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Contemporary Iroquois and their identity
Šavelková, Lívia ; Kašpar, Oldřich (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kováč, Milan (referee)
This doctoral thesis deals with problems of identification of people who 1) consider themselves as Iroquois, or 2) are considered as Iroquois. The Iroquois are original inhabitants of North America living predominantly in the northeastern part of the U.S.A. (namely the State of New York) and in adjacent parts of Canada (provinces Ontario and Quebec). The thesis concentrates mainly on the process of identity or identities formation in the context of policies of the U.S. (and individual union states) and Canada (and individual Canadian provinces) which stipulate the legal framework for definition of membership of the group, rules for border crossing and jurisdiction in the reserves. Further the thesis examines the selfidentification of the Iroquois on the basis of kinship, place of residence, recognition or rejection of own political representatives and consequently fractioning of communities, religions, native languages, symbols, oral traditions and specific matters such as the game of lacross. A special emphasis is laid on boarding schools which formed the part of assimilationist policies of the U.S. and Canadian governments and exerted enormous influence on the shape of identity of the Aboriginal peoples. The position and activities of the Iroquois on the international scene are also discussed as part of...
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Islamophobia in the Czech Republic: the analysis of local press in the period 1996-2005
Vesecký, Jiří ; Pargač, Jan (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Matějů, Martin (referee)
In this summary I'd like to recapitulate the structure of this work, in particular the bindings between its parts. In the introduction I've defined islamophobia and relevant terms and presented possible ways of its division. A certain ambiguousness of the word "islamophobia" results from the fact that it's composed of two somewhat different parts. First one is the aversion to Islam and the second is the aversion to Muslims as people, especially immigrants. Both these parts are closely related and are often inseparable. That's why it isn't appropriate to use two separate terms. Nevertheless the difference of these two parts is in many ways similar to the difference of the terms xenophobia and racism (or neoracism). My research implies that in Czech press, the first option, i.e. the negative stereotypization of Islam as a whole, is much more numerous. On the other hand Halliday's concept of division of islamophobia into "strategic" and "populist" is based on historical context and as such is suitable mainly for the assessment of prevailing motivations of islamophobia on the national or larger level. This is also one of the reasons why I presented the history of Muslim presence in our territory, which implies that in Czech republic, contrary to the majority of other European countries, the "strategic"...
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Media as cultural institutions
Pultarová, Tereza ; Matějů, Martin (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor)
This thesis is focused on the processes of motivation, selection and socialization of the media employees in Czech Television News as well as on the social structure, norms and values within the organization. The special attention is given to the people who are working as journalists. Those people - TV journalists - are the most important group of employees in every television news, others are cameramen, editors, producers or technicians. The journallists have special privileges. They are the only real decision makers and gate keepers and they are in fact creating the face of the news. The most important thing is that they are the only group of employees, who can enter the TV screen. The act of entering the TV screen is very atractive for the adepts of TV career. It gives them the oportunity of being exposed to millions of TV viewers and become somewhat more special and more famous than any "normal" person. Because of this reward of being a little bit famous, the TV journalist are often able to stand a strong pressure of time stress and relationships, which are full of rivalry. The organization has a strong pervasive effect on the individuals, who are often ready to give most of their lives to it. They consider their work very important and give much more attention to the content of TV broadcasting than any...
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Islamophobia in the Czech Republic: the analysis of local press in the period 1996-2005
Vesecký, Jiří ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Matějů, Martin (referee)
In this summary I'd like to recapitulate the structure of this work, in particular the bindings between its parts. In the introduction I've defined islamophobia and relevant terms and presented possible ways of its division. A certain ambiguousness of the word "islamophobia" results from the fact that it's composed of two somewhat different parts. First one is the aversion to Islam and the second is the aversion to Muslims as people, especially immigrants. Both these parts are closely related and are often inseparable. That's why it isn't appropriate to use two separate terms. Nevertheless the difference of these two parts is in many ways similar to the difference of the terms xenophobia and racism (or neoracism). My research implies that in Czech press, the first option, i.e. the negative stereotypization of Islam as a whole, is much more numerous. On the other hand Halliday's concept of division of islamophobia into "strategic" and "populist" is based on historical context and as such is suitable mainly for the assessment of prevailing motivations of islamophobia on the national or larger level. This is also one of the reasons why I presented the history of Muslim presence in our territory, which implies that in Czech republic, contrary to the majority of other European countries, the "strategic"...
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Construction of romany identity - some aspects of the construction of Romanipen and its variability in time
Rejžková, Jana ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Červenka, Jan (advisor)
This study deals with several aspects of the construction of Romani identity. It is focused on ways of the Romani identity construction and its bases. Romani identity is conceived as a relation of Roma to their neighboring Romani or non-Romani groups, which is based on the perception of socially significant cultural differences. The paper considers common cultural elements that serve as bases for construction of particular Romany identities, as well as concrete examples of Romani communities and their specific manners of romanipen construction. The study also deals with the relation between culture and ethnic identity and their variability in time. It answers the question, if due to changes in Romani culture the Romani identity disappears gradually or persists. By two interviews with young Roma living in Prague, the paper shows a current form of Romani identity within present urban society.
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Ukrainian Labour Migration to the Czech Republic
Popela, Jaroslav ; Ezzeddine, Petra (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
The topic of the thesis is a labour migration from the Ukraine to the Czech Republic. The author is interested in legal and illegal ways of stay and working of Ukrainian labour migrants in the Czech Republic. One of the crucial research questions is: Is it easier and more profitable for people to work legally or illegally in the Czech Republic? Another important issue is represented by question: Why people take advantage of illegal techniques to fulfil their intentions? What kind of problems do they have? The paper is focused on problems concerning acquirement of visa, labour permission, health insurance and other documents necessary for the legal stay and labour in the Czech Republic. Migrants can make use of services of socalled clients in such cases. The clients manage to obtain documents, work, accommodation and so on. However, some services of the clients can be illegal and sometimes part of the clients can be connected with the organized crime (maffia). Such dishonest clients exploit migrants and steal money from them. Last but not least, the thesis deals with the history of the migration from the Ukraine to the Czech Republic in the twentieth century, the demographic data and the migration trends.
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Woman's and men's roles in the Iban tribe in Kalimantan
Remešová, Blanka Michaela ; Vrhel, František (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee)
The doctoral thesis studies woman's and men's roles in the Iban tribe in Kalimantan. As a result of the growing influence of the majority society, these crofters, originally living in the heart of the primeval forest, have undergone many changes in the last 20 years. They have to cope with a different lifestyle and values hectically imposed upon them to a large extent. This process influences the structure of the whole society, and affects also the traditional system of male and female roles. Through deep study and analysis of female and male activities, I have studied penetrability of the assigned roles, which start to appear as impaired or non-functional, and which determine the creation of new structures.
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Changes and continuity in personal identities among Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic
Hyánková, Tereza ; Uherek, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Pargač, Jan (referee) ; Brouček, Stanislav (referee)
This dissertation thesis reports original interviews and observations concerning the adjustments made by Kabyl immigrants to the Czech Republic. Following anthropological field methodology and social sciences theories these data are contrasted with studies elsewhere concerning Algerian immigrants to France. Other immigrant communitites are also considered for comparative purposes. All of these studies including this thesis demonstrate that social identity is flexible, dynamic and socially constructed in response to various social circumstances encountered by the immigrants.
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The City as an Image
Altová, Blanka ; Havelka, Miloš (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Horský, Jan (referee)
Blanka Altová: Abstrakt disertační práce, FHS UK Praha. Katedra obecné antropologie The city as an image. Kutna Hora. To view and interpret a historical city as an image is a way of finding relationship to past from the position of presence and uncovering the ties of the physical and existential understanding of the city. At the same time using the concept of the image I want to clearly express that i talk about the physical (not social) image of the city. Physical image, namely architecture and spatial organization of cities I perceive as sources in situ and, in accordance with the art historian Pierre Francastel, as a result and part of system of figurative expression (thinking through image), which was established and developed parallel with the intellectual system. From the viewpoint of the presence the past of the city can be seen through prism of different concepts. I choose the concept of collective memory (Maurice Halbwachs, Pierre Nora), because I'm interested in not only what really happened but also what did not and should have or could have happened. I use the iconographic analysis and iconological methods of art history for content-interpretation of the symbolic meanings of architecture, urban planning and urban themes (in painting, drawing, in relief). I choose these subjects because of their...
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Searching and finding: Jewish identity of Czech women
Vyžvaldová, Kateřina ; Mucha, Ivan (advisor) ; Uherek, Zdeněk (referee) ; Kosek, Jan (referee)
The goal of the dissertation thesis is to present and to analyze experiences of Czech lewish women who discover their lewish roots and of those who are becoming lewish through conversion in Prague and in Israel. These experiences are placed in the context of general understandings of religion, religious conversion, ethnic identity, authenticity and women's choices about their roles in society in the 21st century. I examine the ways, in which these women conduct their search for forms of lewish affiliation, their struggle to construct model s of being lewish, and their attempts at legitimizing or authenticating their belonging to the lewish collective. The thesis presents a qualitative study of lewish identity in young Czech women between ages 23 and 31, drawn from across Czech Jewish community. I conducted 16 semistructured in-depth interviews and spent 5 months doing participant observation. The narrative analysis employs the principles of grounded theory (as described by Glaser & Strauss 1967, Strauss & Corbin 2007). The analysis focuses on the patterns involved in narrating identity.
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