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Regulation and Restriction of Entertaining Activities in the Environment of the Unity of the Brethren in the Pre-White Mountain Period
Růčková, Markéta
The effort of the Unity of the Brethren as a church group was to form a Christian community according to the biblical image of the Apostolic Church, in which the supreme authority is the Scripture, which also serves as the highest measure of proper conduct at all levels. The behaviour of all Brethren members was to be adapted to this accordingly. Although the social structure of the Brethren members changed over its existence, the principles of order and discipline, characterised by an emphasis on moral quality of life, obedience and God’s commandments applied to all its members, regardless of estate or social status. On the basis of\nnormative sources derived from fraternal leaders or issued in synodal resolutions, as well as narrative sources, especially sermons, it is possible to observe how the Brethren viewed the entertainment activities of its members, celebrations related to human life events, holidays, music and games. However, the strict rules necessarily led to their violation when applied in practical life. \n
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Middle European Military Camps in 1550-1650
Andresová, Klára ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Ďurčanský, Marek (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the problematics of the military camps of Christian armies in the Central Europe between 1550-1650. We focus on the camps of the Habsburg Monarchy and German lands, yet some space is given to the situation in Poland and Hungary. The introductory chapters consist of a characterization of the source material and an overview of the present state of research. Furthermore, excursuses into several topics related to the military camps of the early modern period are made. Thus, characterizations of the crucial war conflicts of the period, contemporary strategies and tactics, principals, composition and equipment of the armies, of the ranks, and of the life of soldiers are provided. The core of this work is an interpretation and comparison of treatises written by military theorists, who dealt with the problematics of camps, namely of the works by Jan Tarnowski, Guillaume du Bellay, Leonhardt Fronsperger, Lazarus von Schwendi, Giorgio Basta, Johann Jacobi von Wallhausen, and Raimondo Montecuccoli. Additionally, an analysis of the military orders of the Roman emperor Maximilian II and of the Swedish king Gustav II Adolf is supplied, followed by memoirs and diaries of soldiers of that era, and contemporary literary fiction. Although the thesis includes brief characterizations of...
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Inter-cultural historical anthropology
Náhlovský, Michal ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Korecká, Zuzana (referee)
Historical anthropology is a relatively young science discipline. On many projects in the framework of theoretical tasks so far. This work is a bunch of strangers to focus on inter-cultural comparison in the context of historical anthropology. This work will be conducted following the line of the official sources of the history. Rather than the actor himself, will be viewed for what could, in theory, the player or what was his academic freedom. By comparing the two locally so different areas, such as the Czech lands, and Beninese imperium, has a bunch of strangers try to show a comparison as possible in varying degree. The work aims to compare the rights and that mountain obligation the lowest classes of the two States. It has to happen, implanted in the reality of time known as the early modern period in Europe. The work will be based mainly on the strands of legal provenance. Work gives the objective comparison of these facts, without any claims to their binding evaluation.
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Courier Service in Dvůr Králové n. L. in the Early Modern Period
Iša, František ; Čechura, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kostlán, Antonín (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the issue of oral and written communication through the groups of couriers, who mediated between smaller royal dowry town Dvůr Králové nad Labem and its own villages as well as another distant locations situated in another dominion. Diploma thesis applies to region called Podkrkonoší in the advanced Early Modern Period, describes and analyses some of the preserved archival primary sources of knowledge dedicated to the courier services in Dvůr Králové nad Labem. It mentions the enviroment in which the gateke- epers and other couriers fulfilled their services. This thesis attempts to define the relationship between the distance and courier's income in Dvůr Králové nad Labem's domain and outside of it. In the context of diverse contents of oral and written messages the thesis mentions sever- al other topics, for example the actual filling work of corvée (or statute labour), showing by gatekeepers the way to hussar-soldier at surveying, transport of beggars and vagabonds and even the beginning of postal services in this area. Working method is based on detailed archival probe into rarely preserved municipal bookkeeping, especially into records of gate- keeper's courier services and records of other settled couriers both from the year 1740 and 1768. Results are presented...
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The convent of dominican sisters in The Old Town of Prague in the early modern era. The woman monastic community and its relations to the diocesan, religious and temporal authorities.
Walter, Pavel ; Zdichynec, Jan (advisor) ; Černušák, Tomáš (referee)
The diploma thesis describes the development of St. Anne and St. Lawrence Dominican convents in The Old Town of Prague during early modern period (mainly in the 17th and the 18th centuries). Both the indoor life and contacts with outside world are included in the description. Only three topics of the above-mentioned specialization could be seamlessly elaborated due to fragmentary sources. The introduction and first three chapters constitute a summary of sources and literature. Furthermore, they chronologically depict the history of the Dominican order and the particular convents. The fourth chapter deals with the relationship between the nuns and their dependants in the municipality of Radlice. The system of servile taxes withdrawals and visitations of the monastic farms are emphasized. The chapter finally records a concrete discord between the convent and Barbora Wlaška in the 16th century. The fifth chapter focuses on baroque sermon that were held during ceremonies of admission aspirants among the other nuns. The preachments were analyzed in light of their contents and spiritual thoughts. The last chapter studies the performance of the archiepiscopal authority to the convents in the 18th century and the relationships between the Dominican nuns and aristocratic families or bourgeoisie in the...
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Agricultural and Social Life of the Collegiate Chapter of Stará Boleslav in the Fifties and Sixties of the 17th Century
Kratochvíl, Miroslav ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Zdichynec, Jan (referee)
The thesis analyses the agricultural and social life of the collegiate chapter of Stará Boleslav in the fifties and sixties of the 17th century. The core of the thesis focused on researching of the agricultural and social situation of the chapter of Stará Boleslav in the fifties and sixties of the 17th century follows after a brief outline of the chapter's history and its position within the context of the medieval and early modern development. The topic is mainly studied on the basis of unpublished sources (a list of the most important ones is presented below), also considering secondary literature, and it is placed into a broader context of the situation in Bohemia after the Thirty Years War. 1
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Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg (1586-1665). Builder of a military career, of a landed dominion and of the eighth wonder of the world
Vokurka, Michal ; Šedivá Koldinská, Marie (advisor) ; Hojda, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis is focused on Julius Henry of Saxe-Lauenburg, an aristocrat from a large family from Lower Saxony, who converted to Catholicism and made a career in the Emperor's army as one of Wallenstein's officers. He gained some large confiscated estates in west Bohemia. Thanks to his wedding politics he became one of the richest aristocrats in the country after the Thirty Year's War. He founded famous gardens around his residences, especially the one in Ostrov, which was called the eight world's wonder. During his long live he acted as an emissary and diplomat, mostly representing the Emperor in the court of the Elector of Saxony. His financial and social capital enabled him to rank high among the czech aristocracy, even though he came to the Catholic Habsburg Monarchy from a Protestant social enviroment.
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The Transformation of perception of vampire in Western culture from early modern period to present : The Assessment of marginal cultural phenomenon in terms of civilization theory of Norbert Elias
Konečná, Zuzana ; Horský, Jan (advisor) ; Šubrt, Jiří (referee)
The thesis deals with the transformation of perception of vampire in Western culture from early modern period to present. The vampire in modern Western culture is very popular and has an unwavering place. Vampires are now attractive and basically not dangerous. The subject of this work is question whether it was so in previous centuries. Work present the change in appearance and character, both fictional character and "real vampires." Based on the analysis of selected fictional works (literary and visual) from the late 18th century, when the vampire came to Western fiction, work shows how gradually transforms the image that this supernatural beings attributes in West. An essential part of how culture perceives certain phenomenon is a belief in it. Therefore I am interested in how the West over time explaining this phenomenon. Work also introduces the Norbert Elias's civilization theory. Analysis of transformation in the perception of a vampire in Western culture follows it's tracks and the results are compared with it with the goal to give answer on question whether this phenomenon is turning into the terms of this theory.
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Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel and the Zohar
Kohoutová, Kamila ; Nosek, Bedřich (advisor) ; Holubová, Markéta (referee) ; Visi, Tamás (referee)
This thesis deals with the intellectual heritage of Rabbi Judah Loew ben Bezalel, the Maharal of Prague and with his affiliation to the Kabbalah. The Kabbalah sprang up amongst Jewish scholars of 12th century Spain and reached its apex in the composition of the Zohar. This study shows the ways the Maharal used the Zohar and to what end. First chapter deals with the life and writings of the Maharal. The second summarises previous attempts to describe the Maharal's affinity for Jewish mysticism. The third chapter describes how the Zohar was written. It includes a textological comparison, which aims to find which edition or group of manuscripts of the Zohar the Maharal used. It also makes note of the special form of zoharic Aramaic that is present in the Maharal's writings. The fourth chapter raises the question of halakhic authority of the Zohar in the 15th and 16th centuries. Three main chapters of this thesis provide analysis and commentary of chosen zoharic texts (Zohar III,152a, Zohar III,40a, Zohar I,18a a Zohar I,33b) quoted by the Maharal in his writings and with their theological reflection. Zohar III,152a speaks about different layers of meaning implied in the text of the Torah. This chapter deals with the basic development of Jewish hermeneutics and attempts to find Maharal's place in it....
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The Testamentary Practice in Jihlava in the Years 1578 - 1624 (Wills as Sources for the History of Family Structures, Historical Demography and Sociotopography)
Jirková, Pavla ; Maur, Eduard (advisor) ; Horský, Jan (referee) ; Sulitková, Ludmila (referee)
THESIS ABSTRACT The subject of the research - the Early Modern burgher will - is viewed in the thesis from the standpoint of family structures, historical demography and sociotopography. The sample of 968 Jihlava wills from the period 1578-1624 were subjected to statistical analysis. Moreover, from a methodological perspective the nature of this research is similar to micro-historical and prosopographical approaches. The aforementioned theme was compared to conclusions of the literature concerning historical demography and family structures (especially English) as well as foreign sociological and anthropological studies. The results of this research were evaluated from the point of view of the annual number of wills as possible indicators of the chief trends in mortality, and possible connections were traced between the number of children named in the testaments and the inheritance system. Given the numerous marriage contracts concluded by testators, the study also looked into the "marriage market" and the duration of marriages. Other questions discussed in the thesis include, for example, family and household positions, disabled people, gender studies and intergenerational property transfer. Finally, in terms of the sociotopographical study, the houses of sorted testators were located within the framework...
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