|
|
The role of private security companies in conflict resolution in Africa
Volencová, Ivana ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ludvík, Zdeněk (referee)
This thesis concentrates on the topic of private military companies in the relation to their activities within conflict resolution in four selected African countries - Somalia, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Côte D'Ivoire. The main goal of this thesis is to chart their activities in three areas - within peacekeeping operations, in peacebuilding and within the efforts to maintain stability - and by comparison of collected data for each case study evaluate within which phase of conflict resolution they operate most frequently. At the same time the attempt of this thesis is to identify services that are desired most during conflict resolution process in Africa and examine the possibility that private military companies came through some changes since 1990. In order to gain relevant data for the comparison, technical texts and collected data analysis is being carried out. Keywords security, private military companies, privatization, peacekeeping, peacebuilding
|
|
|
Congo War and Power Politics in Central Africa
Michalek, Tomáš ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ujfaluši, Marcel (referee)
The aim of this paper is to describe power in Central Africa in terms of actors and aspects. In order to find out who has the power and what it is like, the matrix of aims, strategies and results is used. The argument is that the state which is able to change aims into results has the power. Herein, it should be mentioned that the Congo conflict is not just one war; it is a complex of interrelated wars and disputes. Nevertheless, the analysis is centred at the state level of the conflict. The aspects of civil and local wars are neglected here; however, they cannot be totally ignored. At first, theoretical and historical backgrounds to the conflict are described. Here, the clientelism is central to very African system of power. Then, the politico-military, economic and diplomatic/intemational aspects of the second Congo war are analysed. The findings are that Angola due to its military strength and pragmatic aims is the main power in Central Africa. The second most powerful country in the region is Rwanda, whose military aims and strategies were, however, unfitted to its potential resources. These two states are able to control the African clientelism most accurately. On the other side, Uganda and Zimbabwe were not. In terms of other states, no one was able to influence the course of the second Congo war....
|
|
|
Security Complex of African Great Lakes
Pfeifer, Tomáš ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Záhořík, Jan (referee)
The thesis focuses on analysis of causes of armed conflicts within security complex of the African Great Lakes region. Explored period is situated between 1990 and present. The major part of text is devoted concrete analysis of causes of conflicts according to sector approach. The thesis attempts to describe main causal frameworks of conflicts within researched area eventually to find some their common features.
|
|
|
Africa: clash of two hegemons?
Dunajová, Alžběta ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Oklešťková, Ivana (referee)
On the base of the theoretical concept of hegemony, the work tries to discover whether the United States and China can be considered a leaving, respectively rising hegemonic power in Africa. The theoretical part is based on the conception of hegemony by Immanuel Wallerstein and Robert Gilpin and sets an analytic framework for the identification of four groups of indicators - political, economic, military and cultural ones. The results of the research confirmed China as a rising hegemon and United States as an actual hegemonic power in Africa.
|
|
|
Effectiveness of Danish development aid to Ghana
Kotová, Dagmar ; Kučerová, Irah (advisor) ; Werkman, Kateřina (referee)
Diploma thesis "Effectiveness of Danish development aid to Ghana" deals with effectiveness of Danish development aid which is defined in close relation to the concept of sustainable development. The chosen approach for analysis is empirical-analytical methodology. The thesis starts with analysing Danish development concepts in order to point out the size of influence of the main actors of Danish development aid during procedure of their creation. Forementioned analysis is followed by comparison of the main principles of the concept of sustainable development and important objectives of analysed Danish concepts. This part is important for giving reader the main links between chosen concept of sustainable development and Danish development strategies. Final part of the thesis measures the aid effectiveness of Danish strategies for Ghana, based on Joint Evaluation findings with particular interest in health sector. The effectiveness is measured on the basis of sustainable criterion, which is related to seven factors of the sustainable development.
|
|
|
The power of politics in Central Africa on the backgroung of kongo war
Michalek, Tomáš ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ujfaluši, Marcel (referee)
The aim of this paper is to describe power in Central Africa in terms of actors and aspects. In order to find out who has the power and what it is like, the matrix of aims, strategies and results is used. The argument is that the state which is able to change aims into results has the power. Herein, it should be mentioned that the Congo conflict is not just one war; it is a complex of interrelated wars and disputes. Nevertheless, the analysis is centred at the state level of the conflict. The aspects of civil and local wars are neglected here; however, they cannot be totally ignored. At first, theoretical and historical backgrounds to the conflict are described. Here, the clientelism is central to very African system of power. Then, the politico-military, economic and diplomatic/intemational aspects of the second Congo war are analysed. The findings are that Angola due to its military strength and pragmatic aims is the main power in Central Africa. The second most powerful country in the region is Rwanda, whose military aims and strategies were, however, unfitted to its potential resources. These two states are able to control the African clientelism most accurately. On the other side, Uganda and Zimbabwe were not. In terms of other states, no one was able to influence the course of the second Congo war....
|
|
|
The causes of systemic sexual violence in the armed conflict in the Democratic Republic of Congo
Svobodová, Karolina ; Karásek, Tomáš (advisor) ; Bílková, Veronika (referee) ; Werkman, Kateřina (referee)
Karolina Svobodová The Causes of Sexual Violence in the Armed Conflict in the DRC abstract My dissertation thesis (The Motivations of Sexual Violence in the Democratic Republic of the Congo) is a case study of sexual violence in armed conflict in the DRC examining and analysing the causes of its intensity and extent. The main research questions of the study are: - What are the causes of the systematic sexual violence in the armed conflict in the DRC? - Why sexual violence in the armed conflict in the DRC occurs in the large extent and with high intensity? The research theoretically stems from the constructivism as one of the three main scientific approaches to sexual violence in armed conflicts. Since the constructivism presents male and female identities as social constructs, it seems as the best approach to sexual violence where gender of victims and perpetrators is often generalized by supporters of essentialism. Hence, the inherent neutralism of constructivism makes it very suitable instrument for an empirical research. Further, the study works with combination of feminism, cultural anthropology, and feminist evolutionary psychology in the construtivist framework. This blend may seem incoherent but it allows a complex insight into the issue of sexual violence in the DRC and an interpretation of its...
|
|
|
Mungiki in Kenya: From Religious Movement to Militia
Hausvater, Ervín ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Ludvík, Zdeněk (referee)
Violent non-state actors have represented a significant challenge for both national and international security in recent decades. One of the many countries that have experienced extensive violence perpetrated by these entities is also Kenya. Particularly armed group called Mungiki managed to become influential security, political, criminal and religious actor. Considering frequent transformations of the group making it difficult to determine what type of violent non-state actor Mungiki is, the group still represents a challenging case for researchers to fully comprehend. To contribute to the understanding of this entity and extend contemporary knowledge of violent non-state actors, this study aims to conceptualize individual phases of Mungiki development and discover mechanisms behind its recurrent metamorphoses from one type of violent actor to another. Based on the review of existing literature focused on violent non-state actors, their conceptualization, emergence, and transformations, the thesis uses a case-centric process- tracing method aimed at explaining particular outcomes of individual transformations. The study consists of an in-depth analysis of Mungiki development in the context of Kenyan security and political environment. The results indicate that Mungiki represented different types...
|
|
| |
|
|
Securitization of HIV/AIDS in South Africa, 2000-2018
Roudnická, Zuzana ; Werkman, Kateřina (advisor) ; Svitková, Katarína (referee)
HIV/AIDS is for many decades one of the major global health issues. It has, therefore, attracted attention of scholars from different fields of study, including security studies. This Master's Thesis seeks to contribute to debates surrounding the issue of securitizing the HIV/AIDS pandemic. The main aim of this thesis is to apply the Copenhagen School's theoretical framework on the case of HIV/AIDS, evaluate the possibility of explaining the international reaction to the pandemic through securitization, and assess whether or not the HIV/AIDS was successfully securitized in South Africa, mainly through effort of the relevant international actors. The case of the Republic of South Africa was chosen because it is one of the worst affected countries by the disease in the world. After discussing the Copenhagen School's securitization theory and its critics, the origins, progression and nature of the disease is explained. The thesis then proceeds with the description and examination of the current state of the epidemic in South Africa as well as the negative influence the segregation and apartheid policy had on the perception of the disease and its spread. The thesis looks at possible securitizing actors of the issue and analysis their discourse in the search for securitizing moves associated with...
|
guest ::
