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Estimating willingness to pay for increasing probability to conceive
Kolářová, Natálie ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Šťastná, Lenka (referee)
The purpose of the thesis is to analyze preferences for increasing the probability of conceiving. Willingness to pay for increasing the probability of conceiving is estimated using the private good scenario and a new complex of vitamins and minerals as the contingent product. Specifically, we use the discrete choice experiment with three attributes: the increase in the probability of conceiving, the number of months of trying to conceive from when this probability will be increased, and the cost to be paid for this product. Data are obtained through a stated preference survey conducted in 2014 in four European countries (the Czech Republic, the United Kingdom, Italy, and the Netherlands). We estimate a mixed logit model, allowing for unobserved preference heterogeneity. We find that people are willing to pay to increase a female's probability of conceiving, and their willingness to pay is higher after 12 months of trying to conceive when one is becoming infertile. Respondents are willing to pay for increasing the chance to conceive even during the period when they are not diagnosed as infertile, i.e., from 6 months of trying to conceive, except in the Netherlands. Italians are willing to pay the most, while Dutch are willing to pay the least. By controlling for the main characteristics of...
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Population development of district towns in the South Bohemian Region
Votavová, Kateřina ; Šídlo, Luděk (advisor) ; Brázová, Kateřina (referee)
Population development of district towns in the South Bohemian Region Abstract The aim of the thesis is to analyse and describe the population development in the seven largest cities of the South Bohemia Region in the period 1997-2021. The thesis draws on individual and anonymised data to analyse the basic demographic indicators of fertility, mortality and migration. The work compares the cities with each other as well as compares the development with the national average. Among other things, the thesis examines the development documents of cities, especially their efforts to address demographic issues. Moreover, the analysis shows that most cities, with the exception of Písek, tend to lose population, but with different intensity and timing. In all cities fertility intensity and mortality evolve similarly with minimal differences. Finally, the city management is currently trying to address demographic issues in most cities. Keywords: population development, towns, fertility, mortality, migration
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Fertility of women aged 35 and over in selected European countries
Zetová, Eva-Marie ; Šťastná, Anna (advisor) ; Waldaufová, Eva (referee)
Fertility of women aged 35 and over in selected European countries ABSTRACT This bachelor's thesis deals with the issue of fertility postponement in Europe. It focuses on the fertility of woman aged 35 and over of age in the Czech Republic, the Netherlands, Spain and Norway between 2010 and 2020. It describes the postponement of fertility in a historical context, influencing factors, risks associated with women's fertility at the age of 35+, childlessness, and fertility differentiation by age. The method of analysis is fertility demographic analysis from a transversal perspective. The thesis examines fertility trends of women aged 35 and over, as well as the current similarities and differences in the fertility of older women in the studied countries. Data analysis showed that in all studied countries and years, the proportion of the fertility intensity of women aged 35 and over to the total fertility rate is increasing. Keywords: fertility, fertility postponement, late motherhood, demographic analysis
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Analysis of reproductive indicators in dairy cow breeding
KOCOUR, Daniel
The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the trends in the development of reproductive indicators in specific dairy farming and to define the possible causes of the identified problems and propose measures to eliminate or resolve them. The literature review deals with the physiology of cow fertility, synchronization of estrus, hormonal or nervous control of the sexual cycle, the effect of internal and external influences on the reproduction of dairy cows, the effect of reproduction on milk yield and the economic connections associated with the reproduction of dairy cows. The analysis was carried out in the herd of Czech spotted cattle ZD Lukavec in the district of Pelhřimov. A total of 120 dairy cows that ended lactation between January 1, 2022 and December 31, 2022 were included in the monitoring. There were 40 dairy cows in the 1st lactation, 40 dairy cows in the 2nd lactation, and 40 dairy cows in the 3rd and 3rd lactations. higher lactation. In order to evaluate the effects on reproductive indicators (interval, insemination index, length of service period and intermediate period), the data set was sorted by age at first calving, parity, calving and insemination season, milk yield at laktation peak, length of the previous calving interval, RBV of sire and inseminated bulls, occurrence of mastitis and other diseases. The best reproductive results were found in dairy cows that calved for the first time between 715 and 790 days of ageThe length of the service period was the shortest among primiparous heifers. However, the order of lactation had no significant effect on the insemination index. Cows calved in the summer months (June 21, 2021 to September 23, 2021) clearly had the worst reproduction indicators. The time of year when the 1st insemination was performed, however, did not significantly affect reproductive indicators. The length of the previous interval significantly influenced only the length of the insemination interval. Cows with the lowest daily milk yield at peak lactation had the shortest service period and intermediate period. But they also had the lowest average lactation rank. The influence of the RPH of the father on the fertility of the daughters was evident only for the length of the previous intermediate period, when the daughters of bulls with the highest RPH (?106) had the shortest intermediate period (386 days). However, reproductive indicators were significantly influenced by the RPH of the inseminated bull for its own fertility.
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Vliv potravy na vývoj chrousta maďalového (Melolontha hippocastani Fabr.)
Čech, Petr
This thesis defined impact of insect species on forest and landscape in broader context and described possible impacts of their gradations on forests in the central Europe in connection with pest species, its food preferences, overpopulation occurrence and local conditions. The research evaluated food requirements of Forest Chockchafer (Melolontha hippocastani Fabricius, 1801) and food-connected impact on fertility, food preference and caused damage. The theses also determined the influence of food (Quercus petraea (Matt.) Liebl.) treated with manganese chloride solutions in three concentrations on food consumption, time of adult activity and fertility of adult specimens of Forest Chockchafer. It was necessary to use laboratory breeding to get desired data. After feeding on the oak, the Forest Chockchafer was in the best condition in terms of monitored parameters and the ability of survival on pine blossoms was proven. Reaction of Forest Chockchafer on increased amount of manganese was negative and manganese had also influence on its activity, ecology and physiology. Despite its defence mechanisms - excretion of manganese (up to 24 110 mg.kg-1) in the material of excrement and integration to its own body parts not participating on its physiology processes (up to 430 mg.kg-1) - impact on Forest Chockchafer adults was shown by shorter feeding period (by eight and a half day for female specimens), decreased food intake (down to one fifth) and reduced fertility. While in the case of treatment T1 the fertility was reduced down to one fourth, with manganese concentration in the diet 17 700 mg.kg-1 (treatment T3) female specimens were not able to lay eggs at all. The toxicity limit for Forest Chockchafer was exceeded and female fertility was reduced.
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Zhodnocení reprodukce u vybraných plemen králíků
Vaňkátová, Eliška
The bachelor's thesis entitled „Evaluation of the reproduction of selected breeds of rabbits“ deals with the reproductive indicators of rabbits. In the literary review, description of the origin, domestication, significance, biological characteristics and reproduction of the domestic rabbit were described. In the practical part of the work were described two selected breeds of rabbits, namely the breeds Vienna Blue and Burgundy. Their reproductive properties were evaluated and then compared with each other. The results showed that the reproductive characteristics do not differ much between the selected breeds.
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Effects of hormonal contraceptives on women's health and fertility
HAVLUJOVÁ, Anna
The bachelor thesis Effect of hormonal contraception on women's health and fertility is dealing with women's knowledge about hormonal contraception, about its effects and its risks and at the same time finds out, from where women take information about hormonal contraception most often. Thesis is divided to theoretical and practical part. In theoretical part is described a history of contraception, phase of the hormonal cycle, which is related to the usage of hormonal contraception and different kinds of contraception including description of advantages and disadvantages based on each types. The individual types of non-hormonal and hormonal contraceptions are described here including their benefits and risks based on their usage. At the end of the theoretical part is added a chapter on the education of women about hormonal contraception by midwives. In the practical part is qualitative research, which consisted from 12 interviews. There is described woman's awareness about benefits and risks, which usage of hormonal contraception represents. Research finds out sources, from which women most often derive their information about homornal contraception. The main point of the thesis is to find out woman's awareness about benefits and risks connected with usage of hormonal contraception, which can affect their health, but also can have negative impact on fertility. The results of research pointed out an insufficient awareness about function of hormonal contraception and poor knowledge in the area of using hormonal contraception. Only two women were able to state serious risk of thrombosis occurence. The knowledge about hormonal contraception were basic and disparate. Women don't use all of available sources of informations. They usually rely on informations from their gynecologist and from closest surroundings. Superficial knowledge is enough for most, but they do not deal with them more in depth. It is necessary to focus more on education on this topic in order for women to not look only on the benefits, but to mainly think about risks, which, hormonal contraception represents and may affect their planned pregnancy in the future. It would be appropriate to focus on women education already in the schools and later in gynecologist's office, where they could apply and pass on their knowledge of a midwife.
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Vliv tepelného stresu na výkonnost a zdraví dojnic
OBERMAJEROVÁ, Barbora
Heat stress is one of the main problems that affects the performance and health of dairy cattle almost all over the world and causes major economic losses. The aim of the diploma thesis was to evaluate the effect of possible heat stress on the monito-red indicators in a particular dairy farm on the basis of changes in indicators of milk yield, reproduction and health during periods with increased air temperature. Monitoring took place between 2020 and 2021 in the herd of Holstein dairy cows with an average number of 520 cows. Data on performance, reproduction and health status of dairy cows were obtained from the farm management computer program Farmsoft Management. Air temperature records from the database of the Czech Hydrometeorological Institute. The effect of the month of the year on the average daily milk yield, cows conception and frequency of mastitis was assessed. The rela-tionship between the average daily and maximum daily air temperature and the average daily milk yield of cows in the summer months was monitored in more detail. The course of the curves of the measured values of the monitored indicators during the summer months (June to July) did not clearly show a negative relationship between the air temperature and the milk yield. A statistically significant correlation (P <0.0001) was found between the average daily air temperature and the daily milk content throughout the year at the level of r = 0.245. However, the dependence of milk yield on air temperature has not been clearly demonstrated within individual annual quarters or during the summer months. In several cases, the milk yield decreased for several days only after prolonged temperatures well above 25 ° C. From the results obtained during the observed period, the effect of elevated temperature on the deterioration of the production and reproductive performance of dairy cows and on the deterioration of their health status was not unequivocally confirmed in the monitored herd.
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Hodnocení plodnosti hřebců a klisen v podmínkách přirozené plemenitby
ZOUBKOVÁ, Lucie
The bachelor's thesis "The Evaluation of fertility in natural service stallions and mares" focuses on the fertility of natural service stallions and mares and the results of breeding thoroughbred horses in the reference period. It analyses all forms of natural service that can be used in the horse breeding, the reproduction of wild horses, advantages and disadvantages of this method and its use in the Czech Republic. The study describes sexual behaviour of horses that is supressed by the modern methods of reproduction, unlike natural service.
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