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Diagnostics of septic condition - blood culture. Comparison of costs of clasic blood cultures and automated blood culture systems
Plšková, Martina ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Kopecký, Otakar (referee)
Author: Martina Plšková Title: Diagnostics of septic condition - blood culture. Comparison of costs of clasic blood cultures and automated blood culture systems. Bachelor's work Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Field of study: medical laboratory technician The aim of the study: The aim of the study was to outline the issue of septic affections, to find out a percentage representation of bacterial species in positive blood cultures and to evaluate the costs of blood cultures processing. Methods: Economical comparison of two methods of blood cultures processing - the traditional manual method and the automated blood culture system Bactec 9050. Results: The result of the examination was that samples processing using the automated blood culture system Bactec 9050 is benefitial not only from the economical point of view and that the representation of bacterial species in positive blood cultures is consistent with the results of other authors. Conclusions: Automated blood culture systems bring improvement of diagnostics of septic affections and accelerated identification of bacterial agents. This is important for early initiation of antibiotic therapy.
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Diarrheal diseases caused by Salmonella sp. and Campylobacter sp.
Adamcová, Anežka ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Voxová, Barbora (referee)
Anežka Adamcová Diarrheal diseases caused by Salmonella sp. and Campylobacter sp. Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of pharmacy in Hradec Králové Laboratory technician This bachelor thesis deals with diarrheal disease caused by Campylobacter sp. and Salmonella sp. The thesis is divided to four sections. The first section is about diarrhoea and its characteristics and causes. In the second section the characteristics of Campylobacter sp. is described and the major part of this section describes campylobacter enteritis or campylobacteriosis. Campylobacter jejuni is the most common agent. The third section deals with Salmonella sp. It again describes characteristics of this genus and focuses on salmonellosis enteritis or salmonellosis. Salmonella Enteritidis is the most common agent. Both genera are gram-negative bacteria and they affect intestinal tract. They cause bacterial enteritis, which is often connected with diarrhoea. Incidence of campylobacteriosis exceeded the incidence of salmonellosis for the first time in 2007. Infections have similar course. Besides diarrhoea, fever and stomach ache can also occur. Pain is similar as in case of appendicitis. Laboratory test is needed to differentiate between the two. In the last section I analyzed data obtained from the Centre for...
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Antimicrobial effect of quaternary ammonium compounds
Molnárová, Petra ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Vejsová, Marcela (referee)
Petra Molnárová Antimicrobial effect of quaternary ammonium compounds Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Healthcare bioanalytics/Medical Laboratory Technician This bachelor thesis deals with the detection of antimicrobial effect of quaternary ammonium compounds. For objective comparison and evaluation were the results compared with the effect of disinfectant which is not containing quaternary ammonium compounds. The entire experiment was conducted in microtitrative plates by micromethod based on Kneifl (1988). Some parts of the method have been optimalised according to our conditions and needs. We expressed the efficiency with values of minimal mikrobicidal concentration. Every experiment has been conducted several times because of the need to eliminate eventual errors as far as possible. In the results were compiled the average values. The most effective was disinfectant with the combined composition, which contains both quaternary ammonium compounds and another effective substances (aldehyde, acides,...), increasing it's effect. The other substances with quaternary ammonium compounds have been severalfold effective than comparative disinfectants. Very low levels of MBC indicated very clearly, that the disinfectans based on quaternary ammonium salts...
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Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method I.
Navrátilová, Kristýna ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Křivčíková, Lucie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Study program: Pharmacy Candidate: Kristýna Navrátilová Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Title of diploma thesis: Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substan- ces through the use of microdilution broth method I Background Development of new antibacterial agents is still and will be always an impor- tant area of pharmaceutical industry. The need to discover new drugs is growing resistance of pathogenic bacterial strains. Aim of the work was to test new potencial antibacterial active substances on antimicrobial activity. Methods As part of this thesis was by using microdilution broth method tested for antibac- terial activity against eight chosen bacterial strains 106 chemicals newly synthesized by the Departments of the Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové. The described method is used as a screening for pre-determining of the effectiveness of antimicro- bial agents. Results Substances were divided into ten groups according to chemical structure. The most effective was reflected group of salicylthioamid derivates. These substances belong to this group inhibited bacterial growth of all tested strains by very low concentrations already. For each tested bacterial strain...
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Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method
Drbohlavová, Anna ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Křivčíková, Lucie (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate: Bc. Anna Drbohlavová Supervisor: Mgr. Marcela Vejsová, Ph.D. Diploma thesis title: Evaluation of activity of potentional antibacterial substances through the use of microdilution broth method Objective The occurrence of resistant bacteria strains is the global problem today, which influences everyone's life. One of the way, how to solve this problem, is to develop new effective antibacterial substances. The goal of the diploma thesis was to test 70 potencial medical drugs and find out their antibacterial activity against selected bacteria strains. Methods The minimal inhibitory concentrations of tested substances, affecting the growth of the most common 8 conditionally pathogenic bacteria, including significant resistant strains such as MRSA and Klebsiella pneumoniae producing extended specter beta lactamase, were monitored by microdilution broth method. Results Tested substances were divided into eight groups according to their chemical structure and then their antibacterial effect was compared. The most effective group was presented by salicylanilide and its derivates. The influence of the chemical structure and production of clot in growth medium of these substances on...
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Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method II.
Rosíková, Pavla ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Paterová, Pavla (referee)
Rosíková Pavla Evaluation of activity of potentional antifungal substances through the use of microdilution broth method II Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Kralove Pharmacy The aim of this diploma thesis was testing of samples of substances produced at the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control and the Department of Inorganic and Organic Chemistry Faculty of Pharmacy of Charles University in Hradec Kralove. Substances were tested by using microdilution broth method. Testing was carried out on eight strains of yeasts and filamentous fungi: Candida albicans, Candida tropicalis, Candida krusei, Candida glabrata, Trichosporon beigelii, Aspergillus fumigatus, Absidia corymbifera, Trichophyton mentagrophytes. Total were tested 49 substances, which are divided into four groups according to their chemical structure. Derivatives pyrazin-2-carboxamide, 3-derivatives hydrazinopyrazin-2- carboxamide, 2-derivatives isonikotinoylhydrazinkarboxylate, benzoxazin derivatives. Group of derivatives pyrazin-2-carboxamide, which is substituted by low alkyl (-CH3) in the position 5 of pyrazin, and in which is nitrogen of amid group subtituted by the phenyl with electronegative group (-CF3,-F,-Cl,-OH) or with hydroxy group in position m, showed higher...
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Evaluation of the Activity of Potentional Antimicrobial Substances Through the use of Microdilution Broth Method
Székelyová, Anita ; Vejsová, Marcela (advisor) ; Jílek, Petr (referee)
Mgr. Anita Székelyová Evaluation of the activity of potentional antimicrobial substances through the use of microdilution broth method Rigorous thesis Charles university in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové The aim of this thesis was to assess the antimicrobial activity of 63 substances prepared at the Department of Organic and Inorganic Chemistry and the Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry and Drug Control, Pharmaceutical Faculty of the Charles University in Hradec Králové. The substances were tested through the microdilution broth method at eight strains of bacteria and pathogenic fungi at the same time. The tested strains consisted of Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria including highly resistant nosocomial pathogens, as well as yeasts and filamentous fungi. The tested substances were divided into seven groups according to their structural characteristics. The highest antibacterial activity was shown by the derivatives of 2-(5- carboxypentyl)isoquinolinium-bromide and 1-(5-carboxypenthyl)pyridinium-bromide, especially against Gram-positive bacteria. They also had intermediate acitivity against yeasts. The highest antimycotic activity was observed with the derivatives of 2- hydroxythiobenzamide against Absidia corymbifera and with the substance WK-4 from the group of...
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