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Determination of selected musk compounds in biotic samples
Blahová, Eliška ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Musk compounds (MUSK) or synthetic fragrances are organic substances commonly used as fragrant constituents of detergents, soaps, cosmetics, personal care products, industrial and in-house cleaning agents, industrial plasticizers, chewing tobacco and fresheners. The big attention is pushed ahead studying these compounds, their fate in different parts of ecosystems and studying their characteristics at present, because musks infiltrate many environmental components, particularly aquatic and marine ecosystems, through their large application and their ability to be perzistant. This diploma thesis was focused on four synthetic “classical” fragrances used over the world. The aim of this study was to perform a method optimisation for the determination of selected fragrances in biotic matrix. There was made an evalution of ability of selected water treatment plant to clear away musks from water, these results were used for evaluating contamination measurement of aquatic ecosystem. The identification and quantification of analytes was carried out by high resolution gas chromatography - mass spectrometry (HRGC/MS).
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Intensification of the wastewater treatment plant in the village Krumsín
Krejsová, Věra ; Ježek, Jiří (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The task of this master thesis was assessment of the possibility of intensification of biological ponds, which are used for wastewater treatment, and subsequent application of selected systems to the existing wastewater treatment plant in the village Krumsin in the district Prostejov, including economic assessment. In the first part of the master thesis, I worked up the available options for the intensification of biological ponds. In the practical part of the thesis it was prepared a report of the current state of the wastewater treatment plant that serving as a basis for the design of intensification, which is also processed in the practical part. For the proposed variants of intensification was also processed economic assessment.
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Cogeneration unit at the wastewater treatment plant
Hoferková, Lenka ; Hlavínek, Petr (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
Energy management is topical issue and we have to solve this global problem. There is also an option to exploit the renewable energy. The source might be biogas produced during anaerobic sludge stabilization. This bachelor thesis deals with using biogas in cogeneration units at sewage water plant. First section covers the main Czech and EU legislation and regulations in the field of water treatment, sewage sludge treatment and cogeneration. The next section is devoted to production of biogas and possibility of utilization in cogeneration. The thesis divides cogeneration systems and mentions the main parameters such as energy efficient and wattage. Local and European companies are chosen from the fields of manufacturer. The practical part deals with designing of cogeneration unit at sewage water plant Zdar nad Sazavou. According to calculated and measured parameter adequate unit from local manufacturer Tedom is chosen. Moreover, there are other solutions for replacing the engine in the current unit (by Tedom) or general repair (by Motorgas). All options are evaluated from the view of profitable investment. The conclusion is that It would be preferable to replace the engine.
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The study alternatives village sewer system Crhov
Sakáčová, Monika ; Raček,, Jakub (referee) ; Hluštík, Petr (advisor)
The theme of this diploma thesis is " The study alternatives village sewer system Crhov". The thesis focuses on the design of possible wastewater treatment options with design of the technology for waste water treatment. Four alternatives are proposed - catch up existing sewerage and build an aerobic pond, new sewerage system with a container sewage treatment plant, domestic sewage treatment plant and the existing drainage system and the construction of a sewage treatment plant. In addition to the proposal itself, financial valuation of these variants is an integral part of the work with its own recommendation.
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Design of equipment for thermo mechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste
Kolařík, Ivo ; Jedlička, Filip (referee) ; Beňo, Zdeněk (advisor)
The main objective of this master’s thesis is to develop design equipment for thermomechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste. An important aspect of the design is taking into account current legislation, sanitary conditions for determining the pre-treated biodegradable material, which also serves as a raw material for biogas production. So the device will be used to monitor the impact of thermomechanical pre-treatment of biodegradable waste for biogas recovery. The following describes the processes of anaerobic decomposition of biodegradable materials and technology, whose main task is intensification of anaerobic decomposition of organic materials. The theoretical work are given various methods of processing and utilization of biodegradable wastes, focusing on kitchen waste and sludge from sewage plants. The next section describes the various factors that may affect the stability of the process of biogas generation. This also results in yield and chemical composition of biogas. A key part of this master’s thesis is to develop technical documentation and an approximate calculation of the hot slurry.
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Treatment of Waste Water Treatment Sludge Prior of its Following Utilization
Pěček, Jan ; Klemeš,, Jiří (referee) ; Žaloudík, Petr (referee) ; Jícha, Jaroslav (advisor)
Industrial production of cellulose is an energy intensive process. Businesses aim to utilized as much input energy, materials as possible while minimizing the waste as well. In addition to the main product – cellulose and large amounts of organically polluted water which is subsequently treated in waste water treatment plants. This PhD thesis deals with formation of suitable mixing formula for sludge from cellulose production and available materials (waste) from close neighborhood of Biocel Paskov a.s. so that well balanced cofermentation products are achieved. This mainly involves grass from lawn maintenance, grass ensilage, potato peels, and leftovers from vegetable processing. Fermentation processes (both mesophilic and thermophilic) of prepared fermentation products were conducted in semi-continuous and continuous laboratory fermentation units. Reduction of organic mass depending on residence time was closely observed as well as production and quality of biogas along with quality of output digestate. Course of process behaviour under controlled pH was tested. Results of particular tests were integrated into graphs. Conclusion of the thesis presents balance scheme drawn for selected variants, and design of real fermentation station with individual buildings, operations, basic machinery and equipment description including investment costs. Financial calculation and expected investment return was conducted in two variants – without subsidies and including subsidies from Operational Programme Renewable Sources of Energy.
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Heat balance of anaerobic part of sewage treatment plants
Řezáč, Jaroslav ; Beňo, Zdeněk (referee) ; Pěček, Jan (advisor)
This thesis is focused on anaerobic stabilisation of sewage produced by sewage treatment plant. Mesophilic stabilisation was chosen for the sewage treatment plant . In the first chapter, main attention is dedicated to general treatise on sewage treatment plant. Anaerobic process of stabilisation, digestion tank and some of the medium are characterised there. Next chapter is dealing with thermal balance for selected version of sewage stabilisation. A proposal of digestion tank and thermal insulation is also made there. Further, heat exchanger, boiler and combined heat and power unit are projected.
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Use of heat from wastewater
Tlašek, Miroslav ; Vachovec, Roman (referee) ; Hlavínek, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor thesis deals with the problems associated with heat recovery from waste water and energy intensity of wastewater treatment plants. Current technologies allow you to recover heat that was inserted into the hot water. These technologies can be used for small performances in houses and for large building amenities too. It has been shown that by using a heat pump, low-potential heat waste water can be converted into useful heat for heating and hot water. Not only these heat pumps are environmentally friendly environments, but they can also compete with traditional sources of heat. The aim of the study was to describe these technologies and to minimize the energy that is wasted us „will drain into the canal“.
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