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Identification of Sources of Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbons in Central Europe.
Lhotka, Radek ; Pokorná, Petra ; Zíková, Naděžda
This study evaluates the trends and sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) monitored at National atmospheric observatory Košetice (NAOK), a rural background site. In total, 14 PAH concentrations in particulate matter (PM10) between 2006 and 2016 were evaluated. The highest concentrations of all PAH were measured at the beginning of the study period, in 2006. The positive matrix factorization (EPA PMF 5.0) was used to determine the sources of PAH at NAOK, with three factors resolved. The probable origin areas of PMF factors were identified by Conditional Bivariate Probability Function method (CBPF) and Potential Source Contribution Function method (PSCF) methods. NAOK is affected by local sources of PAH, as well as by regional and long-range transport.
Fulltext: content.csg -  PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22019110511050 - PDF
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Changes in snowpack in the czech mountains during the last 50 years
Zuzáková, Eliška ; Pokorná, Lucie (advisor) ; Zíková, Naděžda (referee)
This work focuses on the progressive development of snow cover in the last fifty years in Krkonoše, Jizerské mountains and Šumava regions. According to scientific papers and studies, a decrease of snow or snow precipitation is observed on some areas. Snow is an essential part of the natural hydrological cycle and the climate system. The review is focused on the climate changes in the Czech republic, snow and its characteristics. The practical part containes an analysis of the meteorological data from selected stations and the discussion of the snow cover changes during the period 1964-2014. Key words: Czech republic, number of days with snow cover, snow depth
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Source apportionment of PAH in middle Europe
Lhotka, Radek ; Zíková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Mikeš, Ondřej (referee)
The diploma thesis deals with the determination of sources of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH) and the changes in the PAH concentrations during the last 11 years, from 2006 to 2016. The data were sampled at National Atmospheric Observatory in Košetice, a representative station for the Central European Region. Multidimensional statistical methods as Positive Matrix Factorization (PMF), conditional bivariate probability function (CBPF), and Potential Source Contribution Function (PSCF) were used for data analyses. In the first part, the changes in concentrations of the four specific PAH, Benzo(a)pyrene (BaP), Fluoranthene (FLA), the sums of all the PAH (SUMA), and the Toxical Equivalent (TEQ) was studied. The highest concentration of all four specific PAH was detected at the beginning of the studied period. The immission limit for BaP was not exceeded. Statistically significant decreasing trend for BaP, TEQ, and SUMA PAH was identified. Second part of the thesis studied the PAH source apportionment. The study proved that the station was strongly influenced by the local domestic heating on one hand, and long-distance transportation from the west, and specifically from the northwest on the other hand. The influence of long-distance transport has an increasing trend over time, vice-versa for the...
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Cloud Processing of Atmospheric Aerosol Spectra.
Zíková, Naděžda ; Pokorná, Petra ; Pešice, Petr ; Sedlák, Pavel ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Atmospheric aerosol (AA), and its influence on the cloud formation, lifetime and other properties, remains the most uncertain (with low confidence level) element in the IPCC radiative forcing estimations (Stocker et al., 2013). The AA, however, is influenced by the cloud processing as well (Collett et al., 2008., Zíková and Ždímal, 2016). Cloud processing of AA (and vice versa) can be described on fogs, or on low clouds present at a suitable station. An example of such a station is Milešovka, where fog is present for almost 55 % of the time (Fišák et al., 2009), giving a great opportunity to explore the changes in the particle size distributions due to the cloud processing.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22018110212450 - PDF
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Comparison of Atmospheric Aerosol Volatility at a Rural Site in Central Europe.
Kubelová, Lucie ; Vodička, Petr ; Makeš, Otakar ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ondráček, Jakub ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Ždímal, Vladimír
Volatility is an important characteristic of atmospheric aerosols as it affects their origin, lifetime and removal. Accurate description of aerosol volatilities is important for models calculating condensation of semi-volatile species and it also enables better identification of aerosol sources (Wu et al., 2009). However, our understanding of volatilities of organic atmospheric aerosols and the related processes is still rather poor (Han et al., 2016.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103113060 - PDF
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Transformation of Aerosol Particles during Transport from Outdoor to Indoor Environment.
Ondráček, Jakub ; Talbot, Nicholas ; Kubelová, Lucie ; Makeš, Otakar ; Cusack, Michael ; Schwarz, Jaroslav ; Vodička, Petr ; Zíková, Naděžda ; Ždímal, Vladimír
One summer (2014) and one winter (2015) campaign (both lasting three weeks) were conducted to assess the indoor/outdoor physical and chemical properties of aerosol in an unoccupied apartment. The main purpose of these campaigns was to observe the changes in aerosol particles before and after their transport from outdoors to indoors. The most important parameter – the I/O ratio was obtained from indoor/outdoor measurements of aerosol number size distribution as well as chemical composition. The I/O ratios can reveal the changes in particle size and physicochemical characteristics indoors in relation to the size distribution and chemical composition outdoors, and physical parameters such as wind speed, temperature, and RH.
Fulltext: content.csg - PDF
Plný tet: SKMBT_C22017103110370 - PDF
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New low-cost polutant sensor evaluation
Sinkulová, Michaela ; Zíková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Hovorka, Jan (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the introduction and subsequent comparison of low-cost sensors measuring air pollutants, which were used in the Citi-sense project in Ostrava. The results of the measurements carried out in the period from 1st June 2015 to 7th September 2015, are compared with reference data measured by the Czech hydrometeorological institute during the same period. The data are analyzed to provide the basis for further research into low-cost devices monitoring air pollution. Basic parameters such as average values, correlation coefficient, slope of linear regression, reproducibility of results, RMSE, and weekly and daily cycle are calculated for all measured pollutants (O3, CO, NOx, NO2, NO, PM10). The results are graphically illustrated and commented. The thesis also discusses the concordance of concentrations measured by the sensors with the data from the reference instruments, and the use of these new sensors in air quality monitoring in the future. Key words: Low-cost sensors, pollutants, air pollution monitoring methods
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Aerosol light scattering measurements
Novotná, Nikola ; Zíková, Naděžda (advisor) ; Klán, Miroslav (referee)
This master thesis analyses light scattering on atmospheric aerosols, which has been measured at Košetice observatory in Pelhřimov region since 2012. In the thesis, data are processed for period from 1. 1. 2014 to 31. 12. 2015 which provide representative values of scattering and backscattering light measurement. Angstroem exponent was calculated based on which data corrections were performed. Data were processed using hour steps and compared with meteorological and emissions concentrations data. Correlations were calculated and regressions models estimated in order to verify correctness of measurement and to explore impact of meteorological conditions and emissions concentrations PM2,5 and PM10 on scattering coefficients. Performed analyses imply, that light scattering is higher for higher concentrations of PM2,5 and PM10 and for higher relative air humidity and lower for higher outdoor temperature, total precipitations, and wind speed. In addition, it was showed that light scattering is influenced by wind direction, which determines compositions of aerosols in the sample. Key words: atmospheric aerosol, light scattering, time series evaluation
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