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Development of gender´s policy in the area of Evropean Union and its prediction
SEDLÁKOVÁ, Magdalena
Gender equality is a very important social value, which has a long-lasting tradition in European Union and it is a necessary condition for the achievement of its goals. This thesis deals with the topic of women representation in politics, particularly in European Parliament and national parliaments in European Union. The fact that women have found their way into European Parliament is evident. In 1979 only 17% of all parliament members were women and nowadays they represent more than one third of all members of the Parliament ? 35%. The representation of women in national parliaments is lower than in European Parliament and it differs in particular countries. In 2000 the representation of women in national politics reached 18,3 %. Throughout various periods no decline has been registered and in 2010 the representation of women in national politics reached 23,6 %. The comparison of the development of the representation of women in politics according to the state systems is interesting. Concerning national parliaments, the best results have been achieved in European kingdoms. The optional partial quotas are employed to increase the representation of women in politics within the frame of European Union. The long-term goals have been set to indicate further development and criteria that should have been achieved. The present idea is to reach at least 25% representation of women in national parliaments in all member states.
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Counseling for women in climacteric.
GALLASOVÁ, Martina
Climacterium is a period of the woman´s life when it comes, little by little, to the loss of the ovary function. The begin of this period is different with individual women and may be affected by some factors, as for instance by experienced illnesses, nourishment condition or by family disposition. Symptomatology of the diseases connected with climactorium may be various, but it need not appear with all women to the full extent. Therefore, the consulting service is very important for the women in the period of climacterium. A woman well informed about the possible menopausal symptoms, about medical or alternative possibilities concerning the influence of undesirable menopausal diseases and also the precautionary programmes preventing the development of heavy illnesses will be better prepared for the coming climacterium and will be able to live this period of life in equanimity and piece. The theoretic part of the work provides basic information about the problems of climacterium. It deals with the explication of the term climacterium, its individual phases, with etiopatogenesis and endocrinology of menopause, with symptomatology, diagnostics, therapy and with the style of life in the climacterium period. In the practical part, the informedness level of women concerning the climacterium problems was examined.
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The Sonnenfels´ weekly moral women´s magazine Theresie und Eleonore
MEZEROVÁ, Veronika
As the title itself suggests, the bachelor´s work called The Sonnenfels´ weekly moral women´s magazine Theresie und Eleonore pursues a weekly moral magazine Theresie und Eleonore issued in 1767, 1773 and 1784. Its author Joseph von Sonnenfels was a jurist of the Enlightenment, a reformer and an intellectual. Theresie und Eleonore is one of his lesser-known magazines which was considered a women´s magazine and describing the women´s world. The main characters are named after Sonnenfels´ wife and her sister Eleonore. Initially the magazine had been regarded as a work of two women - the main characters. Later, Sonnenfels owned up to his work. The constituent parts of my work are the author of the magazine, the form of particular copies and the Sonnenfels´ fictitious authorship. His life and work is set into the cultural context of his time and Theresie und Eleonore is shown as a typical example of the Enlightenment era. The following chapter concentrates on particular editions of the magazine which was published three times in three slightly different editions in the 18th century. The chapter examines the forms of individual issues and their differences. The last part of my work pursues the Sonnenfels´ fictitious authorship which is especially interesting in the fact that the authors were supposedly women. The particular elements of the fictitious authorship are analysed in the order as they were set by Sonnenfels. It concerns the fictitious characters, letters and narration.
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The Specific Factors Affecting Women in Late Adulthood and the Possibilities of Prevention of their Negative Consequences
KOTOUČKOVÁ, Jana
This dissertation is focused on the problematic period in postmenopausal women. The women in age from 45 to 60 are in our current society under many pressures which can have a negative influence on their quality of living. The goal of this dissertation is to define these specific factors into biological, psychological and social factors and also to analyse their possible negative consequences and suggest the ways of prevention. The climacterium, partnership relations, divorces, children´s walk-out from home, the part of grandparents or also the old parent-care belong among these factors. These could be marked as a difficult living situations which could cause stress, coflicts or frustration. If this stage stays uncontrolled, many psychological troubles could start leading up to many kinds of addictions or self-destructions. That is why is the last chapter focused on the possibilities of prevention, both from the women point of view and from the society.
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Women in Leadership Positions
KASTNEROVÁ, Tamara
The thesis is composed of two sections: theoretical study and field inquiry. The theoretical study is an attempt to describe the situation of women throughout human history as well as in the Czech society; their roles, positions and tasks at various stages. Included is the beginning of women{\crq}s emancipation. Further, this section looks at the issues of gender and gender equality in Today{\crq}s labor market. The field inquiry comprises of a poll conducted among women in leading business rolls in the Karlovy Vary region. The poll asks the women about their perception of their position, and how they manage the demands of their professional and private life. The appendix focuses on four influential women at various historical stages. Polyxena of Pernštejn, designer Coco Chanel, Queen Elizabeth II. of England, and former Czech defense minister Vlasta Parkanová (interview included).
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Noble Interest. Women in Czech Archaeology in 19th and at the Beginning of 20th Century
SKLENÁŘOVÁ, Eva
This paper concentrates on the role of women in science, specifically in archaeology of past centuries. The women{\crq}s access to education and scientific career had been restricted by then notion of woman{\crq}s proper standing in society {--} educated and independently intellectually active woman didn{\crq}t fit in the required role of the custodian of family hearth, of spouse and mother. So the women interested in science had to overcome various prejudices and obstacles. The introduction of this work briefly informs about traditional women{\crq}s standing in the society and about possibilities of their education in the setting of high schools and universities in the flow of centuries. It presents also a short insight into the history of archaeology as a discipline to show in which stage it was in the time these women worked in it. This paper finds in these women pre-archaeologists three kinds of leading motivations. The first, most typical model, were women influenced by their husbands. Women of the archaeologists often participated on their work either from marital solidarity or of one{\crq}s own interest that survived the spouse{\crq}s death. The second biggest group was formed by the daughters of archaeologists that grew up amongst prehistoric relics and, as kids, attended archaeological research with their fathers. In this group we also find either a short time fascination or lifelong influence. The third group is formed by the women from non-archaeologist families. Some of them familiarized with prehistoric relics through their commercial interests, others, and this group was bigger, displayed purely personal passion for this science. This latter group made friends with important archaeologists of their time and engaged in this trade under their leadership. The last part of the work is formed by the succinct reference on educated professional women archaeologists who followed this pioneers on the area of interest {--} though in fact they don{\crq}t fit into epoch and topic investigated.
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Prevention of the Rise of Dependency on Addictive Substances in Older Adult Women
ČMUGROVÁ, Žaneta
The dissertation contains the general nature of physical and psychological changes in older adult women, a brief definition of most commonly abused addictive substances within the given target group and the factors that influence the rise of dependency on addictive substances. The typical causes for the rise of dependency in older adult women are analyzed in detail. The final part of the dissertation is dedicated to current possibilities for prevention of the rise of dependency in women in the afore-mentioned age. Herewith new forms of timely prevention are offered in the area of health services, media and free time based on influence of individual women´s attitudes.
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