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Three essays in energy and environmental economics
Rečka, Lukáš ; Ščasný, Milan (advisor) ; Knápek, Jaroslav (referee) ; Van Koten, Silvester (referee) ; Muchapondwa, Edwin (referee)
Three Essays in Energy and Environmental Economics Author: Mgr. Lukáš Rečka Supervisor: Mgr. Milan Ščasný, Ph.D. Academic Year: 2018/2019 Abstract This thesis consists of three articles that share the main theme - energy and environment. The dissertation aims mainly at the Czech energy system and analyses it development after the Velvet Revolution and its possible future development. The first article applies Logarithmic Mean Divisia Index decomposition to analyses the main driving forces of significant reduction in air quality pollutants during the transition of the Czech economy towards market economy in the 1990s. It continues then to investigate how the driving forces affected the emissions volumes during succeeding the post-transition period up to 2016. The second article reacts on the 2015 governmental decision to lift brown coal mining limits in the North Bohemia coal basin. The paper analyses the impacts of maintaining the ban on mining coal reserves and compares them with three alternative options that would each weaken the environmental protections of the ban. The impacts of each of these alternative governmental propostions are analysed on the Czech energy system, the fuel- and the technology-mix, the costs of generating energy, related emissions and external costs associated with the emissions....
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Verification And Adjustment Of Hf-Ecg
Preprocessing In Experimental Cardiology
Novotna, Petra
The aim of this article is to propose an approach to High-Frequency ECG (HF-ECG) preprocessing with an intention to verify the settled methods of signal preprocessing in the perspective of the new requirements and possibilities in the area of signal processing. The method using Butterworth filters is often used. Nevertheless, for the presented type of analysis is not suitable. FIR filtering alongside with clustering and signal averaging were used for preprocessing of data from isolated rabbit hearts. Frequency bands for further analysis were chosen according to the estimated SNR (signal-to-noise ratio).
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Structure and function of microbial communities of montane spruce forest
Štursová, Martina ; Baldrian, Petr (advisor) ; Uhlík, Ondřej (referee) ; Slaninová Kyselková, Martina (referee)
Structure and function of soil microbial communities in montane spruce forest Martina Štursová Abstract Coniferous forests are spatially heterogeneous environments and represent an important ecosystem that acts as carbon sink under current climate storing large amounts of carbon in standing biomass or as soil organic matter. The formation of organic matter via decomposition of dead biomass and transformation of rhizodeposited organic compounds is primarily mediated by microbial community of forest topsoil. Despite growing insight into the composition of these soil communities, little is known about the microbes actually responsible for those transformation processes, about the drivers shaping these communities or their response to increasing numbers of severe disturbances. Studies presented in this thesis contribute to filling the information. The studies were carried out in unmanaged spruce forests in the highest elevations of Bohemian Forest, in both, the undisturbed areas as well as those affected by bark beetle outbreaks at different time periods. Combination of methods including culturing of fungi, enzymatic activity measurements or high throughput sequencing were used to describe the microbial communities, their distribution in space and time, and factors involved in shaping these communities in those...
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The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development
Stýblová, Julie ; Burcin, Boris (advisor) ; Kurtinová, Olga (referee)
The lowest-mortality countries: their specifics and trends of development Abstract The main objective of this work is to analyze mortality rates in the countries with the lowest mortality rates in the world between 1990 and 2013 for males and females separately. In order to assess development trends, indicators of life expectancy at birth, probability of death, which served to assess the mortality by age and using one-dimensional decomposition, the contributions of different age groups to the change in life expectancy at birth were determined. For a more detailed analysis, mortality was assessed for selected groups of death causes using standardized mortality rates and the view was complemented by a two-dimensional decomposition, which determined the contributions of age groups and major cause classes to assess how age group and cause of death has contributed to the change in life expectancy at birth. All countries have increased their life expectancy at birth and no signs of slowing are observed. The results show that each country is approaching and there are not too many differences. Selected countries have similar trends in decreasing mortality rates in older age groups and changing the order of the most important causes of death. Key words: Mortality, age and gender, causes of death, life expectancy,...
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Study of catalytic decomposition of silica
Štubian, Martin ; Kolíbal, Miroslav (referee) ; Bábor, Petr (advisor)
This thesis deals with catalytic decomposition of silica using electron microscopy and Auger spectroscopy. The thesis is primarily focused on the Au-Si phase, which is created during in the reaction. In the theoretical part, the principle of used methods is described and recherche on the catalytic decomposition of silica is presented. The practical part contains the results of the measurements and their interpretation.
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Implementation of matrix decomposition and pseudoinversion on FPGA
Röszler, Pavel ; Rajmic, Pavel (referee) ; Smékal, David (advisor)
The purpose of this thesis is to implement algorithms of matrix eigendecomposition and pseudoinverse computation on a Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) platform. Firstly, there are described matrix decomposition methods that are broadly used in mentioned algorithms. Next section is focused on the basic theory and methods of computation eigenvalues and eigenvectors as well as matrix pseudoinverse. Several examples of implementation using Matlab are attached. The Vivado High-Level Synthesis tools and libraries were used for final implementation. After the brief introduction into the FPGA fundamentals the thesis continues with a description of implemented blocks. The results of each variant were compared in terms of timing and FPGA utilization. The selected block has been validated on the development board and its arithmetic precision was analyzed.
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Utility of modern methods of assessing the financial situation of an enterprise (EVA, MVA and average cost of capital)
KOŘÁNKOVÁ, Romana
This thesis deals with evaluation of the utility of modern methods of evaluation of the financial situation of the company and their comparison with older, classic indicators. The theoretical part deals with the financial analysis of the company and the classical indicators and with the modern indicator Economic value added. This paper describes the concept of the EVA indicator and the transformation of the accounting data leading to the economic data and the items entering the calculation of the EVA are defined in detail. The practical part contains calculations of classical indicators based on the accounting data of company Kern-Liebers in years 2012-2016. The main part of this thesis deals with transformation of accounting data of the company for subsequent calculation of the EVA indicator. In addition, the EVA indicator is decomposed, the company is compared with sectoral values by using the INFA system and in the last step the results of the classical indicators with the modern EVA indicator are compared and the conclusions are interpreted.
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Differences in Oxidation Mechanism of Selected Bioflavonoids, UV-Vis and IR Spectroelectrochemical Study
Sokolová, Romana ; Fiedler, Jan ; Ramešová, Šárka ; Kocábová, Jana ; Degano, I. ; Quinto, A. ; Křen, Vladimír
The oxidation of selected bioflavonoids (quercetin, rhamnazin, fisetin, rhamnetin, taxifolin, luteolin, silybin and 2,3-dehydrosilybin) was studied by electrochemical and spectroscopic methods. The oxidation mechanism and formation of oxidation products depends on the chemical structure. Only small differences in the chemical structure of compounds with flavone, flavanone and flavonol motif result in extremely variable oxidation pathways and products. Products of oxidation and further decomposition were determined by HPLC-ESIMS/MS and HPLC-DAD.
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Infant mortality in the Czech Republic and Europe: trends and patterns
Magenheimová, Kateřina ; Rychtaříková, Jitka (advisor) ; Šídlo, Luděk (referee)
Infant mortality in the Czech Republic and Europe: trends and patterns Abstract This Master's thesis addresses the development of infant mortality in the Czech Republic between the years 1950 and 2016 using more detailed indicators of infant mortality. To evaluate the impact of infant mortality rate, on the lengthening life expectancy at birth in the Czech Republic and selected European countries, a decomposition of life tables is included. Selected European countries are then compared with the use of cluster analysis, based on infant mortality indicators and life expectancy at birth by sex. Finally, an analysis is made on the basis of infant life tables which are calculated by sex, birth weight and legitimacy for the Czech Republic. Keywords: infant mortality, Czech Republic, European countries, tables of infant mortality, sex, child-legitimacy, birth weight, decomposition, cluster analysis
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Mineralization of nutrients during the process of spruce dead wood decomposition in the mountain forest
Višňová, Anna ; Hofmeister, Jan (advisor) ; Choma, Michal (referee)
Summary: This thesis is focused on collecting information on the importance of dead wood on biogeochemical cycles of chemical elements in the mountain forest ecosystems of central Europe. The goal of this thesis was to determine the concentration of various elements(C, N, P, Ca, Mg, K, Na, Mn, Al, Fe) in the coarse woody debris of spruce samples of different age, stage of decomposition which were collected in different localities in the national park Šumava. Another goal was to determine the speed of which these elements are released from the dead wood. The information on the quantity of different elements and the speed of their release is currently lacking and could lead to better understanding of various biogeochemical cycles of elements in the mountain forest. During the decomposition the concentration of the elements N, P, Al and Fe increased whereas the Kalium concentration decreased. The other elements' (C, N, Ca, Mg, Mn) concentrations varied. Carbon constituted approximately 50% of weight in all of the samples analyzed. We carried out a laboratory experiment based on decomposition of dead wood samples in various stage of decay during a period of six months. The released concentration of CO2 was measured at two to four weeks intervals. The release of CO2 continually decreased during the experiment.....
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