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Obamova reforma vesmírné politiky
Nguyen, Hoai Nam
Nguyen, H., Obama's reform of space policy. Bachelor thesis. Brno: Mendel Uni-versity, 2015. The topic of this bachelor thesis is an analysis of Obama's reform of space policy and its changes and whether it had a positive effect on the costs of US space transportation. The first part of thesis focuses on the description of changes in US space policy before and after Obama's reform and the theory of space policy in general. The second part compares the costs of US space transportation before and after the reform and its impact on the fiscal policy of the United States of America.
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Mexická migrace do Spojených států amerických: Srovnání migračních politik Clintonovy, Bushovy a Obamovy administrativy
Böhm, Matěj
This diploma thesis deals with Mexican-American migration issues. The first part of this paper defines the theoretical framework of migration and migration policy and related to the United States the paper examines the concept of national identity and the immigrant paradigm of American nation. Based on the literature review the thesis describes historical development of immigration to the United States while focusing mainly on immigration policy. The case study analyzes Mexican immigration to the United States, specifies the nature of current migration flows and compares immigration policy of Clinton's, Bush's and Obama's administration.
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Comparison of the Foreign Policy of Donald Trump and Barack Obama with Respect to the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict
Starec, Jan ; Pondělíček, Jiří (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
This thesis analyses and then compares the approaches of the two US presidents Barack Obama (2009-2017) and Donald Trump (2017-2021) to a resolution of the Israeli- Palestinian conflict. The thesis aims to answer the research question, which of the two presidents played a greater mediating role in the peace process of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict. The main research is complemented by two additional research questions: firstly, whether the American role of mediator or the role of judge was more beneficial to the progress of the conflict peace process during the Obama and Trump terms. And secondly, in what ways did Obama and Trump set the stage for the future continuation of the Israeli- Palestinian peace process, in other words, which of their decisions regarding the peace process have the potential to contribute to the future resolution of the conflict. The thesis includes analyses of the strategies and policy decisions of both presidents in the context of the resolution of the Israeli-Palestinian conflict, during their terms in office. This is followed by an analysis and comparison of the approaches of the two presidents, including the main differences and similarities, for example in the concept of a two-state solution or other key issues of the peace process. Based on the research conducted,...
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Foreign policy of Obama administration towards Iran
Rudyšar, Rudolf ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Karásek, Tomáš (referee)
The master thesis' main goal is to analytically evaluate Obama's policy towards Iran in the context of the process of rapprochement between the two countries. In this context, the issue of relations with key US allies (specifically Israel and Saudi Arabia), with regard to the possibility of the United States enforcing its security interests in the region, regardless of their allies is especially important. The thesis is divided into 5 parts. The first part puts up theoretical framework using the approach of realism that is later used to analyze important aspects of the discused problém. The second chapter describes current development in the area in the context of recent waves of instability in the MENA region. The third chapter describes in detail the context of Iran nuclear program its development in recent years and most importantly the nuclear deal that was struck in the middle of the year 2015. Chapter four analyzes U.S. policy approaches in the discussed time period in the context of its important alliances and also in the context of the recent development in the region. The last chapter thoroughly examines how significant were the geopolitical changes and changes in relations between the United States and Iran and also how much influence did these changes have regarding the alliances with...
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Engagement of Obama's Administration in the Syrian Civil War
Prouza, Tadeáš ; Bečka, Jan (advisor) ; Raška, Francis (referee)
The Master Thesis Engagement of Obama's Administration in the Syrian Civil War is dealing with the role of the United States in the conflict. This work studies the approach of Obama's administration toward the situation in country from the beginning of the revolution until the end of president's second tenure. It analyzes the development of this approach and key events that influenced its shape. The thesis is divided into three parts. The first is dealing with the background of the crisis, historical development of relations between the US and Syria and the broader context of Obama's Middle East policy. The second part analyzes specific period of time between the start of the revolution until 2014. It follows key events that had profound effect on the inner dynamics of the conflict and phenomenon that were shaping the situation in Syria, like the rising influence of the radicals among the opposition. It also analyzes in detail the chemical attack in Ghouta from 2013, which almost led Washington to direct intervention and is regarded as one of the most important events in Obama's foreign policy. The third part is dealing with the rise of the Islamic State (ISIS) and American-led intervention against this terrorist organization. The thesis was written with the help of different sources such as...
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Use of social media in political campaign : the case study of the Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign
Beseda, Dan ; Kozák, Kryštof (advisor) ; Bečka, Jan (referee)
This thesis deals with the role of social media in the U.S. presidential campaign. Media plays an important role in the U.S. presidential campaign. Therefore every new medium comes with a huge expectation on its impact on the political campaign. Thus, we examine the question: What role do social media play in U.S. presidential campaigns? The role of social media is examined in the case study of the Barack Obama's 2008 presidential campaign. The first chapter defines social media and the platform on which they run - Web 2.0. It also presents the most important aspects of social media. The following chapter presents a theoretical background on social media in politics, with focus on aspects that are relevant to the social media and their role in the political campaign. The third chapter is the case study of Barack Obama's campaign. At the outset the case study presents data on the media usage in the 2008 election; thereafter the most important social media used in Obama's campaign are analyzed. The first analysis is of Obama's official website MyBarackObama. Next to be analyzes is YouTube. Following that, social networks, primarily Facebook, are analyzed. The last chapter of this case study is devoted to blogs.
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The United States' policy of democracy promotion after the intervention in Iraq.
Klimešová, Tereza ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Riegl, Martin (referee)
Bibliographic note KLIMEŠOVÁ, Tereza. The Implications of the Intervention in Iraq for the United States' Policy of Democracy Promotion. Master thesis. Charles University, Faculty of Social Sciences, Institute of International Studies, Supervisor Ph.Dr. Jan Hornát, Ph.D. Abstract Democracy promotion has been an integral part of US foreign policy for more than a century. Particularly at the end of the 20th century, democracy flourished worldwide as autocratic regimes collapsed at large and scholars talked about the "End of History." Nevertheless, the current situation is very different, and substantial democratic backsliding is observable. Many scholars are tracing the origins of this decline to the Bush's Freedom Agenda, particularly the intervention in Iraq in 2003, arguing that it was the initial turning point for US democracy promotion. However, this thesis argues that the invasion and the subsequent war were pivotal only in part. The most visible implications were within the public perception of democracy promotion. Due to the US engagement in Iraq, domestic support deteriorated substantially. Moreover, the international community's perception of the US as a benign democracy exporter crumbled as well. Another change was observable within the rhetoric of President Obama after taking office in 2009. In...
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Analysis of the Special Relationship between the USA and Great Britain from the Clinton to the Trump Administrations
Veliký, Samuel ; Soukup, Jaromír (advisor) ; Ditrych, Ondřej (referee)
This thesis, entitled "Analysis of the special relationship between the US and the UK from the Clinton administration to the Trump administration", aims to provide a comprehensive overview of this Anglo-American alliance, in the mentioned period. The work is anchored on the concept of the concept of "special relationship", which has established itself in political practice to describe the political, diplomatic, cultural, economic, military and historical relations between the United Kingdom and the United States. The first opportunity for this concept to become popular was after it was used in a speech in 1946 by the British Prime Minister Winston Churchill, who tried to ensure Anglo-American cooperation in the post-war period. From that moment on, this unofficial term serves to describe transatlantic cooperation between the two nations, across all regions. This transatlantic cooperation did not end during the Cold War, but on the contrary, the two states were able to cooperate very closely in averting the communist threat. The thesis focuses primarily on the analysis of relations in the period after President Clinton took office as President of the United States, looking at how the Anglo-American alliance developed in the period after the end of the Cold War. In the next part of the work, it is...
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Sino-US-Russia Relations during the Second Term of the Presidency of Barack Obama
Literáková, Adéla ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Szobi, Pavel (referee)
The second term of the presidency of Barack Obama was an active phase of interactions among Russia, the United States, and China. At that time, many issues came up to be able to shake the international situation (e.g., the rise of ISIS, the South China Sea issue, the THAAD, TPP, Ukrainian crisis). The author selected four issues (trade, counterterrorism, the South China Sea issue, the THAAD) to analyze how the states were interacting among themselves (Russia-US, US-China, China-Russia) and how it influenced the international order. Two basic international theories will be applied - realism and liberalism (offensive realism, neo-liberal institutionalism, economic interdependency, and theory of triangle) to understand the interactions and discuss them.
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Presidential Directives as Instrument of President's Obama Policy-Making
Bui Thuy, Hanh ; Sehnálková, Jana (advisor) ; Hornát, Jan (referee)
The recent usage of presidential directives by President Barack Obama and President Donald Trump initiated debates around limits of presidential power. Research on the presidential power has shown lack of focus on the presidential directives, misinterpretation and wrong terminology which resulted in false accusations of presidential overreach and abuse of power. This thesis argues that the political gridlock and increasing passivity of Congress have contributed to a shift between the executive and legislative power of government. This thesis will trace the extent to which Congress has become resistant to pass two of the key priorities of President Obama's political agenda - immigration reform and gun regulation, after which the President had to act on the issues unilaterally. The main aim of the thesis is to show that presidential directives of President Obama were not issued in a vacuum and that there were debates, persuasion and negotiations preceding the executive actions in an attempt to advance President's agenda in a form of bipartisan legislation rather than unilateral presidential directive.
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