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Anabolic steroids use among public order police officers of Police of the Czech Republic
Bažant, Matěj ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Šejvl, Jaroslav (referee)
The subject of this study is the recognition of the link between service in the Police of the Czech Republic (PCR) and abuse of substances for supporting muscle growth and anabolic steroids. The service of PCR officer is often been connected to physical strenght and psychical resistence, which is given by training, personality and self-confidence of the officer. Masculinity and muscular body is seen by some officers as essential for this job and the standard there is shifted when compared to the other people. Anabolic Steroids - substances accesible on the illicit market - can be abused for fast muscle growth and outreaching the limits of ordinary man. The first part of this study is theoretical part, in which the aspects of police service are described, as they are risk factors for development of exercise addiction and abuse of substances for supporting muscle growth. The second part is practical part, where the research is described among the PCR officers, who are exercising regularly and are ranked in the Public Order Police Service. This research is searching for similarities between usage of supplements and Anabolic Steroids and subjectively viewed professional requirements. Also the amount of subjectively seen medical problems was compared between group of steroid-using officers and those...
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The prevalence of addictive behavior on the Internet and substance use among university students in the humanities and technical field
Kropáčková, Sabina ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Vondráčková, Petra (referee)
At present, the topic of addictive behaviour on the Internet is a highly discussed topic. In conjunction with it, young adults are increasingly emerging as a vulnerable group, specifically individuals entering university. Students of different learning backgrounds also have different hobbies in the online world. Drug experiments often take place during this period. The main objective of this research was to determine the prevalence of addictive behaviour on the Internet and the use of addictive substances in two completely different university disciplines. Another objective was to find out whether there are any differences in the results of the respondents and whether there are some connections in the phenomena studied. The research was conducted at the Faculty of Philosophy of the Charles University and the Faculty of Electrical Engineering at CTU. For the purposes of this research, a questionnaire was selected, the questionnaire comprised of these standardized questionnaires: a Griffith questionnaire, selected questions from the European School Study on Alcohol and Other Drugs, the CAGE Questionnaire, the CAST questionnaire and the EIUS questionnaire by Škařupová. Respondents were first selected by means of deliberate purposeful selection. The next step in selecting the research file was...
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Monitoring the effect of the primarily preventive program Unplugged in children whose mothers drink alcohol at a frequency higher than once a week.
Jandáč, Tomáš ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Gabrhelík, Roman (referee)
BACKGROUND - Foreign studies submit parental, maternal substance abuse increase children's risk behavior such alcohol drinking. Czech studies submit school-based prevention program Unplugged has significant positive influence on marihuana children's smoking. AIMS - The research is needed to reveal the influence of school-based prevention program Unplugged on children's alcohol drinking. Children's difference is in mothers. Mothers who drink alcohol more than once a week and mothers who drink alcohol less once a week. METHODS - Research data were obtained by using czech version of European Family Empowerment Questionnaire in seven data mining waves between 2013 and 2017. Children's and parental questionnairies were paired. The final count of questionnairies is 8338 and we analyzed them with GEE (generalized estimation equation) in SPSS. RESULTS - School-based prevention program Unplugged has not significant influence on children 's drinking with mothers who drink alcohol more than once a week. The program increase likelihood of children's drunkeness in last 30 days in children with mothers who drink less than once a week. The odd of drunkeness is 52,2 %. CONCLUSION - We recommend discussion on efective statistical evaluation of school-based prevention programs. We recommend to include parents in...
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Risky sexual behavior of problem drugs users using low-threshold addictology services in České Budějovice
Fürstová, Martina ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Kulhánek, Adam (referee)
Basis: In the Czech Republic, an estimated 46.8 thousand problem drug users and the prevalence of infectious diseases (mainly viral hepatitis C) among problem users are high. This may be related not only to the actual use of drugs but also to their risky sexual behavior through which they can transmit infectious diseases as well. Objective: The main goal of this thesis is to describe the occurrence of risk sexual behavior in problem drug addicts using low-threshold addictology services in České Budějovice. Methods: The results of this thesis were processed on the basis of answers from an anonymous questionnaire from 50 clients of the contact center in České Budějovice, with a total of 12% of clients' contact centers. They were addressing respondents who came to take advantage of the exchange program or contact room. A total of 19 women and 31 men participated in the survey, the average age of respondents was 32 years. The research results were identified and processed in graphs through descriptive statistics. The data was evaluated in Microsoft Excel and then in Microsoft Word. Results: The results show a certain connection between problematic use of addictive substances and risky sexual behavior. Respondents who have ever been sexually at risk have mostly become drug addicts (88% of respondents),...
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A critical review of Facebook addiction research
Fišerová, Kristýna ; Brenza, Jiří (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Background: Facebook is the most popular social network nowadays. Concerns about possible negative consequences and possible addiction rise with its growing popularity. It is a very current topic not only for experts in the field, but also for parents. Results of studies bring various conclusions and the view on the Facebook addiction remains patchy. Aim: The aim of this work is to describe and evaluate the current state of Facebook addiction research on chosen studies. This work is focused on the criteria for diagnosis, methodology and identified risk features, the profile of a problematic user. Methods: This theoretical work uses qualitative approach and compares information from chosen studies. First, a summary was created from each study. Then extracted information were compared in categories according to research question of this work. Results: Evaluation of the studies showed that there is no clear way of diagnosing Facebook addiction and the phenomena itself is not clearly defined. The studies were very different in their prevalence estimates. A methodological issue of most of the chosen studies was using a self-reported questionnaire and a choice of non-representative participants. Conclusion: It is necessary to continue the research in the field of Facebook Addiction. This works has...
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Attitudes of therapists from selected inpatient care facilities to spiritual topics and techniques in the treatment of addiction
Zemina, Jiří ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Remeš, Prokop (referee)
Spirituality is an interesting phenomenon that is hard to describe, therefore, any person may have different understanding or meaning of it. In addictology, a bio-psycho-socio-spiritual model is used, in which you can talk about the first three dimensions but the fourth is "sometimes" omitted. Many authors urge the need to involve spiritual dimension in addiction treatment, for example by inducing altered states of consciousness. Most often in addictological practice, you encounter spirituality in the therapeutic community in form of many rituals. The aim of this paper is to describe how addictologists approach spirituality from a personal and professional point of view, their experience with specific topics and clients, and finally how they perceive different spiritual techniques and tools in addiction treatment. The theoretical part deals with the definition of spirituality, altered states of consciousness and psychospiritual crisis. In the second half of the theoretical part, spirituality and its place in addictology is dealt with together with a short chapter focusing on psychadelics and their use in addictology. The practical part presents qualitative research where a semi-structured interview was used. The interview was further analyzed and coding methods were used. Then codes were...
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Theoretical Investigation of ethanol dehydration catalyzed by acid sites in zeolites
Vacek, Jaroslav ; Nachtigall, Petr (advisor) ; Uhlík, Filip (referee)
Zeolites are a group of aluminosilicate minerals with catalytic properties. They may be used for many industrial applications such as catalytic cracking of oil. Zeolites are also capable of converting ethanol to diethylether and ethylen. This reaction is known as dehydration of ethanol. The reaction is potentially interesting as a way of converting ethanol to more valuable molecules. An experimental study (Shashikant A. Kadam, Mariya V. Shamzhy, 2018) has proven that diethylether is the preferred product when the temperatures are low and the partial pressure of ethanol is high. Ethylen is more significant product with higher temperature and lower partial pressure of ethanol. Aim of this thesis is to determine the mechanism of dehydration of ethanol. Furthermore it was attempted to explain the behavior of the reaction under different circumstances. The research was done in silico using the methods of computational chemistry. Such methods give information on the geometry and the energy of systems of molecules. Thus computational chemistry can be used to investigate the relational path and activation energy of the studied reaction. This thesis is a theoretical study of dehydration of ethanol catalysed by a zeolite.
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Selected aspects of dual use of alcohol and marijuana
Serafínová, Naďa ; Vopravil, Jiří (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
SELECTED ASPECTS OF DUAL ALCOHOL AND MARIJUANA USAGE Naďa Serafínová SERAFÍNOVÁ, Naďa. Selected Aspects of dual alcohol and marijuana usage. Prague, 2017. 51 pages.. Bachelor thesis (Bc.). Charles Unversity, First Faculty of Medicine , Department of Addictology. Tutor: Vopravil, Jiří. ABSTRACT Background: Patterns of use of alcohol as well as motivations for alcohol use are well described in the addiction research and theory. What is not clear is whether the increasing availability and consumption of marijuana has any effects towards one's relationship to alcohol. It is clear however, that at least part of marijuana users must also be alcohol users. In theory, there are two options: Increasing use of marijuana may have a substitution (substituting alcohol with marijuana) or complementary (increasing the usage of) effects on alcohol consumption. A group of poly-drug substance users who combine alcohol and marijuana are also more commonly associated with risky behaviour by various studies. One way or the other, the poly drug use of alcohol and marijuana (also called cross-fading) is the subject of increasing interest by the researchers. Aims: The aims of this work is to provide an overview of the current theory regarding both drugs, as well as a description of use motivations, consumption patterns, effects of...
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"The experience of alcohol-addicted clients after institutional treatment"
Andělová, Magdalena ; Libra, Jiří (advisor) ; Vacek, Jaroslav (referee)
Bases: In institutional care, the clients are taken out of their natural ambient. In safe institutional ambience, the abstinence is easier. During the institutional treatment, the client should get new overview of his addiction, enforce his decision for a change and reevaluate his lifestyle. The clients often return back to their unsatisfying living conditions. The addiction influences all domains of human existence, therefore it is important that clients get the care in accordance with their needs during and after the institutional treatment. Aims: The main aim of this thesis is to find how the alcohol addicted clients, the clients repetitively hospitalized for the relapses, lived through the retrieve into the normal life after the institutional treatment. The other aim is to find usual problems that arise after the treatment and reasons for the relapse. Moreover, the question is what the experience with the aftercare care is and what is the main support on their way to recovery. I have focused on the period between the first and the last treatment. The principal research questions: Which factors influenced the relapse of the clients? Other research questions: What are the experiences with the aftercare programs? Which factors do the clients feel as supporting on their way to recovery?...
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The role of a dog in the life of drug users
Maršíková, Daniela ; Vacek, Jaroslav (advisor) ; Svěcená, Kateřina (referee)
Summary: The main theme of this work is a relationship between substance users who visits low- treshold services in Prague and their dogs. Many of these people own a dog and their relationship hasn't been described yet. This ownership brings some specific limits - for example taking care of the dog (feeding, health, training), accepting the responsibility and moreover, a pet can represent an obstacle in accommodation or treatment. On the other side, a dog has a very positive impact on a human mental state and averts the feeling of loneliness. A dog can be a factor to the increase of money made during begging and is a protector and a friend to a human in their life. The aim of this thesis is to describe relationship between substance user and his dog. Research questions ask how important the dog is in the life of a drug user and what positives and negatives a dog brings in his life. I implemented a semi-structured interview in a terrain outreach program for drug users for bigger authenticity of the statements acquired. I had a chance to see how respondents manipulate with their dogs in their natural surroundings and sometimes the conditions they are living in. Interviews were recorded with the agreement of the participants and then I transcribed them. I deleted all interviews after processing data. The...
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