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The Turbulent Development of Czechoslovak Middle Eastern Policy in the Years 1948-1955
Taterová, Eva
This chapter aims to introduce and interpret the development of Czechoslovak foreign policy to the Middle East in 1948-1955 in the context of the ongoing Cold War using the case studies of Czechoslovak bilateral relations with Israel and Egypt. After the communist coup in February 1948, Czechoslovak foreign policy encountered essential changes that also influenced Czechoslovak attitudes towards the Middle East. While in the late 1940s there was an effort to maintain the existing local partnerships (e.g. the continuing support to the emerging State of Israel), the early 1950s brought a significant shift of Czechoslovak Middle Eastern policy due to the international and internal political factors. As result, Czechoslovakia started to focus on the development of close mutual relations with some Arab countries. In this sense, the year 1955 is considered a milestone regarding the Egyptian-Czechoslovak arms deal which set an important precedent for\nsimilar contracts of military cooperation between Czechoslovakia with the other regional actors.
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Posuny v turecké zahraniční politice v éře R. T. Erdoğana a její dopady na vztahy s USA a Izraelem
Ikizgül, Varol
My bachelor's thesis deals with the shape and development of Turkish-American and Turkish-Israeli foreign relations, especially in the era of R. T. Erdoğan. The aim of the thesis is to answer the question of how Turkey's foreign policy has changed after the accession of R. T. Erdoğan and how significantly these changes have affected the gradual development of foreign relations with the United States and Israel. Turkish, Israeli, and American interests, particularly in the Middle East, often overlap, which is why their foreign relations are very dynamic. The thesis points out that although Turkey remains one of the United States' main partners in NATO, Erdoğan's foreign policy has repeatedly come into conflict with the foreign policies of the Biden administration, the Trump administration, or the Obama administration before that. In particular, I see the Kurdish issue, or the issue of acquiring military technology outside NATO structures, as a fundamental core of the conflicts. Also central to the strengthening of Russia and Iran's positions of power is the position of Israel, which is an important strategic ally of both the United States and Turkey. Despite the fact that Turkish-Israeli relations have been in very good shape most of the time, the Gaza Strip was, especially in the first half of the 2010s, a bone of contention between the two countries.
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The Turbulent Development of Czechoslovak Middle Eastern Policy in the Years 1948-1955
Taterová, Eva
This chapter aims to introduce and interpret the development of Czechoslovak foreign policy to the Middle East in 1948-1955 in the\ncontext of the ongoing Cold War using the case studies of Czechoslovak bilateral relations with Israel and Egypt. After the communist coup in\nFebruary 1948, Czechoslovak foreign policy encountered essential changes that also influenced Czechoslovak attitudes towards the Middle\nEast. While in the late 1940s there was an effort to maintain the existing local partnerships (e.g. the continuing support to the\nemerging State of Israel), the early 1950s brought a significant shift of Czechoslovak Middle Eastern policy due to the international and\ninternal political factors. As result, Czechoslovakia started to focus on the development of close mutual relations with some Arab countries.\nIn this sense, the year 1955 is considered a milestone regarding the Egyptian-Czechoslovak arms deal which set an important precedent for\nsimilar contracts of military cooperation between Czechoslovakia with the other regional actors.
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The impact of the Turkish economic crisis on Turkey's foreign policy and the Turkish-Israeli relations
Rodrigues Soares Barbosa Silva, Pedro Gonçalo ; Kazharski, Aliaksei (advisor) ; Aslan, Emil (referee)
This thesis aims to evaluate the impact of Turkey's economic crisis on its foreign policy and analyse the subsequent developments in the relationship between Turkey and Israel. Supporting the analysis, a theoretical framework based on Economic Realism was utilised, wherein the analytical portion of the thesis will focus first on Economic dimension of the Turkish-Israeli relationship, and later its Security dimension. The Economic Analysis section focuses mainly on the 2018 economic crisis in Turkey, and the characteristics of the Turkish economy, as well as the trade/economic relationship between Ankara and related recent regional developments. The thesis delves into the Turkish-Israeli rapprochement of 2022, combining a political analysis of recent developments with a historical study of the bilateral relationship. The security dimension of the relationship is also explored, particularly in relation to the shared concern of Iran. The thesis analyses more deeply the Turco-Iranian, as well as Israeli-Iranian rivalry in Syria and Iraq, in order to evaluate the potential Security-driven calculations in the Turkish foreign policy shift. The thesis concludes that Turkey's post-crisis foreign policy shift aligns with Economic Realism. The Turkish-Israeli rapprochement is positive but not unique in the...
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Instability and Upheavals in Post-2011 Lebanon: A Regional Security Perspective
El Hajaly, Joy ; Weinfurter, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Collins, Jonathan (referee)
This thesis delves into the significant role played by civil society organizations and social movements in post-2011 Lebanon, focusing on their impact on the country's security dynamics, societal changes, and the contestation of sectarianism through the lens of the Regional Security Complex Theory (RSCT). The research explores how these movements have been instrumental in driving political reforms and conflict resolution by pressuring the government, advocating for policy changes, and garnering public support, leading to the adoption of new laws addressing societal grievances. The emergence of social movements in response to regional uprisings and the Syrian displacement has presented Lebanon with both challenges and opportunities. While existing power structures and resistance to change pose obstacles, the interconnectedness of these movements through digital technologies and shared goals has amplified their ability to mobilize and shape political discourse, thereby holding the potential for transformative change and creating opportunities for a more inclusive and democratic society. Empowering and supporting these actors will be crucial in fostering a more democratic and equitable nation. As Lebanon moves forward, the transformative power of civil society stands as a beacon of hope. The people's...
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US War reporting: American media evolution through a comparative analysis of the depiction of Middle Eastern women
Mlatečková, Marie ; Hornát, Jan (advisor) ; Fiřtová, Magdalena (referee)
This study delves into the portrayal of Arab women in American mass media (the New York Times, the Washington Post and the Wall Street Journal) and uncovers the continued presence of Orientalism in such reporting. The study examines the War in Iraq and Syria as case studies and finds that more has stayed the same between the two. The study employs three frameworks to support its findings: Orientalism, post-colonial feminism, and peace journalism. The thesis extensively reviews existing literature on the topic and includes a chapter on the definition of mass media, with specific examples of its power in the United States. Another chapter focuses on the Middle Eastern context of gender and the context of the two wars. Finally, the study provides an in-depth analysis of representative samples from three journals and their articles during the first year of both conflicts, which are then presented and discussed.
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The Impact of the New Silk Road on the Geopolitical Influence of the United States in the Middle Wastern Region
Šimek, Jan ; Raška, Francis (advisor) ; Sehnálková, Jana (referee)
The thesis focuses on influence of Chinese Belt and Road initiative on geopolitical stability of United States in Middle East through tightening relations with Israel and Saudi Arabia. Through interdependence theory the thesis points out effort of the People's Republic of China to straighten its geopolitical influence at the expense of United States through various profitable economical connections and potential of long-term multi-level cooperation. This cooperation helps China to gain higher confidence from Israel and Saudi Arabia and trough their trust willingness to further cooperation. Rising trade between China and states of Middle East also gives China potential to cooperate with various states on different sides of conflict and through economical cooperation with them China has potential to become a moderator of mutual diplomatic relations between hostile states. This has huge impact on geopolitical position of United States and their negotiation position in dialogues with local states. The Belt and Road Initiative has apart from geopolitical influence also economical influence which drains trade from United States to China. It also has goal to bring energetic resources to China, which as well takes trade with oil from United States and helps China to became biggest trade partner for local...
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Russian-Israeli Relations after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union
Pavlíková, Klára ; Kalhousová, Irena (advisor) ; Plíštilová, Tereza (referee)
The thesis Russian-Israeli Relations after the Dissolution of the Soviet Union looks at the relations of these countries in the period from the end of 1991 to 2022 from the perspective of the neorealist balance of power theory. The main aim of the thesis is to answer the question of how the geopolitical interests of the two countries are inscribed in their diplomatic relations. At first glance, some diplomatic interactions between Moscow and Tel Aviv may give the impression of very warm relations. However, the two countries are fundamentally at odds over their interests in the Middle East. Russia's interests, as could be deduced from the balance of power theory, derive from its efforts to counterbalance the USA. Israel's interest is to survive surrounded by enemies, which it seeks to achieve through its alliance with the USA. The thesis is based on two case studies: Iran and Syria. I analyze both geopolitical interests and diplomatic relations using qualitative and quantitative research methods. In the case of geopolitical interests, I draw on official government documents, military doctrines, statements by top politicians, the formation of military-strategic alliances, energy cooperation, and Russian, Israeli, and U.S. votes at the United Nations in the cases of Iran and Syria. I analyze...
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Hybrid war concept in the context of Israeli state activities
Wildová, Tereza ; Horák, Slavomír (advisor) ; Kalhousová, Irena (referee)
The bachelor's thesis focuses on Israel's involvement in the Syrian Arab Republic in the context of the concept of hybrid warfare.The text of the thesis is divided into three parts. The first part outlines the theoretical grasp of the concept of hybrid warfare, and how the concept is treated, scholarly discussion about the concept, and which tools and actors are considered relevant. The second part traces the Israeli engagement in Syria itself, in terms of the various methods employed, as well as the motives and interrelationships, and the legislative anchoring of Israeli activities. The third part attempts to answer the research question : "Why does Israel resort to the use of hybrid warfare against the Syrian Arab Republic and what tools does it use to do so?" with the following sub-questions "To what extent is this use offensive or defensive?", "What does Israel use to justify its actions in Syria in the context of international law?". Using theoretical analysis and a single case study as methods to develop the thesis, it was found that Israel resorts to its actions for several reasons, the main one being the issue of its security. Israel fears the deeper involvement of Iran and its allies and seeks to maintain its regional hegemony. Israel's actions in Syria can be seen as both offensive and...
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