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Cryoconservation of fish sperm in model species - common carp (Cyprinus carpio): the influence of different temperature regimes of cryopreservation on the viability of thawed spermatozoa.
SOCHOROVÁ, Denisa
Influence of temperature and freezing rate on sperm survival after thawing were objective of this study. Motility (percentage of moving sperm), velocity and duration of sperm movement before and after process of freezing were observed in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) spermatozoa. Solutions recommended by Kopeika (1986) and Kurokura (1984) were used as a cryoprotective media. Sperm freezing was performed in 0.5 ml straws layed in styrofoam box 3, 6 and 9 cm above the level of liquid nitrogen for 20 min. Temperature changes during process of freezing were recorded inside and outside straws using thermocouple thermometer with miniature probes T type (cuprum ? constantan). At a fi rst level (corresponding to height 3 cm above level of liquid nitrogen) we recorded lowest temperature -170 °C, on a second (6 cm) -110 °C and on a third level (9 cm) -70 °C. Best results of sperm motility after freezing ? thawing were achieved using Kopeika solution and freezing at first level (3 cm above liquid nitrogen) where we reported 27 % of motile spermatozoa and velocity of movement 118 ?m.s-1. Freezing by Kurokura solution resulted in motility 14 % and velocity 76 ?m.s-1 whereas motility of native sperm was 88 % and velocity 136 ?m.s-1.
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INFLUENCE OF FEED PROCESSING TO PRODUCTION PARAMETERS IN MARKET CARP CULTURE AT TREBON FISCHERIES
HLAVÁČ, David
The aim of this study was to examine the production efficiency of processed triticale and compared to unmodified triticale during 135 day feeding experiment on ponds in the system Naděj. Dosing of feed, feeding technique and condition of the market carp in experimental ponds, the quality and quantity of natural food were observed. At the end of the experiment the main production indicators were evaluated and data were statistically evaluated. Higher production efficiency of mechanical and thermally processed cereals was not proved. The highest production efficiency was observed in variant with triticale supplementary feeding without processing (FCR ? 1.4; SGR ? 0.97 %.d-1; PER ? 6.74) and in variant with thermally processed triticale (FCR ? 1.63; SGR ? 0.88 %.d-1; PER ? 5.79). The lowest effective production was reached using grinded triticale (FCR ? 1.68; SGR ? 0.86 %.d-1; PER ? 5.62). Results were affected by different levels of quantity of zooplankton in the monitored ponds.
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Conditional indicator in breeding market carp in semi-operation experiments in fish-ponds in Třeboň
FLOKOVIČ, Ondřej
In my bachelor thesis, I dealt with supplementary feeding of common carp (Cyprinus carpio, L.) in semi-operation experiments in fish-ponds in Třeboň. For the experiment, three-year carp of the operation line scaly Třeboň carp was used. The main objective of the experiment realized by me was to compare the feed triticale in various modified forms. For extra feeding, the feed triticale was used in three modified forms (whole triticale, pressed triticale, whole triticale thermally processed at 100°C). The feeding study was realized for the assessment of conditional indicators of market carp. For the experiment, which lasted 83 days, four fish-ponds were used. 363 pieces were set per hectare of fish-pond. In the fish-pond No. 1, whole triticale was used for supplementary feeding. In the fish-pond No. 2 pressed triticale was used for supplementary feeding. In the fish-pond No. 3, whole triticale thermally processed at 100°C was used for supplementary feeding. The fish-pond No. 4 was used for control without supplementary feeding. During the experiment, control fishing was performed to measure body length, body circumference, body weight and measure fat in the fish muscle. There was a considerable difference in the final weight between the feed whole triticale thermally processed at 100°C in comparison with the control group without supplementary feeding. It was the biggest gain from all tested feed types and reached 12.061 kg. The results of all tested feed types were best for the feed whole triticale thermally processed at 100°C, which proved to be the most suitable.
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Posibilities affecting of texture of common carp(Cyprinus carpio)
JOHÁNEK, Martin
The diploma thesis deals with statistical comparison of the textural properties of common carp (Cyprinus carpio) ? (hardness, springiness, cohesiveness, chewiness) were kept during the experiment at store?ponds in Trebon. Carps in each pond were fed with triticale or modified form of triticale (not processed, pressed, crushed, not processed cooked at 120 °C and 100 °C and pressed at 120 °C) and one control pond with fish. After the experiment the fish were killed, and the recovery factor was esteblished. The fillets were obtained from samples of muscle precisely in a defined way, and property values texture by TPA (Texture profile analyst) was found. The results show that all four monitored mechanical properties of textures, reach the highest values of control (hardness: 4,756 kg, springiness: 0.689, cohesiveness: 0.788 and chewiness: 2,585 kg), and the lowest textural properties were observed in triticale, not processed, heat- prepared at 120 °C: hardness: 3,259 kg, springiness: 0.646 and chewiness: 1,579 kg, and cohesiveness was lowest in triticale not processed cooked at 120°C: 0.733. Only samples pressed at 120 °C and not processed triticale were statistically significanty different from the others in parameter of hardness. Triticale pressed at 120 °C were statisticanty different from not processed, pressed triticale and control in parameter of cohesiveness. Triticale samples pressed at 120 °C and not processed at 120 °C significantly were different from the others and triticale pressed from controlwere diferrent too. In springiness parameter, there was no statistically significant difference. Was used significancy level p=0.01.
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The Use of Mechanically Modified Cereals in Semi ? Intensive Culture of Market Carp
VODÁREK, Michal
120 day feeding experiment was executed on the Trebon fishponds in the area of feeding the market carp. The aim was to determine what way of cereals processing will have favorable effects in terms of production efficiency in the mechanical processed cereal by grinding and mashing in comparison with cereal without processing. The theoretical part focuses on the characteristics of natural food, technology feeding, feed distribution and appropriate processing to achieve high growth results in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). The practical part includes the methodology and results of the production parameters of carp fed by triticale without processing, by grinding and mashing. The highest feed efficiency was observed in carps under supplementary by triticale mashed feeding with FCR 0.83; 1.21 kg of FCE and FCR / SGR; 1.05; the highest growth rate was achieved in carp under supplementary by grinded triticale (1,2 mm) feeding with SGR: 0.86 %.d-1.; worse results were observed in carp feeding by triticale without processing: FCR: 1.27; FCE: 0.79 kg; FCR / SGR: 1.61; SGR: 0.79 %.d-1.
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Effects of triazine based pesticides on fish
MALÝ, Vratislav
Influence of triazine based pesticide (Sencor 70 WG - active substance metribuzine) was assessed via biochemical and hematological blood profile determination of experimental fish. As experimental fish we used common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) and rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ). Before rating the Sencor 70 WG pesticide influence on biochemical and hematological blood profile we accomplished a preliminary test to determine a concentration range and after that a basic acute toxicity test to determine 96hLC50 value. Both fish samples fingerlings were used for performing the tests. After 96hLC50 determination two groups of experimental fish (aged 1-2 years) were under this concentration and one control group without the substance. The test was processed according to the OECD methodology No. 203. Fish dissection was performed after the test. The increased amount of phlegm of water consistency on the body surface was found out. The fish were of dark colour in contrast with the control group. The ventricle was larger and containing transudate. An outstanding vascular profusion of internal organs in the ventricle was found out. Biochemical profile of the rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss ) experimental group under 96 hour acute operation of pesticide Sencor 70 WG (89,3mg.kg-1) proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of total proteins (TP), triglycerides (TRIG), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), amonnia (NH3), alcaline phosphatase (ALP) and Ca2+ in the blood plasma in contrast with the control group. Hematological profile of the same group proved significant lowering (p<0,05) of the number of erythrocytes (Er), haematocrit (PCV), and significant increase (p<0,05) of erythrocyte haemoglobin (MCH) value in contrast with the control group. Biochemical profile of the common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) experimental group under 96 hour acute operation of pesticide Sencor 70 WG (250,2 mg.l-1) proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of total proteins (TP), triglycerides (TRIG), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), Ca2+ and inorganic phosphate (PHOS) and significant increase (p<0,01) of glukose (GLU) and amonnia (NH3) concentration in the blood plasma in contrast with the control group. Hematological profile of the same group proved significant lowering (p<0,01) of the haematocrit (PCV), erytrocyte haemoglobin (MCH), mean erytrocyte volume (MCV) and number of leukocytes (Leuko) in contrast with the control group.
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Influence of water temperature on toxicity of free ammonia for fish and on amount of ammonia produced by fish
MECKO, Jozef
Determination of acute toxicity of free ammonia for fish in dependence on water temperature and determination of production of ammonia by fish in dependence of water temperature It was made a test of acute toxicity on akutní toxicity on Poecilia reticulata according to ČSN EN ISO 7346-2 and determination of acute lethal toxicity of substances for fish. Next was made test on excretion of ammonia by common carp in different temperatures of water. Fish were divided after a two pieces into basins.The water temperature was kept in basins on two level. Next test was realized in a similar way with a difference, that an amyloid gel with an addition of NH4Cl was aplicated by a probe to the digestive tract of fish. To control fish were aplicated the amyloid gel without an addition of NH4Cl. It was observed concetration of ammonia in water and the fish were bleeded to set haematocrit and biochemical values. On grounds of these values will be analyzed production of ammonia by one species of fish in dependence on water temperature.
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EVALUATE THE PERFORMANCE PARAMETERS OF THE BREEDS OF COMMON CARP AND ITS CROSSBREDS
KŘÍŽ, Michal
The aim of the thesis was to evaluate the performance parameters of the breeds of common carp and its crossbreds by using the top-crossing. On the maternal position the Hungarian synthetic mirror carp line (HSM) was used. On this line, males of HSM, Telč mirror carp (TeL), Northern mirror carp (M72) and Amur mirror carp (AL) were crossed and a hybrid of Ropsha carp (ROP) and Tata carp (TAT) was used as their control group. Rearing of the tested groups was monitored from larval stage until their market size in ponds with a semi-intensive way of management in three localities (2 organisations). In the first year, each tested group was bred individually with internal control group of a different scaly covering phenotype in order to correct the influence of the environment on the weight achieved. In the second and the third year, all the groups were group-labelled and bred together in triplicate (three ponds) localities. In the individual stages of testing, the weight and the survival rate were recorded. Moreover, in the market size stage the biometric measurement and slaughtering value were evaluated. In the overall assessment of the results from all the localities carried out by the ANCOVA procedure, the highest weight at the K3 age was achieved by the hybrid HSM x AL (1413 {$\pm$} 31.5 g; Last square means {$\pm$} S.E.), whose weight was statistically comparable to the other hybrids (HSM x M72 a HSM x TeL). However, it was the only noticeably higher weight in comparison with the HSM (1257 {$\pm$} 31.5 g) with its ordinary heterosis effect of growth on the level of 12.4%. During the third year of testing, the survival ranged from 69.0 % in HSM x Tel to 73.4% in HSM x AL and the values were statistically comparable. The yield parameters (the proportion of the processed body, the proportion of filets with skin and the skinless ones) were similar in all the groups. In the previous periods of testing the results reflected the situation in the market size. As a result, it is concluded that preferably the hybrid HSM x AL could be exploitable in commercial breeding.
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Spatio-temporal distribution of catches, growth and length-weight relationship of tagged common carp (Cyprinus carpio) in the fishing ground MRS Dyje 5, Novomlýnská reservoir, and in the related fishing grounds
Prokeš, Miroslav ; Baruš, Vlastimil ; Mareš, J. ; Habán, V. ; Peňáz, Milan
On the basis of spatio-temporal analyses of recaptured tagged common carp, the local movements (migrations), growth and length-weight parameters were monitored in the Novomlýnská reservoir. Generally, 28 % of fish migrated upstream within the distance of 28.9 km, 19 % of tagged recaptured fish migrated in downstream direction up to a distance of 30.5 km and 53 % of the studied fishs were stationary in the Novomlýnská reservoir. The highest migration activity was ascertained during the 1st and 2nd year after stocking. The recapture rate of the overall 10.000 stocked fish, was only 1 %. Already 12 months after stocking, the mean total length (TL) of recaptured fish reached 465 mm, weight (w) 2200 g and Fulton´s condition factor (FWCF) 2.45.
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Common carp (Cyprinus carpio) growth and distribution in the Brno and Dalešice reservoirs
Prokeš, Miroslav ; Mareš, J. ; Baruš, Vlastimil ; Habán, V. ; Peňáz, Milan
The study of growth and distribution parameters in tagged carp (Cyprinus carpio) from the canyon-shaped dam reservoirs (Brno and Dalešice) was performed. Altogether, 59 (1.5%) and 274 (4.6%) individuals from the Brno and Dalešice reservoirs, respectively, were re-captured and documented (by anglers) from originally 4000 and 6000 tagged fish released. The growth performance of tagged fish (two-year-old carp K2) was only moderate during the first year after stocking in the Brno reservoir (for time span d0-d360 it corresponds to TL = 304-384 mm, w = 497-1170 g, and SGR = 0.2378 %.d-1), very similar to that in the Dalešice reservoir (d0-d360 TL= 301-386 mm, w = 510-1215 g and SGR = 0,2399 %.d-1). The condition parameters (TL:w and FWC) were very similar as well. Different distributional patterns of the catches were however recorded. The growth performance of carp in the Brno reservoir was lower than expected on the basis of its altitude and mean annual water temperature.
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