National Repository of Grey Literature 46 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Disorders in regulation of immunity - allergy and autoimunne diseases
Kayserová, Jana ; Šedivá, Anna (advisor) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee) ; Thon, Vojtěch (referee)
The pathology of immune system can lead to immune disorders. Immunodeficencies are caused by insufficient or missing immune response. On the other hand, allergies and autoimmune disorders represent a consequence of wrong control of the immune reaction and breakdown of an immune tolerance. Immunopathogenesis of allergic and autoimmune diseases are to some extent common to both immunopathologies; both represent harmful hypersensitive reaction to autoantigen or allergen and lead to the destruction of tissues and organs or to their dysfunction. Allergy and autoimmunity result from the combination of internal, mainly genetic, and external factors, such as infection. In this thesis, we focused on the mechanisms that lead to the disorders of regulation of immune reaction. We studied cohorts of patients with allergy or autoimmunity and we concentrated first on the genetic omponents that underlie both immun opathologies, furtheron mechanisms of innate immunity, particularly dendritic cells and finally on the adaptive immunity, mainly B cells and antibodies. One of our projects presented our experience with the therapy influencing B lymphocytes using monoclonal antibody against CD20 (rituximab). In summary, our studies present a complex view on immune reactions that contribute to allergic and autoimmune diseases. Our...
The role of dendritic cells in various pathological states
Sochorová, Klára ; Bartůňková, Jiřina (advisor) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee) ; Stříž, Ilja (referee)
Dendritic cells (DCs) represent one of the most important components of the immune system. DCs are the most effective antigen presenting cells with a unique ability to stimulate naive T cells. They ensure the crosstalk between innate and adaptive immunity. They participate in anti-infectious and anti-tumor immune reaction as well as in the induction of tolerance. It is clear, that the defect in DC can be fatal for the organism. In our work we studied the biology of DCs and the disturbances of DCs function in pathological states. We analyzed DCs in patients with Bruton's tyrosin kinase deficiency, we compared the effect of vitamin D analogs, calcitriol and paricalcitol, on DCs and we set up the protocol of DC generation for the immunotherapy of ovarian cancer. In the study concerning btk deficiency and dendritic cell function we found profound impairment of IL-6 and TNF production in response to the stimulation by Toll-like receptor ligand 8. In the second part of our work we compared the effect of calcitriol and paricalcitol on DCs. Both drugs inhibited DCs maturation and decreased their ability to induce proliferation of antigen specific T cells. In the third part of our work we set up the protocol for the DCs, which are able to induce tumor specific immune responses. We optimized the form of tumor antigen...
Immune response of mouse respiratory tract after immunization with influenza virus
Berková, Veronika ; Prokešová, Ludmila (advisor) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee)
Immune response of mice after mucosal immunization by influenza virus type A with bacterial adjuvant Bacillus firmus Immunization of mice by inactivated influenza virus via respiratory tract induces a good mucosal and systemic immune response if bacterial adjuvant - delipidated G+ non- pathogenic bacterium Baccillus firmus (DBF) - is used. BALB/c mice were immunized intratracheally (IT) or intranasally (IN) with inactivated influenza A/PR/8/34 virus in combination with adjuvant DBF (50, 100, 200 or 500μg per immunization dose). We tested the production of antibodies against homologous virus and cross-reacting antibodies against subtype H3N2, H6N2 and H9N2 viruses in serum and mucosal secretions of nose, lungs and intestine by the ELISA method. Immunization of mice with virus itself induces the production of antibodies against homologous virus and lower production of cross-reacting antibodies against heterologous subtypes. Immunostimulatory adjuvant activity (optimal 100μg per immunization dose) enhances systemic and mucosal antibody production against homologous virus (H1N1) and markedly against heterologous subtypes (H3N2, H6N2, H9N2), especially after IT immunization of mice. For evaluation of cellular immunity, we tested spleen cell proliferation of immunized mice by 3 H-thymidine incorporation and...
Topography of signaling molecules on the plasma membrane in the course of mast cell activation
Lebduška, Pavel ; Dráber, Petr (advisor) ; Šebo, Peter (referee) ; Benada, Oldřich (referee) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee)
presented technique of plasma membrane sheet preparation from nonadherent cells may facilitate research in this field. It must be, however, mentioned that a plastic view ofsignal transduction across the plasma membrane can be achieved only by combination of various mutually complementary approaches. Conclusions Three techniques of lsoladon of plasmr m€mbrane sh$ts from nonadherent BMMC mast cells have bmn developed. one of them, based on edsorption ofl€ukocýes to glass suďace, turned out to be very promlsing md provided many scientifrc datr(article E). Actlvation of RBL m9st c€l|s by FGRI raeptor dimerintion led to increme of Grb2 adaptor content in the Plasma membrane. Ilowever' by contřast to the case of receptor mu|t|merintion, this Grb2 did not sign|ficantly colocallz€ w|th FERI' and' by |mmuno|rbeling of membrane she€ts, distribution of FC5RI wrs not d|stinguishabl€ from the disfibution on nonact|vrted ce|ls (article A). BMMC, In contrast to RBL cells, after multimerization of FaRI did not form larger aggregat€s ofthis r€c€ptor thrn nonact|vat€d cells did. FGRI muldmer|ation led to lts int€rna|iation of comparable intensity rnd overa|l dynemics ln BMMC end RBL cel|s' but loce| redistribut|on of FaRI fundamentďly differed betwcn these two c€|| wes (article E). Established mode| oflrrg€ (8pproxim8t€|y...
Molecular genetics of celiac disease
Němečková, Iva ; Daňková, Pavlína (advisor) ; Tučková, Ludmila (referee)
Celiac disease is an organ-specific autoimmune disease that arises as a consequence of hypersensitivity to the grain gluten in genetically susceptible individuals. Genetic predisposition are HLA-DQ2 and HLA-DQ8 genes, which are necessary but not sufficient for the emergence of celiac disease; it is involved in approximately 40% of the inheritance. In the course of the time, other genes that might contribute to the pathogenesis of celiac disease are being discovered. Among these so-called candidate genes, which are sought on the basis of known knowledge of molecular mechanisms of innate and adaptive immune responses, are for example: MIC, TNF, CTLA-4, CD28, ICOS, MYO9B, MMP, TLR and PTPN22. Immune response triggered by gluten peptide penetration into the lamina propria leads to mucosal damage. Different gluten peptides are involved in the pathology of celiac disease in different ways, some peptides trigger an adaptive immune response, while others, such as peptide p31- 43, triggers an innate immune response.
The possibilities to influence the response of innate immune cells to gliadin
Drašarová, Hana ; Tučková, Ludmila (advisor) ; Bezouška, Karel (referee)
Gluten sensitive entheropathy - celiac disease is a lifelong, genetically predisposed, immunologically mediated susceptibility to dietary wheat gluten, most frequently demonstrated by small-bowel damage and malabsorption syndrome. Strict adherence to gluten-free diet is the sole rational therapy of the disease. One of the possible therapeutic strategy for the treating of celiac disease is to utilize the synthetic polymer P(HEMA-co-SS). This polymer is capable specifically bound gliadin in gastrointestinal tract and by this way to neutralize the damaging effect of this alimentary protein on mucosa of small intestine in celiac patients. The in vitro study on human PBMC and specimens of small intestinal biopsies of celiac patients in our laboratory demonstrated that putative therapeutic ability of P(HEMA-co-SS) is substantially influenced by degree of proteolytic processing of gliadin and P(HEMA- co-SS) and also by different timing of per os administration of both components in organism. Another putative adjuvant therapy of celiac disease is employing of the beneficial probiotic bacterial strains. Our experiments were based on the findings of Prof. Y Sánz and her group demonstrating the significant differences in the composition of bacterial microflora in patients with active form of celiac disease,...

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2 Tučková, Lenka
6 Tučková, Lucie
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