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Notice of termination of employment in selected EU member states
Mihálik, Matej ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Štangová, Věra (referee)
Notice of termination of employment in selected EU member states The aim of this thesis is comparison of legal regulation of the notice of termination of employment in three legal systems within the EU: Slovak, English and Swedish. The thesis deals with the notices of employers and in the conclusion it contains comparison and evaluation of the legal systems. The thesis comprises four chapters. The first chapter deals with international and european legal regulation of employment termination, in particular regulation of notice of termination. The chapter contains description of international treaties and conventions concluded mainly within International Labour Organisation as well as european legal regulations and directives dealing with this matter. The second chapter deals with the Slovak regulation. At the beginning, it starts with general description of employment termination, it continues with the general requirements on notice and notice period. In the next part, the chapter describes specific notice reasons, special duties of the employer during the termination of employment and ban on the dismissal for protected groups of employees. The final part of the chapter focuses on the remedies of an employee in the case the notice of termination is declared invalid. The third chapter contains the...
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Notice of termination of employment in selected EU Member States
Gruszczyková, Natalia ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Štefko, Martin (referee)
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Health and safety at work
Šimková, Kamila ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Health and safety at work The topic of the diploma thesis is Health and safety at work (HSW). The topic has been chosen for its importance and topicality. The diploma thesis is structured into eight chapters. The first chapter gives a characterization of HSW. Safe and healthy working conditions are protecting employees and other people against harm to their health and safety. Ensuring of HSW is significant to employees, employers and society in general. The second chapter describes the history of HSW. The third chapter deals with the main legislation provided for the health and safety of people in the workplace. There are also described international organizations and their legal provisions in connection with HSW. The fourth chapter discusses the rights and obligations of both employers and employees. Employers have the primary responsibility for ensuring HSW. On the other hand, employees have to take reasonable care to protect their health and safety and the health and safety of other people in the workplace. Employers have a duty to cooperate with employees, or their representatives, on health and safety matters. There are also described rights of trade unions and representatives of employees in HSW. The fifth chapter describes further conditions for ensuring HSW. The sixth chapter discusses the...
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Safety and health protection at work
Salajka, Radek ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Resumé A person could say that from one angle the whole situation of occupational safety and health leads to a collision of two different interests of two different subjects. The main subjects are employers on one side and employees and society as a whole on the other side. Speaking of interests, there is an interest of making the biggest possible earnings and maximalization of profit, but on the other side there is an interest of maximalization of safety of the employees as a very expensive part of the business but a necessary matter of humanism and law. The solution lays on a compromise, a situation, where there is a guarantee of good safety for a reasonable price. We have to see the state as the resolver of this situation because state is laying between these two subjects and their interests and we cannot place it on the side of emloyees or employers. On the other hand state can have a big influence on the whole situation due to its statutory instruments such as legal acts and other directives. State, however, also has to resolve some opposing views inside itself. These are the maximalization of profit of companies and thus high tax income versus its target seen in the lowest possible outcome due to old-age pension and social insurance paid to employees together with the highest possible age reached by...
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Invalidity of acts in employment
Dostál, Martin ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Hůrka, Petr (referee)
Závěr Neplatnost právních úkonů v individuálním pracovním právu se v poslední době dramaticky vyvíjela. Nález Ústavního soudu1 změnil vzájemný vztah zákoníku práce a občanského zákoníku a preferencí relativní neplatnosti právních úkonů v pracovním právu prohloubil v zákoníku práce principy a zásady, na nichž je postaveno soukromé právo. Podle mého soudu je to velkým přínosem, jedním z principů soukromého práva má být rozhodnutí každého účastníka soukromoprávního vztahu, zda bude o svá práva bojovat. Nepochybně je však nutné udržet míru právní jistoty na vysoké úrovni. Pro účastníky pracovněprávních vztahů je dle mého názoru z hlediska právní jistoty výhodnější, považuje-li se právní úkon za platný, i když je tento stižen vadou, jež způsobuje jeho neplatnost, do té doby, než se jeden z účastníků jeho neplatnosti nedovolá. Jestliže se jedná o zásadní vadu, je zde zachována absolutní neplatnost právního úkonu, jak jsem uvedl výše. Upřednostněním relativní neplatnosti právních úkonů se zohledňuje snaha předcházet faktickým úkonům, uměle je nevytvářet, jak uvedl ve svém nálezu Ústavní soud, s jehož názorem na tuto problematiku se ztotožňuji. Z výše popsaných příkladů neplatnosti některých právních úkonů vyskytujících se v individuálním pracovním právu se nabízí také myšlenka zneužití prokazování domnělé...
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Collective bargaining
Štoffová, Michala ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Pichrt, Jan (referee)
"Collective bargaining" The topic of my thesis is collective bargaining. I have divided my thesis in six chapters to be well-arranged. The first charpter describes the collective bargaining from the historical point of view and its significance nowadays. I try to express the important moments in the development of the collective bargaining and emphasize its importace in todays world. The second chapter contains regulation of the collective labour law as a whole. I am focusing mainly on the subjects and forms of the collective labour law and collective bargaining is right one of them. I am placing the emphasis firstly on the description of a state as a subject of collective labour law relationships and union organizations. The third chapter focuses on collective bargaining itself, contains its domestic and international legal form. The fifth chapter targets the process of collective bargaining, especially its initiation and strategy. The main goal - a collective agreement - is included in the fifth chapter. A collective dispute elaboration is included at the conclusion of my thesis because at the collective bargaining each party can have a different point of view on a certain topic. The main source of this thesis is the Act N. 262/2006 Coll., the Labour Code of the Czech republic, Act N. 2/1991 Coll., a...
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Public health insurance and its reform in the Czech Republic
Spolek, Josef ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Zemanová, Jana (referee)
118 PUBLIC HEALT INSURANCE AND ITS REFORM IN THE CZECH REPUBLIC The aim of this thesis is to describe the system of public health insurance in the Czech Republic and its reform. This topic was selected due to my personal interest in this area of social security and its current reform measures. The current state of public health insurance shows many deficiencies, which I attempt to reveal and suggest their solutions. The social security involves all population and therefore is a sensitive subject; maximum effort must be made to resolve it successfully for the long term. The thesis consists of eight chapters. Chapter 1 contains reasons for choosing the subject of the thesis, its aims and basic aspects of this area of social security. Chapter 2 explains the concept of social security and it's financing. Financing of healthcare is described in Chapter 3. There is also the definition of public and private financing systems, the basic financing models and the respective sources of healthcare financing in the Czech Republic, Germany, France and Switzerland. Chapter 4 deals with public health insurance and it contains the definition of public health insurance, its development from before the First Czechoslovak Republic until today, sources and finally the definition of the principles of public health insurance....
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The legal position of the private healthcare providers in the Czech healthcare system
Dobiáš, Michal ; Tröster, Petr (advisor) ; Koldinská, Kristina (referee)
The purpose of my Master's thesis in law is to analyse the legal position which the private healthcare providers (i.e. operators of private healthcare facilities) occupy in the Czech healthcare system, particularly in the system of public health insurance. Since the private providers emerged in the Czech Republic only after the Velvet Revolution in 1989, the development of their position within the system is relatively short and unsettled. The legal regulation of the field is quite complicated, yet is the subject of strong political controversies, partly due to the generous but vaguely formulated constitutional right to free healthcare. Currently, the Parliament is in the middle of adoption of the healthcare reform of larger scale which would make changes that deserve to be examined. The thesis is composed of Introduction, three chapters and Conclusion. Each of the chapters aims on different aspect of the topic; however, they are interlinked by common legal institutes which play role in the whole thesis. First two subchapters of Chapter I are most general and introduce the possible ways of financing healthcare (public and private insurers, direct payment) and its specifics. The options of foreign citizens are also clarified. After the conclusion that the most important system in the Czech context...
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