National Repository of Grey Literature 125 records found  beginprevious69 - 78nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Laboratory methods of detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in clinical material
Mottlová, Petra ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Voxová, Barbora (referee)
2 Abstract Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Author: Petra Mottlová Title: Laboratory methods of detection of Borrelia burgdorferi in clinical material Bachelor thesis Field of study: Medical laboratory technician, attendance study form Background: Summarize the main finding of the known Lyme borreliosis. Individual chapters deal with the history of the disease, etiology, epidemiology, pathogenesis, prevention, clinical picture, treatment and diagnosis. Greater attention is being paid to the possibilities of today's laboratory diagnosis of the disease and its issues. The aim of the practical part is to provide a statistical overview of the disease in Hradec Králové. Methods: Statistical analysis of the data of patients who were examined by indirect ELISA method to detect antibodies of borrelias at the University Hospital in Hradec Králové. Analysis was performed in a professional statistical software. Results of the analysis are given in tables and for better orientation in graphs as well. Results: From 7067 cases were 70,9% negative and 28,1% positive. The acute phase was the most common stadium. Women were more affected (55,1%) than men (44,9%). The average age of woman was 60 to 69 years and men 50 to 59 years. September was the most common month of sampling. The...
Campylobacter jejuni
Turková, Monika ; Voxová, Barbora (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
The subject of this thesis is the illness caused by Campylobacter jejuni. This Gram-negative species of bacteria, which requires specific conditions for its growth, was not successfully isolated until 1973, when usable selective growth media were developed. Since its discovery, it is considered the cause of campylobacteriosis, which is a severe human gastroenteritis resembling salmonellosis. Despite its selective growth conditions, this species of bacteria became highly successful, in particular as a result of its low needed infectious dose and easy transfer from food, especially poultry. Campylobacteriosis therefore became a problem not just in the Czech Republic, but throughout the world. This thesis discusses not only the common properties of the Campylobacter genus, its infectious career paths, pathogenesis and pathogenicity, but also symptoms of campylobacteriosis, its treatment, and the ever increasing resistance of this species to antibiotics. I further analyzed 2003 to 2013 patient data obtained from the Center for Clinical Microbiology at the Hradec Králové University Hospital. Finally, development of the number of infections in the Hradec Králové district is compared with the overall Czech Republic records, as well as with those of the neighboring countries (2005-2012).
Human papillomavirus vaccination
Dvořáková, Iveta ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Fajfr, Miroslav (referee)
Author: Bc. Dvořáková Iveta Title: Human papillomavirus vaccination Diploma thesis Univerzita Karlova v Praze, Farmaceutická fakulta v Hradci Králové Field study: Specialist in laboratory methods Background: The aim of this work is to bring general awareness of cervical cancer, its creator, transmission, symptoms and treatment. It presents information about registered vaccines on the market. The aim of this study is to determine women and girls awareness of vaccination against cervical cancer, and their willingness to be vaccinated. Determine view - gynecologist vaccination against cervical cancer. Main findings: Vaccination against cervical cancer is already included in the vaccination calendar. Not an obligatory vaccination but only as recommended vaccinations for girls between 13 and 14 years. Conclusion: The diploma paper indicates the general awareness of the causative agent, transfer options and the prevention of cervical cancer among girls. The study found that most doctors inform girls and women about the possibility to be vaccinated. Doctors would recommend vaccination for men too. Most mothers are trying to have regular preventive examinations. The study found that most mothers are going to vaccinate their daughters, but they would not get vaccinated. Key words: Cervical cancer, Human...
Yeasts isolated from the blood of patients hospitalized in University Hospital, Hradec Králové.
Pantůčková, Dagmar ; Buchta, Vladimír (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Author: Bc. Dagmar Pantůčková Supervisor: Assoc. Prof. Vladimír Buchta, M.S., Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Yeasts isolated from the blood of patients hospitalized in University Hospital Hradec Králové Field of study: Specialist in laboratory methods Background: The aim of the work was to obtain informations about the incidence of yeasts in the blood of patients University Hospital Hradec Králové in period of 2005 to 2013, with regard to species spectrum, susceptibility to antifungals, age, sex, diagnosis and clinic, where these patients were hospitalized. Method: Collection, processing and evaluation of microbiological data of the records of laboratory information system of mycological laboratory of the Department of Clinical Microbiology University Hospital Hradec Králové from 2005 to 2013. Results: 71 patients were evaluated with 81 yeast strains isolated from the blood. Of the patients 39 (54.9 %) were males and 32 (45.1 %) females. The subgroup at the highest risk of fungemia was age category 60 to 79 years with 32 (45.1 %) findings. The most common diseases in the context of isolation yeast from the blood were diseases of the digestive system (23.6 %) and malignacies (20.8 %)....
Evaluation of activity potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Navrátil, Radek ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Mgr. Radek Navrátil Evaluation of activity potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method Rigorous thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové The aim of this thesis was to asses the antibacterial and antifungal activity of 49 substances prepared at the Department of organic and Inorganic chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University. According to their structural characteristics the substances were divided into six groups and tested through the microdilution broth method at eight strains of bacteria and eight strains of pathogenic fungi. The highest antibacterial activity was observed at the derivatives of 3-phenyl- 2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2,4(3H)-dithione against Staphylococcus aureus. The highest antifungal activity was shown by the derivatives of N-benzylsalicylthioamide against Absidia corymbifera. None of the tested substances presented efficiency against gramnegative bacteria. The replacement of the oxo group by thioxo group in molecule of 3-phenyl-4- thioxo-3,4-2H-1,3-benzoxazine-2-one led to a reduction of activity with exclusion at S. aureus. The replacement of hydrogen by halogene in molecule of 1,3-benzoxazine led to an improvement of activity. Further testing needs to be carried out to acquire definite results.
Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Pospíchalová, Jana ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Fikrová, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Jana Pospíchalová Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method The aim of this thesis is to evaluate activity of potentional antibacterial substances synthesized at the Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové. For testing of the antimicrobial activity was used microdilution broth method. This method is suitable for the quantitative determination of antimicrobial susceptibility. The substances were tested at eight bacterial strains, which consisted of Gram pozitive and Gram negative bacteria including resistant agents of serious nosocomial infections. 52 tested substances were dividend into 6 groups based on a common structure. The most effective group was evaluated by a group of N-benzyl-3-chloro-pyrazin-2-carboxamide and the most effective substance of all tested was 3-chloro-N- (3,4-dichlorobenzyl) pyrazine-2- carboxamide belonging to this group. Most sensitive to the tested substances showed Staphylococcus aureus and Staphylococcus epidermidis.
Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Márová, Marie ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of: Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Mgr. Marie Márová Consultant: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Title of Thesis: Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method The aim of the present thesis was to test 35 substances and evaluate their antimicrobial activity. The substances were divided by their structure in 10 groups, it concerned carbamates and benzoates of salicylanilides, derivates of mercaptobenzothiazole and derivates of other structures. The substances were tested on 8 bacterial and 8 fungal strains. We used microdilution broth method for testing. This method serves to quantitative determination of sensitivity of the strain to the tested substance, minimal inhibitive concentration (MIC) indicates the sensitivity rate of microb. The holes of microtitration plate were filled with growth medium, tested substance in gradually decreasing concentrations and suspension of the strain. MIC conforms to the concentration of the substance which suppresses the growth of the colony and its hole stayed clear after the incubation. The strongest antibacterial effect was noticed by the substances of the 6th group (thiocarbamates of...
Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Tichá, Monika ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Konečná, Klára (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Monika Tichá Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, PhD. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method Background: The aim of this thesis was evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method. Total of 52 substances were tested. Substances were synthetisized at Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control (Mgr. Jandourek, Mgr. Semelkova). All substances were pyrazine derivates, the substances were divided into six group. Sensitivity of the 8 strains was tested - Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon asahii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Methods: Microdilution broth method was used. Results: Total of 24 substances displayed antifungal effect, the lowest MIC was 62,5 µmol.l-1 . The most sensitive strain was Trichophyton mentagrophytes, the least sensitive was Candida albicans. Derivates of N-benzylpyrazine-2-amine were the most active group of the substances. Conclusion: Alkyls with long hydrocarbon chain appeared to be profitable substituents...
Evaluation of activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method IV
Pašková, Barbora ; Konečná, Klára (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
Barbora Pašková Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimycotic substances through the use of microdilution broth method IV Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Study program: Pharmacy Background: The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate the antimycotic activity of 34 substances prepared at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové of the Charles University in Prague. Methods: The substances were tested by the microdilution broth method at eight strains of yeasts and filamentous fungi. The tested substances were divided into five groups according to their chemical structure: benzylamino substituted derivates of pyrazine-2- carboxamide, aliphatic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2,3-dicarbonitrile, aliphatic aminoderivates of pyrazine -2-carboxamide, cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2-carboxamide. Results: The highest antimycotic activity was discovered in group of cyclic aminoderivates of pyrazine-2-carboxamide, especially in tested substances OJ101 and OJ103, which showed antimycotic activity to all of strains of yeast and filamentous fungi. On the other hand, substances of group of benzylamino substituted derivates of...
Antibiotic resistance of Pseudomonas sp.
Gold, Lukáš ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Voxová, Barbora (referee)
Lukáš Gold The resistance of Pseudomonas bacteria species to antibiotics Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Medical laboratory technician This work was focused on summarising the basic knowledge on the resistance of Pseudomonas bacteria species to antibiotics, and the connection between their resistance and their diagnostics using new techniques, especially the mass spectrometry MALDI - TOF. As an introduction to this very extensive topic, we included a chapter on the general characteristics of Pseudomonas, in order to clarify the mechanisms by which resistance to antibiotics arise. Part of this review also includes laboratory diagnosis using conventional phenotypic methods as well as new techniques, mainly using the mass spectrometry MALDI - TOF. A small and yet considerably significant section of the work includes chapters on the infections caused by the Pseudomonas species and their recommended therapies. The position of the Pseudomonas species as one of the nosocomial pathogens is generally made mention of in this work. This review therefore, contains general information on Pseudomonas species that are related to their resistance to antibiotics, and mainly pertaining to their mechanisms of resistance and production of carbapenemases, which can be...

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