|
|
Morphological feattures of ice wedge polygons in arctic zone.
Kysilka, Tomáš ; Křížek, Marek (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
Morphological features of ice wedge polygons in arctic zone Abstract This bachelor thesis deals with the subject of ice-wedge polygons including theirs morphological characteristics and conditions prerequisite for their creation. The paper states the conditions which allow and inhibit frost cracking of the ground. First part presents the conclusions of scientific literature published on the topic of permafrost, frost cracking, ice- wedges and ice-wedge polygons. Consequently the paper discusses the relation of ice-wedge polygons morphology to climate and lithology. Further the thesis analyzes morphological characteristics of ice-wedge polygonal net localized at southwest part of Banks Island, Canadian Arctic Archipelago. Acquired data and conclusions are confronted with published periglacial literature. Keywords: ice-wedge, ice-wedge polygons, frost cracking, permafrost, Banks Island, arctic zone
|
|
|
Long tree-ring records in Central Europe and their climatologic significance
Gregor, Tadeáš ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Ponocná, Tereza (referee)
Submitted bachelor thesis is considered with use of tree-ring dates for reconstruction of climatic conditions in the past. There is a review of some most important long tree-ring reconstructions worldwide and a review of long central-european tree-ring reconstructions in the tesis. Central European dendroclimatic reconstructions longer than 250 years were compared to each other in accordance with their length, statistical strenghtness and ability to preserve high- and/or low-frequency climatic signal. Resulting reconstructions were also compared in this bachelor thesis. Greater variability among temperature reconstructions is evident contrary to conformity of hydroclimatic reconstructions. Localisation of Central European chronologies, possible causes of differencies among reconstructions and comparisons with other proxy data were discussed. Keywords: tree-rings, dendrochronology, dendroclimatology, climate
|
|
| |
|
|
Evaluation of the changes of local spatial plan of the town of Sušice in the course of the last 15 years
Havránková, Ivana ; Perlín, Radim (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
This diploma thesis focuses on the evaluation of the changes buildable areas and areas of redevelopment in the spatial plan of the city of Sušice, which took place the limit 1999 - 2014. In the first part of the work are these changes evaluated on the basis of the quantitative data from the point of view of development in time, from the point of view of the functional definition and in terms of the fullness of the spatial plan from the perspective of the land coverage of an. In the second part of the work, the changes are evaluated on the basis of the qualitative data obtained from structured interviews with the representatives of the public administration in the city of Sušice and the private designers, who treat changes in the labour office. The results of the work indicate that during the study period were in the town of Sušice defined excess capacity buildable territory, which could not be used. In terms of functional use were in the newly demarcated areas identified features of housing. And as the most common causes the definition of the new buildable areas and areas of redevelopment during the reporting period have been identified the requirements of private land owners. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
|
|
|
Defining national geoparks in the Czech Republic - evaluation from the perspective of geodiversity
Masopustová, Lenka ; Romportl, Dušan (advisor) ; Treml, Václav (referee)
This thesis summarizes the basic knowledge about Geoparks with a focus on the situation in the Czech Republic. The study shows their position in nature and landscape conservation and describes Czech Geoparks on the basis of selected natural characteristics. It further includes comparative analysis of criteria for obtaining the title National Geopark, respectively European Geopark. The practical part deals with approaches and methods of evaluation of geodiversity in the Czech Republic regarding the distribution of current and planned Geoparks. Based on the results of the analysis it suggests another areas suitable for definition. The study provides a comprehensive geodiversity index based on the sum of standardized values of Shannon's diversity index (SHDI) that had been calculated separately for each data bases.
|
|
|
Alpine treelines in the High Asia and their relation to temperatures
Yakubouskaya, Alina ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
Treeline is a gradual transition from closed forest to treeless areas at a certain elevation above the sea. According to its forms, we distinguish diffuse, abrupt, island treelines and krummholz. Depending on the form we can assume the main factors affecting its occurrence and possible response to climatical changes. Generally, the position of the treeline in various latitudes relates to the thermal characteristics, mainly to the temperatures of the growing season, limiting tree growth, the availability of necessary nutrients and seedling survival. Limitation by an insufficient carbon balance as a cause of the ecotone, is not considered as a major or decisive factor by many authors. In most cases they proved a sufficient carbon balance at the treelines and fixed an incresing amount of non-structural carbohydrates, needed for trees to activate their growth after a period of dormancy. This work was focused primarily on identifying the positions of the treeline in the mountains of High Asia, and determining the basic thermal characteristics relating to these sites. The best indicator, connected to the position of the treeline in this region was founded. The results were compared with global research. Key words: treeline; diffuse, abrupt and island treelines, krummholz, sink limitation hypothesis,...
|
|
|
Distinct eco-phenomena in Central Europe
Majerová, Martina ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Romportl, Dušan (referee)
The subject of essay is eco-phenomena and its influence on landscape diversity. The essay contains definitions of particular eco-phenomena types and attributes elaboration focused on extraordinariness of this effect. Each eco-phenomena type is described, his uniqueness is illustrated on examples of local vegetation types and eco-phenomena description is completed by concrete locations with this sort of effect. Next part of the essay contains information about distribution particular eco- phenomena locations on the Czech Republic territory. There are information about description mentioned locations and sorting according to bio geographic classification of the Czech Republic. There is map included. Key words: eco-phenomena, phenomena, biodiversity, geodiversity, landscape
|
|
|
Tree-ring chronology of Norway spruce, a study from the Eastern Krkonoše Mts.
Janda, Martin ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Kolář, Tomáš (referee)
3 ABSTRACT Presented thesis is focused on the development of Norway spruce (Picea abies (L.) Karst.) dendrochronologic standard for the high elevation zone of the Eastern Krkonoše Mts.. Samples were taken from individuals growing either in supramontane forest or in the treeline ecotone. Additional increment cores were sampled in old cottages and chalets. Various elements of roof constructions and timbering were the source of dendrochronologic material. Aim of the thesis was to develop long and reliable tree-ring chronology using standardisation techniques which retain also lower frequency climate variations. Two standard tree-ring chronologies were developed - first using double detrending standardisation (DD, 1792-2006), second using regional curve standardisation (RCS, 1811- 1970). Analyzed historic material significantly differs from tree-ring curves derived from standing trees, thus achieving the composite chronology was impossible. Cottage no. 9 in Svoboda nad Úpou is with its origin after AD 1711 outstanding among thirteen successfully dated historic buildings. Both RCS even DD chronologies retain lower frequency variations. DD chronology can be successfully used in events and some buildings dating. Response function analysis was made using monthly instrumental records from the Sněžka meteorological...
|
|
|
An analysis of exposure effect on treeline ecotone, Krkonoše Mts.
Ponocná, Tereza ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
The thesis deals with the influence of thermal conditions on the growth of the trees along the slopes with differing exposure to solar radiation in the alpine treeline ecotone in the Eastern Giant Mountains. Methodological approach was based on the measuring of the tree top and root zone temperatures, measurement of the dendrometric parameters (tree height, length increment) and radial increment of the Norway spruce (Picea abies). The results show only weak relation between significant temperature characteristics and exposure effect in the alpine treeline ecotone, which correspond to the growth rates of the sampled trees. Slightly higher temperatures were found on the south-facing slopes during the growing seasons in case of the closed canopy forest. Soil and air temperatures in tree groups were a bit higher on the north-facing slopes. In closed-canopy forest there was larger radial increment on south-facing slopes of Lu_ní hora, on the slopes of Malý Šišák there were similar growth trend on both slope exposures. In tree groups there were found larger increments on north-facing slope of Lu_ní hora, on the sampled sites of Malý Šišák there were found larger increment on south-facing slope during the 20th century, then in last decade larger increment was recorded on northfacing slope. Based on standard...
|
|
|
Past dynamic of alpine treeline ecotone in the eastern part of the Krkonoše Mts.
Jungrová, Alena ; Treml, Václav (advisor) ; Chuman, Tomáš (referee)
4 Abstract The purpose of the diploma thesis is the analysis of changes in the alpine treeline ecotone with focus on the age structure and cover of the Norway spruce (Picea Abies) in the Giant Mountains in the 20th century. The altitudinal position and the tree density of the alpine treeline ecotone is a sensitive indicator which reflects the human impact as well as the climatic and air pollution changes. Methodical approach included the measuring of the age structure of the Norway spruce by using dendrochronology. In addition the changes of the spruce cover were evaluated from a series of aerial photographs dated 1936, (1953) 1964, 1985 and 2002. Those photographs were orthorectified and classified. The age distribution in the majority of the sample locations is irregular with some prominent peaks that are corresponding to the periods of good conditions and dips pointing out to the periods of disturbances. There is an evident peak during the 30s and 40s which is the same period of the increase of average temperatures of the growing season. On the contrary, depression during the 70s and 80s is detected only in the case of closed-canopy forest. The increasing number of trees during the 90s is related to the decreasing air pollution and to the higher average temperature. Relatively young age structure of the...
|
guest ::
