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Monogenic susceptibility to infectious pathogens
Bloomfield, Markéta ; Šedivá, Anna (advisor) ; Koziar Vašáková, Martina (referee) ; Litzman, Jiří (referee)
(ENG) The modern approach to studies of monogenic inborn errors of immunity, driven by unprecedented advances of genetic tools, opens vast undiscovered areas of immune system components and functions. In particular, the diseases with striking clinical phenotypes with normal or near normal baseline immunophenotype, such as disorders of innate and intrinsic immunity with susceptibility to single pathogen, provide a unique window into the host-pathogen interactions. This thesis covers various novel aspects of immunopathology, genetics and clinical facets behind some such diseases, namely chronic mucocutaneous candidiasis due to hypermorphic (gain-of-function, GOF) STAT1 mutations, which hamper Th17-associated immune activities, and Mendelian susceptibility to mycobacterial diseases (MSMD) due to impairment of IL-12, IL-23/IFNγ signalling pathway. Moreover, it contributes to the mounting evidence that IL- 6 signalling is non-redundant in anti-staphylococcal immunity. Finally, it explores the novel Paediatric inflammatory multisystem syndrome temporally associated with SARS-CoV-2 (PIMS- TS) as a single pathogen-driven life-threatening immunopathology, which most likely develops due to individual, yet unknown, genetic predisposition. The findings presented in this thesis were in several cases translated...
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Controversy over the Nature of Dramatic Text
Vašáková, Martina ; Kaplický, Martin (advisor) ; Dykast, Roman (referee)
Controversy over the Nature of Dramatic Text This thesis will attempt to identify the nature of dramatic text in the context of two art forms: literature and theatre. It will investigate the changes which dramatic text undergoes when staged while also thematizing the relationship between the textual and other aspects of works of drama. The thesis will be primarily based around Czech theatre aesthetics of the twentieth century and will attempt to map and reflect on the theoretic discussion on this subject. At the same time it shall observe how these theoretic attitudes are reflected in dramatic texts themselves and in scenic practice of Czech theatre of the twentieth century.
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Th1/Th2 cytokine gene polymorphisms in patients with idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis
Vašáková, Martina ; Stříž, Ilja (advisor) ; Posová, Helena (referee) ; Šedivá, Anna (referee)
Objectives: Idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis (IPF) is a serious disease characterized with progressive scarring of the lungs in which the genetic background is supposed. The aim of our study was to investigate Th1/Th2 cytokine gene polymorphisms to evaluate their possible influence on IPF development. Then we have correlated selected polymorphisms of IL-1, IL-4 and IL-12 groups ( the selection was based on our previous results) with clinical parameters and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) as a markers of disease stage and progression. Methods: We investigated 30 patients with IPF and 103 healthy volunteers for the cytokines polymorphisms of the IL-1 alpha, IL-1 beta, IL-1R, IL-1RA, IL-2, IL-4, IL-6, IL-10, IL-12, TNF alpha, IFN gamma, TGF beta, IL-1 beta, IL-2, IL-4 and IL-4RA genes. The PCR-SSP method was used for measurement. Then the correlations of vital capacity(VC) and diffusing capacity for carbon monoxide(DLCO), bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid cell counts and high resolution computed tomography (HRCT) alveolar and interstitial scores with different genotypes of groups of IL-1, IL-4, and IL-12 cytokines and their receptor antagonists. The HRCT results were evaluated by an experienced viewer using the interstitial and alveolar score scales, which were based on the IPF HRCT description system...
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Quality of life of patiens with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease
Musilová, Lada ; Janíková, Taťána (advisor) ; Vašáková, Martina (referee)
The aim of this dissertation is to describe in what way the quality of life of clients suffering from chronic pulmonary disease is influenced and which spheres of their lives are afflicted most frequently. The research part is aimed at the most troublesome and limiting spheres which make the lives of these people unpleasant or which even make some daily routines, occupational activities, leisure time activities, social life, etc. impossible. The research has been carried out in the form of the semistructured dialogue and with the assistance of SEIQoL methodology. It targets at the clients being in their working age.
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Correlation of cytokine gene polymorphisms and bronchoalveolar lavage fluid gene expression profiles in patients with interstitial lung diseases
Slimáčková, Eva ; Vašáková, Martina (advisor) ; Vencovský, Jiří (referee)
Idiopathic pulmonay fibrosis (IPF), extrinsic alergic alveolitis (EAA) and sarcoidosis are interstitial lung diseases (ILD) of distinct pathogenesis. While IPF represents primarily fibrosing lung disorder of unknown etiology with dominant Th2 cytokine milieu, sarcoidosis is a systemic disease presenting with noncaseating granulomas and Th1 cytokine pattern. EAA develops after repeated exposure to inhalation antigens, and can present either with a granulomatous formation or progressive pulmonary fibrosis according to the stage of the disease and relationship between antigen exposure and immune system status. Th1/Th2 imbalance is dominant feature of these ILDs and we suppose that the susceptibility to them could be genetically encoded in cytokine gene polymorphisms. Cytokine gene polymorphisms could influence cytokine protein expression, which might lead to imbalance of Th1/Th2 immune reactions. Enhanced Th2 type cytokine production might induce the alternative activation of alveolar macrophages (AM), with consequent stimulation of colagen production by fibroblasts. the way from gene to protein leads through messenger RNA (mRNA) expression. Results of the pilot studies suggest that expression profiling could help to identify pathways relevant to pathogenesis of these disorders. The aim of our study was to...
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Marketing comunication
Vašáková, Martina ; Štůsek, Jaromír (advisor) ; Marie, Marie (referee)
The thesis deals with marketing communications of a non-governmental,
non-profit organization NaZemi, which contributes to the development of Fair Trade
in the Czech republic. The thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part.
In the theoretical part is defined marketing, marketing mix, and various tools
of marketing communications, which includes advertising, sales promotion, public relations, personal selling, direct marketing, events and experiences.
Part of the theoretical part is characteristic of marketing research, modern trends
in marketing communications and outline of the concept of Fair Trade.
In the practical part is introduced the organization NaZemi with its tools
of marketing communication. Based on the survey findings are formulated proposals, leading to possible improvements in marketing communications. In the end there
is deeply descibed one proposal in detail of a particular campaingn.
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Psychical Distance and Laughter at the Theatre
VAŠÁKOVÁ, Martina
The present BA thesis is focused on the exploration of the role of laughter and comicality within Dramatic Arts. The starting point is explanation of the concept of Edward Bullough's "psychical distance" as a factor, which defines aesthetic attitude. The laughter is described there as the type of reaction, that tend to under-distancing or to over-distancing and so to a disruption of aesthetic attitude. At the same time, however, whole significant section of Dramatic Art comedy works intensively with the role of laughter . BA thesis attempts to indicate main features of laughter and its transformation within the aesthetic attitude.
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