National Repository of Grey Literature 8 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Demonstration of Acute Interfetal Transfusion of Monochorionic Twins
Hašlík, Lubomír ; Krofta, Ladislav (advisor) ; Ľubušký, Marek (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Introduction: Thanks to shared circulation in monochorionic twins, single intrauterine fetal death (IUD) may lead to acute feto-fetal transfusion (FFTR). The objective of the study was to describe our model of FFTR simulation after IUD in monochorionic (MC) twins. Methods: Prospective study analyzed 99 fresh MC placentas with the physiological course. A specially designed protocol was used for the preparation and analysis of the placentas. A pair of infusion sets fixed together using a mechanical mercury sphygmomanometer cuff was connected to the cannulated umbilical arteries. The tonometer was pressurized up to 30 and 40 mmHg. A positive finding of FFTR was determined as the amount exceeding 1 ml of dye flowed out of the umbilical cord simulating a dead fetus. The number and types of anastomoses, types, and distances between cords insertions, and the size of the placental areas for each fetus were also statistically analyzed. The placental angioarchitecture with and without proven FFTR was statistically compared, odds ratio (OR) and multivariable logistic analysis were performed. Results: A total of 49/99 (49.5%) cases of FFTR was proven, and the average transfusion time of 1 ml was 30 s (19-46 s). FFTR was present in 49/78 (62.8%) of placentas with arterio-arterial (A-A) anastomosis. The median...
Antibiotic prophylaxis of extensive obstetric perineal injuries repair
Menzlová, Erika ; Záhumenský, Jozef (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee)
Objective Our aim was to compare two regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury. Benefit of long regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis in comparison with short regimen of antibiotic administration haven't been till now proven. Material and Methods Women who gave vaginal birth in department of gynaecology and obstetrics of the First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Hospital Bulovka from 1.1.2008 to 30.6.2013 and who sustained third - or fourth - degree perineal tears have been enrolled in our trial. All women who fulfilled trial criteria received at the time of repair antibiotic prophylaxis which was cefuroxim (second - generation cephalosporin). This antibiotic has good sensitivity to vaginal gram-positive flora and to rectal gram-negative microorganisms too. Suture technique and following postpartum care have been standardized. All enrolled women were checked 2 weeks and 3 months after delivery. We evaluated subjective and objective parameters of healing of the obstetric perineal injury and 3 months postpartum we looked for symptomps regarding anal incontinence. The Manchester questionnaire was used for evaluation of anal incontince occurance. Results Incidence of third - and fourth - degree perineal tears was 1,4 % during period of our...
Technical Aspects of the Second Stage of Labor
Karbanová, Jaroslava ; Kališ, Vladimír (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Obstetrical intervantion`s goal is to normalize an abnormal or pathological course of labour. In a certain case (e.g. fetal distress) this is not fully achievable. Then the goal is to accelerate the delivery without inadequate increase of risk of maternal or neonatal trauma. The aim of this dizertation thesis was to offer an up-to-date definition and to outline a proper performance of these interventions. Therefore, it was necessary to properly and timely describe the labour layout in which the accoucheur and/or the parturient happen to occurr when an intervention is to take place. It was essential to describe the quantity of perineal loading as well as to define the main vector of perineal strain and deformation. Based on the range of this deformation it was subsequently possible to adequately describe and execute some obstetrical interventions (e.g. a variety of types of episiotomy) or to evaluate a variety of modifications by means of computational modelling (e.g. manual perineal protection) that might have so tiny nuances between each other or differences that are difficult to measure because the clinical evaluation is impossible due to interindividual imprecision or very short duration of the intervention. We described the maximum strain on the perineal surface during vaginal delivery that...
Infection-related Intra-amniotic Complications in Women with Preterm Prelabor Rupture of Membranes
Štěpán, Martin ; Kacerovský, Marian (advisor) ; Ľubušký, Marek (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Preterm prelabor rupture of membranes before 37. weeks of gestation (PPROM) is responsible for approximately one third of all preterm deliveries. Infection-related complications in PPROM are represented by the presence of microbial invasion of the amniotic cavity (MIAC), intra-amniotic inflammation (IAI) and histological chorioamnionitis (HCA). The presence of these complications is found in approximately 20-50% of all cases of PPROM and is associated with worse neonatal outcomes. The first specific aim was to evaluate whether maternal serum CRP has a diagnostic value for diagnosis of MIAC and HCA. The study population consisted 386 women. CRP level was the highest in PPROM pregnancies complicated with MIAC and HCA. The second specific aim was to evaluate short-term neonatal outcome in women with PPROM before 34 weeks of gestation. The study population consisted 122 women with PPROM at gestation age 24+0 -34+0 weeks. In neonates was evaluated the influence of MIAC and HCA on neonatal outcome. The presence of both MIAC and HCA increased the risk of early onset sepsis. The third and fourth specific aim was evaluation of an association between periodontal status and infection-related intra-amniotic complications in pregnancies complicated by PPROM and/or evaluation of association between the local...
Sonographic characteristics of the abdomen within 6 weeks following cesarean section
Dosedla, Erik ; Calda, Pavel (advisor) ; Kacerovský, Marian (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Caesarean section is one of the most frequently performed surgery in medicine. The Cesarean section scar in the uterus can lead to a number of pathological conditions which affect the women reproductive health. In industrialized countries, this issue relates to at least 30% of women, which means that it is a major medical problem. Ultrasound examination of the uterus after Cesarean section includes some specific features, resulting from the rapidly changing dimensions of the uterus, as well as from patient compliance in early puerperium. When dealing with postpartum complications, it is necessary to know the normal ultrasound findings and the dynamic changes of the uterus during puerperium, so that we can better distinguish between the pathological course and the normal course of puerperium. The clinical significance of ultrasound assessment of uterine size and area of the scar after Caesarean section during the postpartum is not yet adequately described. The knowledge of normal ultrasound findings in the uterus after Caesarean section could be helpful in choosing the right treatment in severe cases. We were watching the clinical outcomes of treatment of abnormal Cesarean section scars after their laparoscopic reconstruction. In our study, we have shown that the examination of uterus in early...
Risk factors influencing incidence and seriousness of infection complications after cesarean section
Gregor, Miroslav ; Košťál, Milan (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Záhumenský, Jozef (referee)
Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate the incidence of post-cesarean infections at the Department of Gynaecology and Obstetrics at the University Hospital in Hradec Kralove, including spectrum and seriousness of infections. And to identify independent risk factors for infections. In Czech republic, no study have been conducted on post-cesarean infections. Methods: Prospective descriptive clinical study. 357 consecutive women had cesarean section from January to June 2013 (32%). 13 women with the presence of any infection before an operation, and 45 lost women were excluded from the study. A total of 299 women were included in the study. Prophylactic antibiotics were given to all women. Cases of post- cesarean infections were verified by chart review using the definitions from the Center for Disease Control, Atlanta, USA, as an infection occurring within 30 days after a surgical procedure. Comparisons between groups were obtained by Fisher's exact test. Significant association was defined as a p-value of less than 0.05. Results are reported with 95% confidence interval. Results: Of 299 women having cesarean section, 10 women (3,3%) had a post-cesarean infections. Nine women had a surgical site infection and one woman had an urinary tract infection. The incidence of surgical site...
Antibiotic prophylaxis of extensive obstetric perineal injuries repair
Menzlová, Erika ; Záhumenský, Jozef (advisor) ; Procházka, Martin (referee) ; Roztočil, Aleš (referee)
Objective Our aim was to compare two regimens of antibiotic prophylaxis at the time of repair of obstetric anal sphincter injury. Benefit of long regimen of antibiotic prophylaxis in comparison with short regimen of antibiotic administration haven't been till now proven. Material and Methods Women who gave vaginal birth in department of gynaecology and obstetrics of the First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University and Hospital Bulovka from 1.1.2008 to 30.6.2013 and who sustained third - or fourth - degree perineal tears have been enrolled in our trial. All women who fulfilled trial criteria received at the time of repair antibiotic prophylaxis which was cefuroxim (second - generation cephalosporin). This antibiotic has good sensitivity to vaginal gram-positive flora and to rectal gram-negative microorganisms too. Suture technique and following postpartum care have been standardized. All enrolled women were checked 2 weeks and 3 months after delivery. We evaluated subjective and objective parameters of healing of the obstetric perineal injury and 3 months postpartum we looked for symptomps regarding anal incontinence. The Manchester questionnaire was used for evaluation of anal incontince occurance. Results Incidence of third - and fourth - degree perineal tears was 1,4 % during period of our...

See also: similar author names
5 Zahumenský, Jakub
5 Záhumenský, Jakub
2 Záhumenský, Josef
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