National Repository of Grey Literature 30 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Assessment of ecosystem functions of urban greenery
Zemek, František ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Pavelka, Marian ; Zapletal, Miloš ; Kokrda, Lukas ; Novotný, Jan ; Duchková, Helena ; Vačkářová, Davina ; Foltýnová, Lenka ; Cudlín, Pavel ; Kolařík, J. ; Holešová, H. ; Mácová, Kateřina ; Chalupová, O. ; Vojáčková, B. ; Mikulášek, J.
The methodology brings about new and practical approaches in assessment of five ecosystem functions and services of town greenery. It covers four regulation functions (microclimate regulation, carbon sequestration, pollution and noise reduction) and one information function (aesthetic and cultural-recreation). The calculus is based on a single greenery object evaluation using simplified biophysical and statistic models, however complying with all natural principles. The models utilize data standardly available in urban greenery passports and those which are accessible via map servers, e.g. meteorological situation and sociodemographic conditions.
System of natural fire risk indicators (verification of various risk assessment procedures occurrence of natural fires) including instructions for the use of the integrated forecast system
Trnka, Miroslav ; Čermák, Petr ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Brovkina, Olga ; Zemek, František ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Skalák, Petr ; Bláhová, Monika ; Jurečka, František ; Janouš, Dalibor ; Žalud, Zdeněk ; Marek, Michal V. ; Cienciala, Emil ; Beranová, J. ; Zatloukal, V. ; Albert, J. ; Tumajer, J. ; Možný, M. ; Hájková, L. ; Chuchma, F.
The presented methodology represents an improvement of the currently used system of wildfire monitoring and forecast. Based on extensive testing, it defines two fire weather indices. The method shows how the combination of both indices can lead to robust fire risk estimates. Both indices were uset to generate a forecast of fire weather, but also to quantify th erelationship between the frequency of favorable conditions for the occurrence of natural fires and their observed numbers, in several time steps (from 1 day to the entire season) The methodology has been implemented within the www. firerisk.cz portal, where it serves as a tool for operational fire risk forecasting. The text of the methodology therefore contains instructions for using the menthodology therefore contains instructions for using the firerick.cz portal. Great attention is paid in the methodology to the aspect of climate change and estimating the impact of this phenomenon on the frequency of wildfires in the Czech republic.
Recommended adaptation and mitigation measures in risk areas of natural occurrence fires in the light of the changing climate
Trnka, Miroslav ; Čermák, Petr ; Kudláčková, Lucie ; Balek, Jan ; Semerádová, Daniela ; Brovkina, Olga ; Zemek, František ; Štěpánek, Petr ; Zahradníček, Pavel ; Bláhová, Monika ; Cienciala, Emil ; Beranová, J. ; Zatloukal, V. ; Albert, J. ; Tumajer, J. ; Možný, M. ; Hájková, L. ; Chuchma, F.
The methodology formulates graded adaptation and mitigation measures to mitigate fire risk and spread fire in the countryside (forest and agricultural land). To this end, a variant assessment procedure is presented fire risk according to the user's data capabilities. The algorithmization of fire risk in forests is based on forest typology to assess habitats, and adds forest vegetation characteristics. On agricultural Soil agronomic factors include crop type, cover cover, habitat and water characteristics regime. For both territorial categories, the expected impacts of climate change on fire risk are given habitat in the medium term (by 2050). Methodology in conclusion on a case study demonstrates the possibilities of using the model tool FlamMap for the analysis of fire characteristics.
Creating of variable rate application maps based on the mapping of spatial variability of soil agrochemical properties and crop yield heterogeneity
Lukas, V. ; Neudert, L. ; Širůček, P. ; Kraus, M. ; Novák, J. ; Mezera, J. ; Zemek, František ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Žížala, D.
The methodology describes how to create application maps based on digital soil mapping and soil sampling results and how to determine the dose of variable rate application of fertilizer addressed to spatial variability of nutrient content in soil and crop yields within the field. It includes also the results of a comparison of these procedures with respect to the total amount of fertilizer applied and the occuracy of the dose distribution across the fields.
Assessment of the Estimates of Sun-induced Fluorescence in large masses of Vegetation
Rodriguez-Moreno, Fernando ; Zemek, František ; Pikl, Miroslav
The remote estimation of the sun-induced fluorescence has been successful in fields in which, in addition to the measurements for the verification, there is also a detailed characterization\nof the atmosphere, besides being an optimal environment, flat surface without interferences. Revealing the fluorescence is a process of precision because the minimum error tolerated forces each element of the chain to fulfill its function exactly and consistently. The detailed monitoring of a flight line is not feasible, hence the uncertainty in this process and the reason for the series of publications with the new estimation of fluorescence.
Spatial heterogeneity of selected soil properties assessed from airborne imaging spectroscopy and satellite imagery data
Zemek, František ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Lukas, Vojtěch ; Ždímal, V. ; Kraus, M. ; Širůček, P.
The methodology aims at presenting new and economically efficient approaches to assessment of spatial heterogeneity of selected properties of bare soils. There are three key features the authors paid attention: 1/the simplicity in usage with keeping sufficient accuracy, 2/data availability, 3/economic aspects allowing application to many users. The methodology covers two complementary parts. The first one gives an overview of laboratory and field soil spectroscopy. It is followed by a detail description of practical application of airborne hyperspectral and satellite multispectral data in assessment of spatial heterogeneity of bare soils. All applied methods have been developed and tested on scale of medium size farm.
Numerical Methods of Image Analysis in Astrometry
Honková, Michaela ; Martišek, Dalibor (referee) ; Zemek, František (referee) ; Druckmüller, Miloslav (advisor)
Velmi přesná následná astrometrie je nezbytným předpokladem sledování blízkozemních objektů, které mohou představovat riziko srážky se Zemí. Tato práce přináší ucelený přehled přesné astrometrie, obsahuje potřebnou matematickou teorii, postup předzpracování snímků v astronomii, a nastiňuje použití filtrů. Navrhuje nové metody pro vyrovnání pozadí snímků před provedením astrometrického měření pro případ, kdy nejsou dostupné kalibrační snímky. Tyto metody jsou založeny na vytvoření syntetického flatfieldu pomocí aplikování filtru na snímek a následné užití tohoto flatfieldu pro odstranění pozadí snímku. Metody byly otestovány na vzorových snímcích a vzápětí použity k získání astrometrických pozic prvního mezihvězdného objektu 1I/2017 U1 ('Oumuamua).
Methods for identification of vulnerable zones for nitrogen leaching in arable land
Zemek, František ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Holub, Petr ; Klem, Karel ; Záhora, J. ; Vavříková, J.
The methodology demonstrates on the case study of a catchment (cca 200 km2 in size) how to identify the areas with high risk of nitrogen (N) leaching to underground water in arable land. It uses synergy between “conservative” characteristics of the catchment, such as orographic features, bedrock and soil hydrological properties, and the dynamic ones, which are represented by vegetation properties. The latter are identified through the imaging spectroscopy of wheat canopy obtained from airborne hyperspectral and/or Sentinel-2 multispectral data.
New Approaches in Airborne Thermal Image Processing for Landscape Assessment
Pivovarník, Marek ; Pokorný,, Jan (referee) ; Štarha, Pavel (referee) ; Zemek, František (advisor)
Letecká termální hyperspektrální data přinášejí řadu informací o teplotě a emisivitě zemského povrchu. Při odhadování těchto parametrů z dálkového snímání tepelného záření je třeba řešit nedourčený systém rovnic. Bylo navrhnuto několik přístupů jak tento problém vyřešit, přičemž nejrozšířenější je algoritmus označovaný jako Temperature and Emissivity Separation (TES). Tato práce má dva hlavní cíle: 1) zlepšení algoritmu TES a 2) jeho implementaci do procesingového řetězce pro zpracování obrazových dat získaných senzorem TASI. Zlepšení algoritmu TES je možné dosáhnout nahrazením používaného modulu normalizování emisivity (tzv. Normalized Emissivity Module) částí, která je založena na vyhlazení spektrálních charakteristik nasnímané radiance. Nový modul je pak označen jako Optimized Smoothing for Temperature Emissivity Separation (OSTES). Algoritmus OSTES je připojen k procesingovému řetězci pro zpracování obrazových dat ze senzoru TASI. Testování na simulovaných datech ukázalo, že použití algoritmu OSTES vede k přesnějším odhadům teploty a emisivity. OSTES byl dále testován na datech získaných ze senzorů ASTER a TASI. V těchto případech však není možné pozorovat výrazné zlepšení z důvodu nedokonalých atmosférických korekcí. Nicméně hodnoty emisivity získané algoritmem OSTES vykazují více homogenní vlastnosti než hodnoty ze standardního produktu senzoru ASTER.
A methodology for assessing the impact of cattle grazing on soil properties, water quality and quantity, plant and invertebrates diversity
Fučík, P. ; Zemek, František ; Hakrová, P. ; Svobodová, M. ; Zajíček, A. ; Šlachta, M. ; Pikl, Miroslav ; Duffková, R. ; Mrkvička, J. ; Bystřický, V. ; Procházka, J. ; Skalický, M. ; Holubík, O. ; Moravcová, J. ; Novotný, Jan ; Skalická, J. ; Peterková, J. ; Musil, M. ; Šantrůček, J. ; Matoušková, V. ; Brom, J. ; Hanuš, Jan ; Novotná, K. ; Huislová, P.
This methodology introduces the approaches for assessment of soil, water, plant, forage and invertebrates characteristics of pastures as influenced by cattle grazing. These parameters are necessary to observe and evaluate in order to set the optimal grazing management of pastures for support of the sustainable land use and for mitigating the negative impacts of agriculture on the environment. Moreover, the proper management of pastures enables to improve livestock welfare, market challenges of foods, and strenghten and diversify various activities in rural areas. For the assessment of grazing-induced changes of aforementioned parameters, the focus is oriented towards different pasture geomorphological / hillslope zones, where grazing may exhibit in a distinct manner. The approaches are postponed based on literature survey as well as on knowledge acquired during a multi-branch research project. The methodology shows the principles for monitoring and evaluation of parameters regarding soil physics and chemistry, water quality and quantity, plant diversity and forage quality and ecology of selected invertebrate species. Beside this, approaches for application and interpretation of remote sensing methods and tools for detecting the changes in plant and soil pasture characteristics are introduced and discussed. The methodics is targeted on one hand for specialist from state administration offices (Ministry of Agriculture, Ministry of the Environment) as a background for evaluation of the effectiveness of subsidy programmes focused on grazing management. On the other hand, the approaches described in the methodics can serve the experts for an integrated assessment of grazing management on various pasture parameters or on the environment. The novelty of the methodics lies in the multi-level approach, which enables to assess the pasture parameters both individually or jointly, according to their mutual interrelatons and possible driving factors.

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15 ZEMEK, František
2 Zemek, Filip
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