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Emergency preparedness of Nestlé Česko, s.r.o, Zora
PUPÍKOVÁ, Pavlína
The thesis deals with the issue of emergency preparedness of Nestlé Česko, s.r.o, Zora Olomouc. According to the Act. No. 224/2015 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents caused by selected dangerous chemical substances or chemical preparations and concerning amendment there is underlimit amount of hazardous chemical ammonia in the area and we cannot classify this as group A or B. On these not-classified resources there are not subject to some duties under this Act, especially the obligation to prepare an emergency documentation. There are a lot of factories like this in the Czech republic (and in the world) and there is certain danger for employees of this companies and for civilian population who is in the danger area. There is more than 6700kg of ammonia in the factory Zora and it is quite a lot. We have to look at special precautions. Ammonia is taken as moderately toxic substance that irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, and in high concentrations can cause death. Another dangerous effect, except the toxicity is its explosiveness and flammability. Impacts of hazardous concentrations are not threat only for people but also for animals and the environment.
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Emergency preparedness and protection of the inhabitans in the national company Budějovický Budvar in the release of hazardous substances
JIRKA, Martin
The thesis describes the issue of emergency preparedness and protection of the inhabitants in the National Corporation Budweiser Budvar during the release of hazardous substances. The thesis is focused on important aspects that determine the drafting of emergency documentation. One of aspects is the amount of hazardous chemical - ammonia. The total ammonia content in the object is 22 tons. This amount is according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents as a sub-limit amount and not as an object into group A or B. On these not-classified resources are not subject to some duties under this Act, especially the obligation to prepare an emergency documentation (except where the regional authority include in the emergency plan then must provide and update the required documents). This paper doesn´t discuss by the massive leakage of 22 tons of ammonia. On the basis of analyzes were identified two sources of the risk. The first is a reservoir about the content of 10 tons which is located on the roof of the engine room. Maximum real filling is around 6 tons. The second source of risk is an expansion tank about the content of 14 tons, which is located in the building with cylinderconicals tanks (CKT). Considered fulfillment of the expansion vessel is about 7 tons. Although in this case is not about buildings and facility in which is treated with such a amount of dangerous chemical substances, which would belonged to the relevant group, I will perform available analysis according to a regulations issued or supportively used to analysis and risk assessment in according to the Act No. 59/2006 Coll., concerning prevention of major accidents. Harmful effects of ammonia are another important aspect. According to the Notice of the Ministry of Interior No. 103/2006 Coll., concerning establish principles defining the emergency planning zone and the extent and method of preparation of an external emergency plan, ammonia is taken as moderately toxic substance that irritates the eyes, mucous membranes, and in high concentrations can cause death. The great advantage from the point of view of the protection inhabitants are the warning properties. Characteristic pungency is already known in very weak concentrations. Also disposal of hazardous concentrations isn't technologically challenging, due to its solubility in the water. Another dangerous effect, except the toxicity is its explosiveness (explosive limit from 15 to 28 %) and flammability. Fortunately controlled condensing pressure prevents ignition and explosion of ammonia. Risk of the explosion and ignition of ammonia isn´t analyzed in this thesis, because the range of effects caused by leakage of several tons, is from a toxicological point of view more threatening. Impacts of hazardous concentrations aren´t threat only for people but also for animals and the environment. The thesis focuses on the analysis and evaluation of risks. The results of this research are an important element of the draft of emergency documentation. During the processing is calculated with methods IAEA-TECDOC-727, Dow's Chemical Exposure Index, Estimation of toxicity and software modeling program ALOHA. Further research is being done by brainstorming and semi-standardized interviews with employees of the company. In conclusion of the thesis is appropriate the drafting of emergency cards and emergency documentation (although not in range under the Act of concerning prevention of major accidents), according to which the reaction proceeded for any leakage of dangerous chemicals (ammonia) into the environment and the protection of workers which occur at the public premises or in the premises of the zone of impact of ammonia spilled outside the area Budweiser Budvar, NC. The use of the draft of emergency documentation is also conditioned by the location of the object in relatively densely populated areas of the county town of České Budějovice.
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Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen
KUČEROVÁ, Andrea
The topic of my thesis is: "Leaks of dangerous chemical substances in the territory of the town Pilsen". I have been dealing with this very hot issue, because there are more and more chemical substances around us. We can find a lot of companies producing, using and having these substances in stock, so we cannot rule out smaller or larger leaks. They usually have negative impacts on human health and life, animals, environment or the leak can cause high material damage. It is necessary to take new measures to decrease results of leak of dangerous chemical substances. In the theoretical part of my work I described some dangerous chemical substances, rules for behaviour and arrangments during the leaks of dangerous chemical substances. In the practical part I evaluated statistic records about leaks of dangerous chemical substances and I valuated talks with experts of public administration in the area of Pilsen town. I carried out my own modulation of ammonia leak in the programme ,,TerEx? and by that I gained an area of public danger where I performed an investigation among people. In my work there was verified a hypothesis whether the people living round the object with dangerous chemical substances have some knowledge about the individual protection. I came to conclusion that this hypothesi can be confirmated due to out comes of my questionary research ? our inhabitants are endowed with the needy useful knowledge (as I have been persuaded by). In my work I found out and important piece of knowledge that there had been only one leak of dangerous chemical substance some ammonia leak from the Pilsner ´´PRAZDROJ a.s.´´. It was an acceptional situation and it did not have any serious effect on people and environment. I would like to recommend only one thing ? to increase public awareness about possible danger in the place of domicile. It is necessary to say that people are only exceptionally interested in these safety questions. This work can be used within the public administration in the field of emergency management and accidental planning for (preparation of) inhabitants´ protection. It can also be used as some study material.
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