National Repository of Grey Literature 219 records found  beginprevious21 - 30nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Ecotoxicity of cholesterol-lowering-drugs
Königsmarková, Kristýna ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
This bachelor thesis is focused on the ecotoxicological testing of blood cholesterol lowering drugs. At first it considers the issue from a theoretical point of view – describes the effect of residual drugs on the environment, the distribution of hypolipidemics, the risks of elevated cholesterol, then deals with ecotoxicology and introduces the principles of ecotoxicological testing. In the experimental part, these following drugs were tested: Corsim, Atoris, Lipanthyl Supra, Lipanthyl 267M. In addition, clofibric acid – the metabolite of fibrates was tested. Residues of these drugs are found mainly in the aquatic ecosystem, that is why tests of aquatic organisms have been used to evaluate ecotoxicity. Test organisms were Thamnocephalus platyurus, Lemna minor and Vibrio fischeri. LC50, EC50 and IC50 values were determined on the basis of test results. Using these values, the ecotoxicity of the above mentioned hypolipidemics was evaluated.
The issue of determining antidepressants
Kočnar, Michal ; Tulková, Tereza (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
The presented bachelor thesis is focused on the issue of antidepressants and the determination of two of their representatives, paroxetine and citalopram, in sewage taken from three municipal waste water treatment plants. In the theoretical part of this study, antidepressants are generally characterized, more specifically two representatives of selective serotonin reuptake inhibitors, paroxetine and citalopram. Subsequently, the methods of determination of these analytes in waste water are presented. The experimental part deals with determination of selected substances in real samples of waste water. The analytes were isolated from the matrix by solid phase extraction and determined by ultra performance liquid chromatography with ultraviolet spectrophotometric detection. Paroxetine was quantified in all samples, citalopram was not able to quantify, in some samples even to detect.
Compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants and the influence of elicitation on them
Jančová, Nikola ; Čáslavský, Josef (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
Diploma thesis is focused on study of compounds of terpenic nature in mint plants. Terpenic compounds are volatile hydrocarbons formed by several isoprenoid units with low molecular weight which cause the typical smell of plants. Presence of these compounds cause that plants seem to be fungicidal, bactericidal and insecticidal. Due to these properties, they can be used as botanical pesticides which are not toxic and no resistant organisms occur. Each plant contains relatively low concentrations of these compounds and therefore elicitors must be used for the increasing of terpenes amount. Elicitors activate defensive mechanisms in the plant leading to higher defense abilities and production of secondary metabolites. The identification and quantification of analytes was determined by gas chromatography in connection with mass spectrometry.
Removing organic contamination from water, using UV radiation.
Venská, Petra ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Repková, Martina (advisor)
This diploma thesis focuses on possibilities of applications of UV radiation to remove pollutants from water. It summarizes sources of UV radiation and list their benefits and properties. The thesis characterizes so called advanced oxidation processes using UV light. Degradation pathways od pyridine and its derivatives especially halogenated pyridines are described. The photodegradability of pyridine and a rate of this reaction in model water is investigated in the experimental part. Also, the effect of concentration and dose of H2O2 is assessed. Gas chromatography was used to determinate concentrations of pyridine in samples.
Ecotoxicological assessment of former mineral oil refinery
Kociánová, Sabina ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
Brownfields are one of the unfavorable parts of industrial heritage that developed from 18th to 20th century. Brownfields are very different and in most cases they have negative impact on the environment. Crucial for this thesis were brownfields with certain level of contaminations. The site of a former refinery of mineral oils OSTRAMO, which represents ecological burden, is a brownfield that can threaten the environment in all its compartments. This was the reason why OSTRAMO was selected for this thesis. The goal of this thesis was to evaluation of ecotoxicological effects of contaminated samples taken from the location via ecotoxicity testing in aquatic and contact arrangement. The result of each test confirmed expected negative impact of the samples from the location of former rafinery on testing organisms.
Impact assessment of ordinarily used firefighting agents on selected environmental compartments
Jabandžievová, Barbora ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Zlámalová Gargošová, Helena (advisor)
This diploma thesis is focused on the evaluation of effects of the most frequently used extinguishing agents in the South Moravian region on selected aquatic and terrestrial organisms. Extinguishing substances which have been tested are foaming agents Sthamex and Moussol, rigid wetting agent TS ECO and TS Turbo and ABC FAVORIT fire - extinguishing powder. Their effects have been tested on aquatic organisms Daphnia magna and Scenedesmus subspicatus and terrestric organisms such as Folsomia candida, Lactuca sativa, and Eisenia fetida. Validation test on standard substances have been performed to verify the validity of the test results. From the obtained results values of IC50, LC50 and EC50 were calculated, through which the impact of individual extinguishing agents on the components of the environment was assessed.
Ecotoxicological Evaluation of Polymers and Biologically Active Substances in Aquatic Environments
Kašpar, Otakar ; Beklová, Miroslava (referee) ; Chýlková, Jaromíra (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
To determine the ecotoxicity of analgetics, first the individual ecotoxicity values of individual analgetics are determined and then a mixture of two analgetics is tested. To determine the toxicity, both standard and alternative toxicity tests are used (daphnia magna, sinapsis alba, scenedesmus subspicatum, vibrio fischeri, thamnotoxkit FTM a daphnotoxkit FTM magna). The analgetics being whish tested are the commonly used medicines ibuprofen, ASA, diclofenac and paracetamol, which are the most frequently used medicines in the Czech Republic and whole Europe. To determine the ecotoxicity of the polymers, I‘m using an indirect method of examination, in which I determine the antagonistic or synergistic effects of the mixture of monomers from which the polymer is prepared and into which it slowly decomposes in nature. For the determination both standard and alternative toxicity tests are used. The polymers the toxicity of which is being determined are the habitually used polymer PET and the formaldehyde resine known as bakelite in Eastern Europe.
The Introduction of Contact Ecotoxicity Tests for the Assessment of Terrestrial Ecosystems
Modlitbová, Pavlína ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Beklová, Miroslava (referee) ; Demnerová, Kateřina (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (advisor)
This dissertation thesis is focus on using toxicity tests with testing organism - terrestrial isopod Porcellio scaber. This organism is use for toxicity assessment of selected anorganic compunds which could contaminate terrestrial ecosystem. This organism was selected for several reasons - sophisticated test methodology; well known biology of these animals and their ecological relevance. Besides classical endpoints such as mortality, change in mass of test specimens and the effect of the presence and concentration of contaminants onto food consumption; we monitored changes in the morphometric characteristics at the level of tissues and cells, the cytotoxicity and possibly bioaccumulation in various parts of the body of the organism. Selected test substance in this thesis were nanoparticles and inorganic salts. Wherein for chosen gold nanoparticles was carried out a complete study presents several levels of organization of living matter (organism, tissue, cell). For selected salts compound, this study was carried out on the behavior of organisms and classical endpoints.
Physicochemical Aspects of Ecological Heat-transfer Fluids
Skolil, Jan ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Čorňák, Štefan (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This thesis develops composition of heat transfer fluids with antifreeze properties next to traditional one component glycols produced from propene and ethene. Based on assessment of physical properties it considers application of progressive antifreeze compounds of glycerine and propan-1,3-diole and their mixtures with classic glycols, which do not have negative influence on the environment and which are produced in last years from renewable sources. Due to the necessity of selection of certain compromise between their heat transfer properties, price, solubility and other factors physical properties of selected mixtures are determined together with synergy of each compound, including formulas with glycols: ethan 1,2 diol and propan 1,2 diol Another evaluated factor of studied formulations in addition to their heat transfer properties was anticorrosive protection of common corrosion inhibitors mixtures. The result of whole work is the proposal of several most perspective formulations based on mixtures of polyhydric alcohols in terms of their features enabling them heat transfer, reasonable costs, and the restrictions of impact of their use, particularly in heat transfer systems, to human health and the environment. The knowledge of physical properties of water solutions of polyhydric alcohols mixtures also helps to better using of recycled materials from planning recycling plant for glycols.
Surfactants in Surface and Waste Water
Štefka, Michal ; Vávrová, Milada (referee) ; Chýlková, Jaromíra (referee) ; Kráčmar, Stanislav (referee) ; Čáslavský, Josef (advisor)
This work is focused on the occurrence of surface-active substances in the environment. It deals with the development and optimization of methods for the determination of selected surfactants in samples from rivers and from influent and effluent of wastewater treatment plants. Representatives of anionic, nonionic and zwitterionic surfactants were selected as target compounds. Based on optimization of analytical methods and their pilot testing abroad on samples of surface water, the selection of analytes for the conditions in the Czech Republic were corrected and operatively expanded. For the final analysis liquid chromatography with mass spectrometry was used. Analysis of cationic surfactants was realized using liquid chromatograph with UV-VIS detector. This optimized method for analysis of anionic surfactants was applied to real samples. Samples of surface running water were from the River Thurso in Scotland and then from watercourses in the catchment area of Moravia river were collected. In addition to the grab sampling also continuous weekly sampling of water from Tvaroženský potok and Litava was realized. Waste water was collected at inflow and outflow of three wastewater treatment plants (WWTP) in South Moravia (Brno – Modřice, Břeclav and Hodonín).

National Repository of Grey Literature : 219 records found   beginprevious21 - 30nextend  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
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3 VÁVROVÁ, Marie
5 VÁVROVÁ, Martina
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