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The impact of technology in the classroom on academic performance
Vantuchová, Kristína ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Secchini, Valeria (referee)
Technology plays an important role in our lives and we cannot ignore it in the education process either. Equipment often varies among schools, complicating the issue of fairness. This bachelor thesis is trying to investi- gate the impact of technology subsidies in education in Slovakia after the year 2015. For the econometric analysis we use publicly available data pro- vided by TIMSS (Trends in International Mathematics and Science Study) from 2019. TIMSS 2019 was administered to fourth-graders in 64 countries investigating their mathematics and science achievement and collecting con- textual questionnaires completed by students, their parents, teachers, and school principals. First, we use Difference-in-Differences method to estimate the impact of the policy on learning outcomes. We use the Czech Republic as a control group to estimate the effect of subsidies in Slovakia. According to the results of this model, subsidies caused a slight increase in the achieved score. We then apply the Ordinary Least Squares (OLS) method to assess impact of multiple variables related to the technology. The results vary across different variables. Keywords: education, difference-in-differences, TIMSS, technology, subsi- dies, Slovak republic, Czech Republic Author's email: 32485540@fsv.cuni.cz Supervisor's email:...
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Health technology assessment od digital diabetes therapeutics
Klásek, Jan ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Bertoli, Paola (referee)
The prevalence of Type 2 diabetes mellitus is increasing all around the world. This chronic disease leads to a decrease in quality of life and brings a significant financial burden to the national health systems. While diabetes not being completely reversible, it can be well controlled by introducing and maintaining healthy living habits. Nowadays, such intervention can be deliv- ered through digital devices with less medical staff time needed. This thesis investigates the cost-effectiveness of the lifestyle intervention delivered by a mobile application on a German study sample of 42 patients. The analysis is performed using a discrete-time Markov chain for the different lifetimes of the model. The robustness of the results is checked using both deterministic and probabilistic sensitivity analysis. Results suggest that digital intervention can be considered cost-effective in both the short and long-term compared to the current standards of care. 1
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The Effect of Czech 2008 Flat Rate Personal Income Tax on Tax Evasion
Hrbek, Pavel ; Zápal, Jan (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The main goal of this thesis is to examine the effect of Czech's 2008 at rate personal income tax reform on consumption, income and tax evasion since there is a belief that personal income tax rates are partially responsible for high levels of tax evasion. We use the gap between household expenditures and reported income as a proxy for tax evasion with the Czech microeconomic data from the 2006-2008 Household Budget Survey. Employing difference-in-difference approach, we find no effect of the Czech at personal income tax rate on tax evasion for households with one economically active individual in the year 2008 relative to households experiencing no change.
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Family economics: Fertility rate and the pension motive
Bradáč, Michal ; Mlčoch, Lubomír (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
This work focuses on importance of pension motive for havin children in developed countries. It starts with discussion of conditions, under which old age security hypothesis is likely to hold. It continues with overview of demographic trends in selected developed countries and stresses the negative impact of long term fertility decline on pension systems sustainability and performance. In the next part of this thesis we use cluster analysis to compare pension systems in developed countries and the way developed countries deal with lack of human capital. Special attention is paid to comparison of Scandinavian social welfare state model with Southern European welfare state model and with group of three Asian Tigers. Keywords: fertility, pension systems, family economics
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Efficiency in general medical practice in the Czech Republic
Vajskebr, Filip ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Korbel, Václav (referee)
This bachelor thesis analyses technical efficiency of general practitioners in the Czech Republic. It exploits unique dataset that comprises information about health care activ- ities of 107 general practitioners that operate in 79 different municipalities over the period 2015-2017. First, Principal Component Analysis was utilized to deal with high dimension- ality of medical outputs. Second, two stochastic frontier regression models were employed, one of which accounts for heterogeneity of the sample by including efficiency effects vari- ables. Even though both models estimate mean technical efficiency to be approximately 83 %, efficiency ranking of individual general practitioners differs across models. Included efficiency effects have statistically significant impact on technical efficiency. In particular, general practitioners situated in rural municipalities are less efficient, higher competition in a municipality discourages efficiency and general practitioners providing health care to adults are more efficient. 1
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Sibling Rivalry and Characteristics of Marriage
Klepetko, Tomáš ; Bauer, Michal (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
Parents are involved in their children's marriage decisions in a large part of developing world. Resources are scarce, so sibling structure may affect individual marriage and human capital outcomes. Previous literature focused mainly on timing of marriage and education. The objective of this thesis is to test several hypotheses, concerning sibling structure effects on wider range of such characteristics, as spousal quality, domestic violence, polygamy and wealth. In general, we explore the hypothesis that in countries with arranged marriage tradition, women, whose next-youngest sibling is female, are disadvantaged to women, whose next-youngest sibling is male. The hypothesis is empirically tested, using data from five countries in Sub- Saharan Africa. The results show consistent sibling structure effects on early marriage and childbearing across the countries. The effects on education, spousal quality, domestic violence and wealth are less robust. No effect on literacy and polygamy was found. Keywords Sibling Rivalry, Marriage, Childbirth, Education, Spousal Quality, Domestic Violence, Polygamy, Wealth 1
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Willingness to pay for e-books in the Czech Republic
Tomášková, Lenka ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
The aim of this bachelor thesis is to explain willingness to pay for electronic books in the Czech Republic. Data were collected via online questionnaire. Using the logit model, following variables were identified to have significant influence on probability of buying an e-book. These variables are ownership of an e-book, online shopping, membership in the library, buying printed books, physical appearance of book and thinking about e-books as electronic documents which should be for free. Moreover, in case of printed book's price equals 270 CZK, respondents are willing to pay 132 CZK in average for an electronic version of the same title. Keywords ochota platit, e-kniha, logit, Česká republika
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Determinants of generic drug substitution in the Czech Republic
Žílová, Pavlína ; Votápková, Jana (advisor) ; Bryndová, Lucie (referee)
This study uses logistic regression to estimate the probability of choosing the brand-name drug despite the presence of cheaper generics given patient and drug characteristics in the Czech pharmaceutical market in the period 2009-2013. Results of the analysis may help guide policies to decrease pharmaceutical costs. In order to motivate people who are more likely to choose the original version of drug, policy makers may impose higher copayments and lower subsidies on the original drugs which they use. Additionally, two supplementary analyses were applied to sub-sectors of the pharmaceutical market: antihypertensive drugs and antibiotics. Fixed effects logistic regression is employed to test the robustness of the results.
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The correlations of economic changes to the super luxury car sector
Hönig, Maximilian ; Chytilová, Julie (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
Within the thesis, the effects of macroeconomic and societal changes on the sale of Ferrari automobiles is examined. The main focus of this thesis is to discover, whether known factors, influencing luxury goods and total car sales, are also relevant for super luxury sport cars. This is done, by regressing Ferrari sales and total car sales on these factors and comparing the results to the ones for normal car sales, in each of the analyzed regions.
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Costs and Usage of Medical Devices in the Czech Republic
Kaláb, František ; Paulus, Michal (advisor) ; Votápková, Jana (referee)
Geographic differences in healthcare costs, usage and practice are documented by research from the United States and Western Europe, yet, there is limited information on this topic in the Czech Republic. Spatial variation often seems unexplained by the demographic, health or economic characteristics of the population which points to inefficiencies in the healthcare system. We bring three main contributions: a first study dealing entirely with medical devices; we improve previously used models with a set of environmental indicators and; we work with an entirely new sample which has not been used before. Based on 2012 claims data on medical devices we present a geographic analysis of spending and further analyse spending and usage of three widely used and economically relevant devices. Further, we estimate regression model in order to assess the role of unwarranted variation in spending, which we subsequently expand on the three studied devices. We find significant variation in the per capita spending and usage of healthcare devices at the level of regions and districts, with more than a threefold difference in the relative spending between the regions in the lowest and the highest spending quintile. Moreover, only 38% of the district difference between the highest and lowest spending quintile was explained...
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