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Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique
Kvítek, Zdeněk ; Valvoda, Václav (advisor)
Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique The thesis explores complex process of first order transition of KD2PO4 crystal from tetragonal phase to ferroelectric - ferroelastic orthorhombic phase and back at temperature 209 K. The experimental set up of nitrogeneous cryostat allowes temperature and temperature gradient variations during simultaneous three axes optical sample observations, dielectric measurements. The discontinous change of order parameters especially strain uzz along tetragonal-feroelectric axis is important for form of phase front, which tents to be perpendicular to tetragonal axis z. To the contrary, if external electric field along tetragonal ferrolectric axis is applied, phase front tents to be parallel to applied electric field. Coupled strain shear and electric polarisition of orthorhombic low symetry phase are compensated by domain structure. The observed flat and zigzag shapes of phase front under different experimental conditions are explained. It is shown that the resulting shape which is often of a zigzag form for temperature gradient perpendicular to ferroelectric axis follows from the competition between the free energy induced by the gradient, the elastic-strain energy caused by lattice misfits...
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Study of new type of Ti-NT nanotubes that can be used as a filler in polymer matrix
Brunátová, Tereza ; Kužel, Radomír (advisor) ; Valvoda, Václav (referee)
Title: Study of new type of Ti-NT nanotubes that can be used as a filler in polymer matrix Author: Tereza Brunátová Department: Department of Condensed Matter Physics Supervisor: doc. RNDr. Radomír Kužel, CSc. Abstract: The subject of presented work has been devoted to a structure of titanate nanotubes which were prepared by hydrothermal treatment of TiO2 powder in NaOH solution. Structure determination was done mainly with two complementary methods - X-ray diffraction and transmision elec- tron microscopy. A influence of structure by changing particle size and crystal structure of the initial powder TiO2 was studied as well. Three different mod- els of nanotube structure were build. These models were used for a calculation of powder X-ray diffraction pattern and they were compared to experiment pattern. Keywords: titanates nanotubes, computer simulations of powder X-ray diffrac- tion patterns, X-ray diffracion, electron microscopy
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Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique
Kvítek, Zdeněk ; Valvoda, Václav (advisor)
Etude de la transition ferroelectrique-ferroelastique du KD2PO4 forme du front de phase en fonction du gradient thermique The thesis explores complex process of first order transition of KD2PO4 crystal from tetragonal phase to ferroelectric - ferroelastic orthorhombic phase and back at temperature 209 K. The experimental set up of nitrogeneous cryostat allowes temperature and temperature gradient variations during simultaneous three axes optical sample observations, dielectric measurements. The discontinous change of order parameters especially strain uzz along tetragonal-feroelectric axis is important for form of phase front, which tents to be perpendicular to tetragonal axis z. To the contrary, if external electric field along tetragonal ferrolectric axis is applied, phase front tents to be parallel to applied electric field. Coupled strain shear and electric polarisition of orthorhombic low symetry phase are compensated by domain structure. The observed flat and zigzag shapes of phase front under different experimental conditions are explained. It is shown that the resulting shape which is often of a zigzag form for temperature gradient perpendicular to ferroelectric axis follows from the competition between the free energy induced by the gradient, the elastic-strain energy caused by lattice misfits...
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