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Concessive construction "avoir beau" and its equivalents in German and Czech
Drobník, Ondřej ; Venušová, Alena (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
(in English): The topic of this Bachelor thesis is the French concessive structure avoir beau and its equivalents in Czech and German. The thesis explains the notion of concession as an abstract meaning expressing an invalid cause and describes the ways of expressing the concession in Czech, in German and in French. In addition, French offers a unique verbal construction avoir beau, which is associated with an infinitive and acquires its concessive meaning by contrasting with the subordinated clause. Its most frequently found equivalents in Czech are e.g. marně, ačkoli, adjectives prefixed by sebe-, etc. German translates avoir beau most often by preposition trotz, adverbs vergeblich, umsonst, conjunctions obwohl, obzwar, etc., or modal verbs können, wollen and mögen. In the end, it was shown that in the search for a suitable equivalent, the translated sentences can be almost arbitrarily transformed, without much semantic harm.
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Lexicographical grasp of language registers using general French language dictionaries
Beranová, Dominika ; Mudrochová, Radka (advisor) ; Venušová, Alena (referee)
This bachelor thesis Lexicographical grasp of language registers using general French language dictionaries presents the issue of language registers and their marking in the French dictionaries Le Petit Robert, Larousse and TLFi. The thesis is divided into three elementary parts The first part familiarizes with the term Lexicography and its basic definitions. There are explained both dictionary definitions and the definitions by Czech and French linguists. Very shortly the history of lexicography is mentioned, too. This part is also focused on its most famous product, which is dictionary. The thesis offers the elementary typology of dictionaries and aims the attentions mainly on the general French dictionaries and introduces concretely these three ones: Le Petit Robert, Larousse and TLFi. It acquaints the readers with their general characteristic, structure and history. The second part presents language registers of French language and its basic division. The main part is to determine the terminology of French term register, which is often very problematic. Already in the dictionary definitions the bachelor thesis finds terminology disunion and regarding specialized definitions of Czech and French experts in Romance language the scale of definitions has still been much more diversified. The chapter...
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Concessive construction "avoir beau" and its equivalents in German and Czech
Drobník, Ondřej ; Venušová, Alena (advisor) ; Nádvorníková, Olga (referee)
(in English): The topic of this Bachelor thesis is the French concessive structure avoir beau and its equivalents in Czech and German. The thesis explains the notion of concession as an abstract meaning expressing an invalid cause and describes the ways of expressing the concession in Czech, in German and in French. In addition, French offers a unique verbal construction avoir beau, which is associated with an infinitive and acquires its concessive meaning by contrasting with the subordinated clause. Its most frequently found equivalents in Czech are e.g. marně, ačkoli, adjectives prefixed by sebe-, etc. German translates avoir beau most often by preposition trotz, adverbs vergeblich, umsonst, conjunctions obwohl, obzwar, etc., or modal verbs können, wollen and mögen. In the end, it was shown that in the search for a suitable equivalent, the translated sentences can be almost arbitrarily transformed, without much semantic harm.
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Attributive absolute constructions in contemporary French
Lipská, Karolína ; Nádvorníková, Olga (advisor) ; Venušová, Alena (referee)
Attributive absolute constructions in contemporary French The aim of this master thesis is a detailed analysis of French attributive absolute constructions (att. AC) with emphasis on their semantic characteristics. Att. AC is an example of what is called "secondary predication", i.e. a non-finite predicative structure modifying the primary predication, see a typical example "les yeux fermés", 'the eyes closed', in the sentence "Marie est assise, les yeux fermés.", 'Mary sits with her eyes closed.'. The main function of the att. AC is the modification of the head noun through the relation of inalienable possession (IP), or a part - whole relation, between this noun, which is mostly a human being, and an entity conceptualized in the att. AC. The thesis finds its main source in a monograph about AC written by Suzanne Hanon (1989), which is here completed by a qualitative analysis of syntactic and semantic factors that come into play in the formation of att. AC. Att. AC are approached form the perspective of Cognitive Linguistics and Construction Grammar as conceptualizations of the IP (or part - whole) paradigm and it is proposed their description as a prototype-based category with some instances more typical (see the example above) than others (e.g. att. AC with an adverbial function or modifying an...
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Aspect in French Light Verb Constructions
VENUŠOVÁ, Alena
The dissertation deals with aspect in light verb constructions in French (LVCs). Light verb predicates such as faire du doublage, faire une découverte, and donner un conseil, constitute a specific kind of verb-noun construction recognizable by two transformational tests i.e., the cancellation test and the argument co-reference test. From the aspectual point of view, there are three parameters to be recognized: the lexical aspect (states, processes, events), grammatical aspect (perfectivity, imperfectivity), and aktionsart (quantity, quality, and phase of action). Being the semantical root of LVCs, the predicative noun is a starting point for aspectual analysis, nevertheless this aspectual interpretation is drawn from the whole sentence and takes account of the whole LVC, as well as of other aspectually relevant components (aspect shifting and aspectual composition). The objective of the research is to clarify the aspectual properties of the predicative noun and examine whether and how the principle of lexical aspect shifting is applied in the context of LCVs with a focus on the role of semantics (creation, motion containing a goal destination), of the predicative noun's complement (its quantization and cumulativity), countability, and determination of the predicative noun. It is observed that countability marked by articles has a crucial effect on the interpretation of the lexical aspect and aktionsart (faire un saut - sauter une fois, faire un emballage - emballer un cadeau, *emballer une fois). The research is based upon a systematic use of real corpora contexts (InterCorp 2018, FrWac, araneum), French lexicon-grammar data (Maurice Gross and his colleagues), and native-speaker competence.
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Causative Constructions \kur{faire+inf.} and their Czech Translation.
VENUŠOVÁ, Alena
This thesis provides a comparison of causative mechanisms between two languages: Czech and French. The aim of this research is to reveal expressions that contain a causative meaning in Czech and to analyze which of them are truly equivalent to the French causative construction faire + infinitive. This work classifies general causative mechanisms, according to their nature, between synthetic (prefix, lexical expressions) and analytic (French complex predicate faire + infinitive, periphrastic constructions, separate clauses) and focuses on the French construction by describing its syntactical and semantic specificity. This causative construction is the basis of a parallel research in corpora InterCorp, a technical tool which helps excerpt authentic texts. Additionally, it is attempted to clarify and classify the usage of the Czech equivalents and search for factors that influence their choice with an eye on the source language.
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Employment Policy in the Cohesion Region "Jihozápad"
VENUŠOVÁ, Alena
Bachelor thesis Employment policy of the EU in the cohesion region {\clqq}Jihozápad`` is divided into nine chapters. Two chapters depict the basic legal documents of the European Union and of the Czech Republic in employment policies and show institutional structures and instruments of the European Union, such as EPSCO - Council for Employment, Social Policy, Health and Consumer Protection, EURES - European Employment Services, European Social Fund, or very specific employment strategies. The fourth and fifth chapters explain the characteristics of the cohesion region Jihozápad. I will show that the whole region has a fairly low unemployment rate for the Czech Republic. Other subchapters refer to projects financed from European funds and to the progress of the Lisbon Strategy at the regional level. The heart of the thesis is the sixth chapter. This is the practical section, where I submit a questionnaire and an analysis of newspaper and magazine articles on employment policy in the EU. A summary in French and a bilingual glossary are included.
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