National Repository of Grey Literature 46 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
X-ray micro and nano computed tomography of soft tissue
Kavková, Michaela ; Tromba, Giuliana (referee) ; Szabo-Rogers, Heather (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Abstrakt Průmyslová rentgenová počítačová mikro tomografie (mikro CT) je nedestruktivní zobrazovací technika používaná pro vizualizaci vnitřních struktur vzorků a tvorbu přesných 3D modelů. Jádro této práce se zaměřuje na praktickou implementaci průmyslového mikro CT v oblasti biologického výzkumu se zaměřením na zobrazování měkkých tkání. Cílem této práce bylo prozkoumat potenciál mikro CT zobrazování jako nedestruktivní metody pro vizualizaci měkkých tkání a navrhnout komplexní metodiku pro přípravu vzorků a analýzu získaných dat ve specializovaných programech. Na příkladu případových studií jsou prezentovány aplikace mikro CT zobrazování v různorodých oblastech výzkumu vývojové biologie, poskytující metodologii pro přesnou 3D analýzu vybraných struktur. V závěru práce je diskutován potenciál zobrazování průmyslovým mikro CT v biologickém výzkumu, zaměřeným na schopnosti identifikovat anatomické struktury, sledovat vývojové procesy a zlepšit naše chápání komplexních biologických systémů.
Optimization of tomographic station GE phoenix adjustment for plastic components including metal parts
Starý, Přemysl ; Petrilak, Michal (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
X-ray computed tomography is a tool mostly used in a medical diagnosis. A development of the technique and an improvement an in accuracy of tomographic systems enabled an utilization of the tomography in industrial applications. The tomography allows non-destructive analysis of inner structure. There is a negative influence of a reconstructed area if a low-absorption and high-absorption materials are scanned together. This influence makes analysis of the inner structure impossible. There are two options to eliminate these artifacts. We can use algorithms to reduce metal artifacts, or we can try to avoid them when performing the scan. This bachelor thesis focuses on an optimization of tomographic station adjustment for the plastic components including metal parts. The effect of an usage of X-ray filter or collimator and effect of a sample orientation on data quality will be observed. We use tools like contrast, noise and edge sharpness to evaluate data quality.
Utilisation of phase contrast in X-ray computed tomography
Kalasová, Dominika ; Švéda,, Libor (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
X-ray computed tomography is a nondestructive method for 3D imaging of inner structure of objects; it is, however, restricted by absorption properties of materials. With phase contrast imaging, observation of samples with low absorption or with parts with similar absorption becomes possible. For a long time, phase contrast imaging has been restricted to synchrotron radiation sources or special techniques due to requirement of spatial coherence of radiation. Along with recent development of X-ray micro and nanofocus tubes and X-ray detectors a phase contrast imaging becomes available also with laboratory sources. In this work an overview of phase contrast imaging methods is given, with an emphassis on propagation based method. Examples of this method and application of phase retrieval algorithm on samples from RIGAKU Nano3DX and GE phoenix v|tome|x L240 stations within Laboratory of X-ray micro and nanotomography CEITEC BUT are shown.
X-ray computed tomography of cartilage tissue of embryos
Tesařová, Markéta ; Křivánek,, Jan (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Research of the cartilage is standardly realized by optical microscopy on histological slices. However, for better understanding of shape-organizing processes, imaging in 3D is required. This thesis deals with X-ray computed tomography of mouse embryos. Specifically, it focuses on visualization of craniofacial cartilage. The thesis summarizes the basic principles of X-ray computed tomography. Short research study dealing with staining of soft tissues for X-ray is also provided. The procedure of implementation of the tomographic measurement of mouse embryos stained by PTA is described. This procedure includes the staining protocol, fixing the sample and setting of the CT machine. Subsequent segmentation and creating of a 3D model of cartilage is also desribed. Results for every step of this procedure are demonstrated at the mouse embryos of developmental stage from 12.5 to 17.5 days. In order to improve data quality and standardization of the whole process, parameters of X-ray tube and temperature conditions during the tomographic measurement are explored. Finally, resulting models of craniofacial cartilage are shown with the possibility of subsequent analysis.
Data processing for tomographic reconstruction
Dospiva, Jindřich ; Žídek, Jan (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
This thesis deal with data processing from x-ray tomographic system. The primary focus is put on the description of projection refining taking place before tomographic reconstruction. The particular method for data processing from system Nano3DX is also suggested. It uses open software ASTRA tomography toolbox, which enable executing of tomographic reconstruction on the graphics card in MATLAB environment. There is also used correction for sample movement, denoising algorithm in projections and calculation the centre of rotation. Results of proposed procedure are demonstrated on tomographic data from measured samples and compared with processing software from the manufacturer.
Determination of device geometrical misalignments influence on dimensional measurements in X-ray microcomputed tomography
Blažek, Pavel ; Klapetek, Petr (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Tato práce se zabývá geometrickými nepřesnostmi v geometrii rentgenového počítačového tomografu (CT přístroj). Především jejich vlivem na výsledky metrologických měření a metodami kterými lze tyto negativní efekty eliminovat. V práci jsou prezentovány výsledky simulací CT měření v softwaru aRTist při kterých byli nastavovány nepřesnosti v pozici detektoru a osy rotace vzorku. Ukazuje se tak, které geometrické faktory mají na měření největší vliv. Praktická část se pak zabývá CT přístrojem HeliScan, který využívá unikátní rekonstrukční algoritmus k eliminaci geometrických nepřesností. Jsou vyvinuty referenční objekty (pláty s rubínovými kuličkami a zirkonová koule), které splňují požadavky normy VDI/VDE 2630 1.3. na testování metrologických schopností přístroje. Objekty vhodné pro měření ve větším zorném polem byly vyrobeny, zkalibrovány a otestovány v CT měření.
Tomographic measurement of industrial parts at temperature below freezing point
Šárközi, Rudolf ; Oberta,, Peter (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
X-ray computed tomography presents and ultimate for non-destructive investigation of objects. Under normal circumstances is the object placed on stage and the temperature of the object is defined by ambient air. However there are also cases when observation at freezing or high temperatures is needed to reveal thermal stability of observed object. Naturally the size of used tomography equipment and the object just like form of cooling or heating are subjected to final design. This work provides a summary of used methods for temperature controlled tomography. Furthermore handles about design of cooling chamber capable to reach -40°C by preserving relative high X-ray transparency. As an addition that showed up as a response to additional requirements is here presented a heating chamber, in which the object can be maintained at 80°C . All test and scans were carried out on GE phoenix v|tome|x L240 industrial computed tomography scanner.
Mathematical Methods for Image Processing in Biological Observations
Zikmund, Tomáš ; doc. RNDr.Petr Matula, Ph.D. (referee) ; Krejčí, František (referee) ; Chmelík, Radim (advisor)
The dissertation deals with the image processing in digital holographic microscopy and X-ray computed tomography. The focus of the work lies in the proposal of data processing techniques to meet the needs of the biological experiments. Transmitted light holographic microscopy is particularly used for quantitative phase imaging of transparent microscopic objects such as living cells. The phase images are affected by the phase aberrations that make the analysis particularly difficult. Here, we present a novel algorithm for dynamical processing of living cells phase images in a time-lapse sequence. The algorithm compensates for the deformation of a phase image using weighted least squares surface fitting. Moreover, it identifies and segments the individual cells in the phase image. This property of the algorithm is important for real-time cell quantitative phase imaging and instantaneous control of the course of the experiment. The efficiency of the propounded algorithm is demonstrated on images of rat fibrosarcoma cells using an off-axis holographic microscope. High resolution X-ray computed tomography is increasingly used technique for the study of the small rodent bones micro-structure. In this part of the work, the trabecular and cortical bone morphology is assessed in the distal half of rat femur. We developed new method for mapping the cortical position and dimensions from a central longitudinal axis with one degree angular resolution. This method was used to examine differences between experimental groups. The bone position in tomographic slices is aligned before the mapping using the propound standardization procedure. The activity of remodelling process of the long bone is studied on the system of cortical canals.
X-ray computed tomography analysis of mouse embryonic heart
Dobrovodská, Daniela ; Oberta, Peter (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
Rentgenová počítačová tomografie je univerzální technika umožňující nedestruktivní trojrozměrné (3D) zobrazování. Je široce používána v průmyslu pro metrologii a charakterizaci materiálů. V poslední době našla svůj význam také v biologii a vývojové vědě, kde 3D rekonstruovaná data poskytují komplexnější informace o vzorku než konvenční 2D zobrazovací metody. Kromě toho může vytvářet vysoce kvalitní snímky různých biologických vzorků. Překážkou při zobrazování biologických vzorků může být velmi podobný koeficient útlumu měkkých tkání, a proto je nutné použít barvení chemickou látkou. Tato práce si klade za cíl pomocí mikropočítačové tomografie vizualizovat a kvalitativně vyhodnotit srdce embryonálních myší E17.5 a představit nejlepší barvící protokol. Dále byla zavedena metodika pro zvýraznění rozdílů mezi myší divokého typu a mutantem. Rigaku nano 3DX byl použit pro experimenty s mezi-komorovou přepážkou myšího srdce a po nastavení specifických parametrů zařízení byl použit algoritmus pro zvýraznění fáze. Nakonec byla provedena validace $\mu$ CT dat se snímkami z konfokálního mikroskopu.
Evaluation of dental pulp treatment based on the X-ray micro computed tomography
Břínek, Adam ; Jiřík, Radovan (referee) ; Zikmund, Tomáš (advisor)
This work deals with processing and analysis of micro-CT images of dental-canals filled by~two materials (AH-plus and NaMPC). For that reason, six dog-teeth were scanned in the X-Ray Micro CT Research Lab. The main aim was to produce an algorithm (in Matlab) that evaluates the quality of filling of dental canals (quality of filling materials). The algorithm performs the segmentation of dental canals and calculates their borders. Also, the algorithm measures the percentage contacts of filling materials with dental walls. Moreover, the algorithm provides masks of dental canals according to requirements of the commercial program VG Studio, that evaluates the porosity of filling materials. The results of percentage contacts and porosities show on not-remarkable differences of tested filling materials.

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