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Význam ekotonálních společenstev les-bezlesí a jejich charakteristik pro složení ornitofauny
Svoboda, Petr
Ecotonal communities are a specific habitat for a number of different organisms. This bachelor's thesis examines and compares the composition of bird nesting communities in forest-non-forest ecotonal communities and in adjacent forest-no-forest biotopes. Bird community research was carried out in 2021 used three terms of bird censuses at 90 points systematically distributed in 30 selected locations representing the forest-no-forest ecotone with different characteristics. A total of 54 bird species were recorded, 39 species in forest habitats, 3 in forestless habitats and 37 in the forest-forestless ecotone. The most abundant species were the Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita Vieillot, 1817), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758) and the Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla Linnaeus, 1758). The species composition and diversity of the bird communities differed significantly between the monitored biotopes, with the forestless communities being significantly poorer than the forest and ecotone communities. The bird community of the ecotone was made up of a combination of forest and non-forest species, but it also hosted species specific to the ecotone, such as the Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758), Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis Linnaeus, 1758) and the Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis Linnaeus, 1758). The proportion of the forest edge with shrubs was confirmed as the most significant characteristic of the forest-no-forest ecotone with a significant influence on the composition of bird communities, where eight species were confirmed to prefer locations with a higher proportion of shrubs along the forest edge and only two species preferred the ecotone with a minimum of shrubs.
Relating to another person in the ethics of E. Levinas
VOLFOVÁ, Adéla
The thesis is theoretically arranged and comprises two main chapters. It deals with an ethical concept of the relationship towards the Other person that is represented by a French philosopher of 20th century Emmanuel Levinas. The relationship between the Self and the Other is developed, in which the other person is always the primordial centre of my interest. The primary feature of Levinas´ ethics is to show it like the first philosophy. It is particular for him to understand metaphysics in a purely ethical concept. At Levinas, there is an event of a turn in ethics, when the current ontology, which is focused on a theoretical knowledge, is substituted by metaphysics. Morality is acknowledged as an essence of ethical relationship with the other person. This interpersonal relationship is always an asymmetric relationship and fundamentally ethical. Levinas´ ethics is the ethics of responsibility for the Other, in which is possible to approach the Other. The ethics deals with a concept of transcendence, Infinity, exteriority and interiority.
Empathy in the Context of Edith Stein´s Philosophy
ŠTORKÁNOVÁ, Radka
The aim of the thesis is to dive deeper into the early philosophical work of Edith Stein, especially with regard to her dissertation thesis On the Problem of Empathy. She defended it in 1916 before Edmund Husserl and its main contribution is to open the question of the possibility of mediating the knowledge of the world among subjects. In her first work, Stein focuses on the act of empathy itself, on the constitution of a psychophysical individual, and she asks about their conditions and possibilities of empathy and our own self-concept. This thesis will follow the line of her thinking in detail and it will try to grasp her contribution (comprehensively and in context) to topics such as intersubjectivity and constitution of our self and experience, on the border of the phenomenological method. The affiliated issues, including those related to empathy, will not be left aside either.
Breeding of invertebrates and their use in school teaching
Farionová, Jana ; Hanel, Lubomír (advisor) ; Říhová, Dagmar (referee)
The submitted Bachelor thesis has a retrieval character. It focuses on general characteristic of the selected groups of the Invertebrates and also on its breeding, which is suitable for home and school environment. The handled topic relates to my subject of study, it includes the guide, the possibilities of breeding of the Invertebrates and the selected species. It can be used by the teachers, but also pupils and students of Biology. Some parts are also dedicated to the basic elements to which is important to pay attention during the lessons and which can be well observed on the organism. The introduction concentrates the brief characteristic of the Invertebrates, it includes the list of used terms and it generally informs about the principles of breeding. The following chapters consist of the characteristic and breeding of the selected species, examples of the suitable variets and also the problem issues, which can appear during the breeding. With the described species we can also find the options how to use them during the education at school. Picture are attached in the thesis. KEYWORDS Invertebrates, charakteristic, breeding, species
Conception of the Other in the philosophy of Jean-Paul Sartre and Emmanuel Levinas
Tlapa, Tomáš ; Blažková, Miloslava (advisor) ; Hogenová, Anna (referee)
The aim of this diploma thesis is a philosophical interpretation of the problem of intersubjectivity in the work of Jean-Paul Sartre (1905 - 1980) and Emmanuel Levinas (1906 - 1995). In the first part, it deals with the conception of the Other in the Jean-Paul Sartre's Being and Nothingness and analyzes (after a brief introduction to Sartre's philosophy) concrete aspects of Sartre's theory of intersubjectivity. This part ends with a critique of Sartre's theory, which enable us to interpret the Levinas's theory as an alternative conception of intersubjektivity. The analysis in the second part is based on the Levinas's book Totality and infinity. The final part sums up the main differences of both conceptions. Key words: intersubjectivity, the Other, existence, freedom, ethics, Sartre, Levinas
Types of civil procedure
Chromčíková, Viktória ; Zoulík, František (advisor) ; Pohl, Tomáš (referee)
Types of civil proceedings written by Viktória Chromčíková Abstract This thesis deals with kinds of civil proceedings which have developed for protection of rights in private law sphere. Courts are the authorities that provide protection for rights. In civil proceeding they judge disputes in private law and other issues provided by special acts. There are several kinds of civil proceedings that have developed in time. The history of civil proceeding is described in the first chapter of this work. In the other chapters there are particular kinds of civil proceedings existing according to the present Czech law analyzed. Adversary proceedings resolve the usual dispute of two parties which obtains all that it takes - proceeding is initiated by a petition against a certain person. There must be a hearing held in the case where the both parties are heard (they have the same opportunity). Opposite to this procedure there are proceedings where there is no dispute in the case, but the decision of a court is obliged according to a special act. There is a special public interest on this judgment (decision). Therefore this kind of proceeding can be initiated in official duty and principle of investigation is applied. Execution is initiated only in private interest and is complied with different principles than the...
Body of the other. The erotics as learning content in Art education
Ondřichová, Petra ; Jakubcová Hajdušková, Lucie (advisor) ; Kornatovský, Jiří (referee)
The thesis titled "The body of the other. The erotics as learning content in Art education." have character of an exploration probe. It focuses on erotism in environment of educational institutions. This work deals with the body and its erotic contents in art education. It seeks to clarify the concept of erotica. This work seeks various overhangs of erotica into philosophy, advertising, school, personal and public life. This thesis is linked to the teaching of erotic theme and with the issues of integration of eroticism in lessons of art education. The aim is to determine how are the children / students on this topic sensitive. All the text is supplemented by authentic testimonies of students, teachers and parents related to the topic of erotica in school.
Dynamics of Everyday Life in Dialogue with Emmanuel Lévinas
Jandová, Tereza ; Sokol, Jan (advisor) ; Bierhanzl, Jan (referee) ; Novotný, Karel (referee)
The main objective of this research is to look at the topic of everyday life from a dynamic perspective. The definition of everyday life that this thesis stands upon, i.e. the presence of a subject in the world with the other(s) outlines also two main sources of its dynamics: the world and the other. The essential aim of this thesis is to show that the different attitudes towards the world and the other in the works of Husserl and Lévinas consequently influence the understanding of the everyday life as such, as well as the requirements it imposes upon the subject. The chapter dedicated to Husserl presents his concept of the world as a horizon, the irreplaceable position of perception in our access to the world and the creation of the other within the subject itself. On the contrary, Lévinas stresses the separation of the subject and he understands the world and the other as inherently belonging to this never-ending process. The motive of dependence and responsibility of the subject for the other belongs to the most significant differences between the two philosophers. Whereas Husserl proposes us a subject in the world which he accesses via perception and in which he encounters the other, Lévinas shows us subject that is born to the pre-reflexive and intersubjective world from which he first has to...
Emmanuel Levinas on human freedom and relation to the other
Hreško, Ján ; Pelcová, Naděžda (advisor) ; Sokol, Jan (referee) ; Vogel, Jiří (referee)
Emmanuel Levinas on human freedom and relation to the other Ján Hreško ABSTRACT This dissertation deals with the philosophical problem of human freedom from an intersubjective and ethical point of view. It interprets and elaborates Emmanuel Levinas' understanding of freedom and shows that he paid considerable attention to this issue in his works. The thesis is based primarily on the formulation of this problem in his main post-war works but makes its thematic elaboration. It shows what role freedom plays within his ethics and its key ideas. The research follows the constitution of freedom of the corporal and economic being. It explains the criticism of freedom, the argument of justifying freedom and finally its investiture. Separately it focuses on the question of human position in history. Finally, it clarifies Levinas' main claim that responsibility precedes freedom. At the same time, it asks: In what sense did Levinas understand the ambiguous concept of freedom? Are there more notions of freedom? What is the relationship between my freedom and the freedom of the other? What does it mean that acceptance of ethical demand does not depend on my will or choice? And what is the positive significance of responsibility for the other? The main thesis of this work can be expressed as follows: according to...

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