|
|
Cooccurrence of Primary Prepositions in Contemporary News Texts (Corpus Survey)
Komrsková, Zuzana ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Adam, Robert (referee)
Diploma thesis is concentrated on the phenomenon called coocurance of primary prepositions. It is a construction of two prepositions directly standing next to each other, where each of them is part of another prepositional phrase. The first preposition is not directly in front of its phrases, but there is the second prepositional phrase inserted between the first preposition and its phrases. The aim of the thesis was to find these structures in the corpus SYN2009PUB, and their description of the semantic and formal aspects. Inserted phrase is in most cases syntactically incorporated into sentence, where takes the adverbial or object distinction. Comparison in length (in number of words) of inserted phrase with the phrases, which can be inserted, showed that during insertion depends on the length of the transferred phrases. The paper outlines other factors affecting coocurence, e. g. pronounceability.
|
|
|
English counterparts of Czech adverbs (expressing respect and measure)
Tomašovičová, Katarína ; Šaldová, Pavlína (advisor) ; Popelíková, Jiřina (referee)
The objective of the present thesis is to analyse divergent translation counterparts of Czech adverbs; i.e. those cases, where Czech adverbs are realised in English by other means than the corresponding word class of adverbs. The thesis focuses on the divergent counterparts of the Czech adverbs expressing respect and measure. The Theoretical part of this study presents an overview of morphology, syntax, and semantics of adverbs in both languages. The analysis of two hundred and eleven examples obtained from the Czech-English parallel corpus Intercorp is carried out in the empirical part. The divergent counterparts of six adverbs of respect and five adverbs of measure will be classified and analysed with regard to their word class, frequency, and semantics.
|
|
|
English reason clauses introduced by the conjunctions "since" and "as"
Cilcová, Klára ; Brůhová, Gabriela (advisor) ; Gráf, Tomáš (referee)
The present thesis studies English reason clauses introduced by the conjunctions since and as. English reason clauses are subsumed under the category of subordinate clauses and as such they accompany matrix clauses in the complex sentences. They can be placed in any of the positions in the sentence and serve various semantic roles and syntactic functions. The main aim of the present work is the analysis of English reason clauses introduced by the conjunctions since and as in terms of their position and the semantic relationship between them and their matrix clauses. For the purpose of the latter, also their syntactic functions are studied. Furthermore, the analysis is concerned with the factors which may be influential in the choice of the position of reason clauses. The analysis is performed on one hundred examples of English reason clauses introduced by the conjunctions since and as (50 examples introduced by since and 50 by as) that have been extracted from the works of prose by the means of the British National Corpus.
|
|
|
Choice of Mood in Spanish Grammatical Constructions Expressing Potentiality (with Reference to Czech and Italian)
Kratochvílová, Dana ; Čermák, Petr (advisor) ; Zavadil, Bohumil (referee)
in English Choice of Mood in Spanish Grammatical Constructions Expressing Potentiality (with Reference to Czech and Italian) Key words: Mood, Subjunctive, Potentiality, Corpus, Spanish, Italian, Czech The objective of this paper is to study the systemic possibilities of alternation between the subjunctive and the indicative in Spanish grammatical constructions expressing potentiality, the semantical differences this alternation brings and also the frequency these two modes appear in respective constructions. In order to achieve this objective I studied not only the specialized literature in the topic but also the language corpora. Later I compared the situation in Spanish with Italian and Czech as well. The results of my study brought me to the conclusion that it is necessary to study each expression of potentiality separately because the verbal modes do not appear equally often after these expressions. On the other hand, the use of the conjunctive in Italian is far more formalized. Czech does not posses any systemic tool that could work for the Spanish subjunctive in every context. However, its translation as the conditional or the future indicative is possible.
|
|
|
Declension of masculine nouns ending with "ambiguous" consonants in contemporary Czech
Klimtová, Barbora ; Adam, Robert (advisor) ; Bozděchová, Ivana (referee)
The thesis attemps to map the current situation of the variance process in masculines ended with epicene consonants -s and -z. Based on the description of the situation presented in language guides approximately since 1950s and with the help of Retrográdní slovník současné češtiny, the authoress compiled a list of masculines with this type of ending and afterwards she verified each noun via corpus databáze ČNK syn2010. To komplete the corpus results the authoress used the questionary survey on selected nouns. From acquired data there was set together a summary which should describe the current situation of this variance in these nouns.
|
|
|
Syntactic analysis of Czech speakers in the Romanian Banat
Vyskočilová, Karolína ; Lehečková, Eva (advisor) ; Dittmann, Robert (referee)
The purpose of this thesis is an analysis of syntactic perturbations in the oral production of Czech speakers of the Bigr village at the Banat region, Romania. In the theoretical part, this thesis describes the historical and linguistic context of the Banat's Czech villages, with special emphasis on Bigr. In the analytical part then, the thesis set out to test hypotheses based on previous research, using the BANAT language corpus created for this study. In cases where it deems possible, the results are compared to the ORAL language corpus of spoken Czech. The analysis verified the existence of certain phenomena of the Bigerian Czech (e.g. prepositional instrumental of instrument, omission of svůj pronoun), the frequency of which partly corresponds to the language situation in oral production in the Czech Republic (e.g. forward position of pronominal subject, reflexive se, si and auxiliary verb být). The presence of some other phenomena could not be verified.
|
|
|
Competing word-formation suffixes for the indication of female gender in professions
Kožuriková, Daniela ; Bozděchová, Ivana (advisor) ; Mareš, Petr (referee)
The bachelor thesis Competing word-formation suffixes for the indication of female gender in professions is devided into two parts. The first part summarizes findings provided by linguistic literature on this topic. Suffixes used most frequently are also discussed. The second part provides results of practical research during which the names of feminine professions, found in the dictionary Nová slova v češtině 1 a 2, were entered in the form of lemmas into the corpuses SYN 2000 and SYN 2005, and their frequency was investigated. In the end of the thesis there is a practical dictionary in which meanings of some lesser known proffesions designating substantives are explained.
|
|
|
The individual textual profile: a corpus-based study of idiolect
Leško, Marek ; Malá, Markéta (advisor) ; Klégr, Aleš (referee)
- EN The thesis analyzes the idiolect of the then-presidential candidate Barack Obama in the specific speech situation of the televized debates on the background of the utterances of other candidates in the years 2000, 2004 and 2008. The analysis uses corpus-driven methods to compare the Obama corpus with the reference corpus. The comparison is largely based on the analysis of keywords and their use in context, supplemented by the discussion of their collocations and associated clusters. The results of the analysis, i.e. the principal features Obama's idiolect, are presented in a structured summary, divided into specific areas. Keywords: Idiolect, individual textual profile, Obama, keywords, corpus, corpus-driven
|
|
|
Helvetisms in the Large German-Czech Academic Dictionary
Štrachová, Zuzana ; Vachková, Marie (advisor) ; Dovalil, Vít (referee)
Annotation: This thesis deals with the language situation in Switzerland with regard to the pluricentric character of the German language. The introductory chapter provides a general overview of the linguistic situation in Switzerland, whereas the following part will be related only to the conditions in the German-speaking Switzerland. Basically, there are two types of German occurring in the area, Swiss Standard German and Swiss German dialects. The thesis further examines the perception of the Swiss Standard German and the high prestige of the German Standard Variety. There will be a comprehensive breakdown of helvetisms provided in the final part of the thesis enabling the selection of a wide range of the Swiss Standard German expressions, which were subsequently transformed into dictionary entries.
|
|
|
Comparison of a traditional dictionary description and a corpus of written Czech with regard to semantic prosody
Vovchuk, Oleksandr ; Cvrček, Václav (advisor) ; Hudousková, Andrea (referee)
Czech dictionaries were created in the pre-corpus era; it is thus clear that some of their entries don't take into account semantic prosody - the fact that some lexemes occur in particular contexts (consequences are always far-reaching or catastrophic, while intention can be both evil and noble). The aim of this thesis is to compare selected parts of a dictionary (randomly selected probe into Czech adjectives) with corpus material, define the extent of missing information in the current state of Czech language description and explore, how many per cent of information about entries is missing in contemporary dictionaries. We based our research on Slovník spisovného jazyka českého (Dictionary of Written Czech) and representative corpuses of written language SYN2005, or else SYN2010. Context analysis was carried out by means of statistical methods and collocation rates. The difference between dictionary definitions and information inferred from the corpus research could become a further guideline for creating a new dictionary (besides adding a whole range of new entries that are still missing in Czech dictionaries). Keywords lexicon, corpus, semantic prosody
|
guest ::
