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Markers for the prediction of preeclampsia and their relevance in the first trimester of pregnancy
Šedová, Lenka ; Kestlerová, Andrea (advisor) ; Švandová, Ivana (referee)
Preelampsia is a clinical syndrome found uniquely in a pregnant patient with an incidence 2 - 8 % of pregnancies worldwide. It is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, resolving with delivery or soon thereafter. Its worst consequences are eclampsia with tonic and clonic seizures and possibly coma. Also pulmonary edema, CNS hemorrhage, anaemia, hepatorenal failure, circulation failure and other complications can occur. In its most severe form, it affects nearly every organ. Preeclampsia remains a major cause of premature delivery and both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The origin and the cause of the disease remain unknown and therefore the medical treatment focuses only on clinical manifestations. Timely prediction of preeclampsia would enable accurate therapeutic treatment and a decrease of the threat to maternal and fetal health. In this study, the most important predictive biomarkers of PE and their relevance in the first trimester of gestation are presented. Furthermore, a first trimester screening with the best prediction rates is described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Markers for the prediction of preeclampsia and their relevance in the first trimester of pregnancy
Šedová, Lenka ; Kestlerová, Andrea (advisor) ; Švandová, Ivana (referee)
Preelampsia is a clinical syndrome found uniquely in a pregnant patient with an incidence 2 - 8 % of pregnancies worldwide. It is defined as the new onset of hypertension and proteinuria after 20 weeks of gestation, resolving with delivery or soon thereafter. Its worst consequences are eclampsia with tonic and clonic seizures and possibly coma. Also pulmonary edema, CNS hemorrhage, anaemia, hepatorenal failure, circulation failure and other complications can occur. In its most severe form, it affects nearly every organ. Preeclampsia remains a major cause of premature delivery and both maternal and neonatal mortality and morbidity. The origin and the cause of the disease remain unknown and therefore the medical treatment focuses only on clinical manifestations. Timely prediction of preeclampsia would enable accurate therapeutic treatment and a decrease of the threat to maternal and fetal health. In this study, the most important predictive biomarkers of PE and their relevance in the first trimester of gestation are presented. Furthermore, a first trimester screening with the best prediction rates is described. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Communication with a prenatal individual and with child on first days after labour
PETROUŠOVÁ, Lucie
This bachelor work has been realised as a research work and consists of two parts, theoretical and practical. The theoretical part deals with the description of antenatal period, the interaction between mother and child and psychologic antenatal findings where antenatal communication with an unborn child plays an important role. A cardinal part of the work depicts the role and psychosocial attitude of the midwives who take care of mother and unborn child. In addition, the importance of the first mother-child contact soon after delivery is highlighted. The practical part represents the research work. Two questionnaires were used to prove the initial hypotheses. Hypothesis 1: ``Close family members communicate with their unborn child during the pregnancy`` and hypothesis 2: ``Mother-child communication is enabled to start soon after the delivery`` have proved. Altogether 250 questionnaires were distributed, 140 of them to pregnant women and 110 to women after delivery. 229 questionnaires, 92 %, were completed and given back. However, the final set of correctly completed questionnaires, which could be surveyed, consisted of 126 (100 %) given back by pregnant women and 103 (100 %) by women after delivery.
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Nursing care about women with multiple pregnancy
LINHARTOVÁ, Petra
ABSTRAKT Nowadays the occurrence of multiple pregnancy is connected with methods of artificial insemination that bring along many other complications. A multiple pregnancy requires greater attention, care of the obstetrician and the midwife. Because the attendance care for these woment keeps developing at the same time with new findings, it is necessary to provide a quality care, of which is mostly in charge an experienced midwife. Multiple pregnancy is a state when there is more than one fetus developed in the womb. Mostly we are speaking of twins (gemini), triplets (trigemini) and quadruplets (quadrigemini). A multiple pregnancy is a greater burden to the organism of the woman during the whole period of pregnancy. Speaking of multiple pregnancy we should count with occurrence of various complications, e.g. premature labour, placental insufficiency, or occurrence of toxaemia of pregnancy. Therefore an early and regular prenatal care is so important for women with multiple pregnancy. To find out whether the nursing care for woman with a multiple preganancy is carried out according to given nursing standards, we chose a quantitative survey and used the questionnaire form. There were 27 open questions, semi open and closed questions. Midwives could cross or fill in their answers. The questionnaires were distributed in Hospital České Budějovice a.s., Hospital Nymburk s.r.o. and in Hospital Český Krumlov s.r.o. and they showed that the nursing care, e.g. blood pressure measurement, pulse measurement, weighing pregnant women, fetal auscultation is fulfilled from 100%. It was further found out that the nursing standards are carried out from 83% and that the ultrasound examination of fetuses is carried out in 100% according to the recommendations of the Czech Gynecological and Obstetrical Society. 43% of midwives do not consider the care for women with multiple pregnancy more complicated than other hazardous pregnancies and 57% of midwives claim that the care for women with multiple pregnancy is not more complicated at all. The survey has shown that the nursing care for women with multiple pregnancy corresponds to nursing standards, which confirms the working hypothesis at the same time the goal of the paper concentrated on carrying out of nursing care according to nursing standards was fulfilled.
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