focuses on defying the concept of gender segregation in the labour market in historical context, describes the problems of so called 'gender pay gap' and gender inequality in the labour market ("male market" and "female market"). Separately there are subjects of education from the gender perspective and horizontal segregation of the labour market based on concentration men and women in particular sector. The tesis analyses particurarly statistic data of the labour market from Czech statistic bureau collection of primary data and is based on existing sociological surveys in the sphere of gender segregation in the labour market.
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