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Multilateralism in Mali. The French presidential discourse 2012-2022
Holotová, Olga ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Weiss, Tomáš (referee)
1 Abstract This master's thesis examines the stance of two French presidents towards a multilateral solution to the Malian crisis between 2012 and 2022. Specifically, it examines the presidential term of François Hollande and the first presidential term of Emmanuel Macron. This corresponds to the culmination of the Malian crisis, followed by the launch of Operation Serval, and the decision to withdraw French troops from Mali. The research focuses on presidential discourse in the form of 46 selected presidential speeches related to African policy towards Mali. Based on the characteristics of the French political system, the French president is a key actor in foreign policy, and his discourse therefore represents a relevant resource for examining the French stance towards multilateral cooperation in resolving the Malian crisis and the French position in its framework. From a methodological point of view, the thesis is a case study consisting of two cases of the two presidential terms mentioned above. Both presidential discourses are analysed using the method of critical discourse analysis. By identifying the key discursive elements referring to unilateral or multilateral perceptions of the French presence in Mali, the thesis defines the prevailing framework of the discourse of the two presidents and thus also...
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Analysis of dispute settlement mechanism in Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the EU and the UK
Kurková, Michaela ; Šlosarčík, Ivo (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
The thesis deals with the analysis of the dispute settlement mechanism in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement between the European Union and the United Kingdom of Great Britain and Northern Ireland. The present legal arrangements governing the relationship between the United Kingdom, as the first former member state, and the European Union entail a number of ambiguities in political and legal discourse. In order to obtain a comprehensive picture and achieve the research objective, the thesis also includes the Withdrawal Agreement and a selected new generation trade agreement, the EU-Korea Agreement, as part of its analysis. To achieve this objective, the thesis sets out to answer two research questions, that is (1) how the institutional provisions of the agreements involved in the system of dispute settlement differ from each other and, where applicable, from the provisions of standard trade agreements concluded by the EU, and (2) how the dispute settlement mechanism foreseen by the individual agreements differ from each other and, where applicable, from other dispute settlement mechanisms in EU trade agreements. By answering the research questions, the author tests the hypothesis of the persistence of EU influences on the dispute settlement system in the Trade and Cooperation Agreement and the...
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Sartre and His Perception by Czech Intellectuals in 1960s
Molodkina, Irina ; Matějka, Ondřej (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee) ; Emler, David (referee)
The relationships between the power blocs during the Cold war have been researched by scholars. The question of the influence of Western ideas and representatives on the political thought in Czechoslovakia is still discussed. Although major differences were happening due to the work of institutions, their functioning was not possible without specific personalities. The aim of this thesis is to show how Jean-Paul Sartre and his arrival to Prague in 1960s did influence Czech intellectuals. The issue is approached by the review of the biography of the French philosopher, highlighting crucial events that linked him more with the Czechoslovak society, and then analyzing the way the Czech intellectuals reacted to his ideas and statements. Sartre was chosen as an intellectual who was uniting both, the East and the West, and went through a change of views, after the occurrence of several international events with the direct intervention of the USSR. Realistic views of the Czech representatives are facing relatively optimistic ideas of Sartre on the reformation of the Marxist ideology and preservation of it as the ruling one.
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Catalan identity and nationalism from the perspective of Catalan and Spanish political parties between 2014 and 2017
Pěkná, Adéla ; Kasáková, Zuzana (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
The period from 2014 to 2017 was marked in Catalonia by many events and tensions surrounding independence issues. This work "Catalan identity and nationalism from the perspective of Catalan and Spanish political parties between 2014 and 2017" aims to find out how identity themes are captured in the programs of political parties across the entire political spectrum in Catalonia, i. e. in the programs of both national and Catalan parties, and whether the processing of these themes leads to a clear interpretation of Catalan identity or problematizes it. The work is based on the interpretation of the nation according to Anthony D. Smith and the national identity derived from it, expanded with linguistic themes and cultural peculiarities of the community of nations according to Eric J. Hobsbawm. The application of thematic analysis on the political proclamations were identified based on the formulation of these parties' national-identity perception of Catalonia. The basic source are the election programs of the Catalan political parties. This work concludes that the themes represented by the national-identity issue in the program of Catalan political parties are language, protection of cultural heritage and territorial identity. However, processing these topics does not lead to a clear interpretation of...
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European Union Artificial Intelligence Regulation: framework and discussion
Tolepbergen, Miras ; Kołodziej, Jacek (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
The research aims to examine how and to what extent the media, outlets that are perceived as the most influential by the EU decision-makers in Brussels, translate the European Commission's, the main promoter, discourse on AI regulation. And pertinent question is: how does the media's discourse relate to the Commission's institutional discourse on AI regulation? To answer it, the research relies on framing theory to offer an analysis of frames produced and disseminated by the media and the Commission. A comparative study provided not only a description of certain types of frames disseminated by both actors but also explored their relationship and interaction. Overall, it was concluded that even though the Commission's frames are present in the media's discourse, they are not replicated because other factors, including journalists' perspective and caution about powerful and yet mysterious technology, might have influenced significantly their media framing of the AI regulation issue. Thus, the media frame setting process's main logic was illustrated.
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The approach of the Spanish left and right to dealing with dictatorship through memory laws, using the example of the Law on Stolen Children
Goluchová, Kristýna ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Menclová, Barbora (referee)
The thesis falls within the scientific field of collective memory and memory laws. It examines the way in which collective memory is used by Spanish political parties during the process of coming to terms with the legacy of dictatorship and the transition to democracy, and in particular how this differs between right-wing and left-wing parties. These approaches are demonstrated through the main memory laws that have been adopted in the Kingdom of Spain, namely the Amnesty Law of 1977, the Historical Memory Law of 2007 and the Democratic Memory Law of 2022. The thesis also includes a case study in which the parliamentary debate on the proposal to adopt a memory law on stolen children is analysed, in which representatives of the right-wing and left-wing Spanish parties expressed their views on the proposal.
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Issue Definitions in the Agenda-Setting of the European Union
Ullrichová, Eliška ; Tomalová, Eliška (advisor) ; Dias, Vanda Rafaela Amaro (referee) ; Pinheiro, Rómulo (referee)
Agenda-setting dynamics are widely acknowledged as a combination of issue definitions and venues. Although venues have been receiving significant scholarly attention, the concept of issue definition is poorly developed and lacks operationalization. This PhD thesis therefore offers an analytical framework for issue definition encompassing three attributes (substance, salience, and framing), drawing on the interdisciplinary agenda-setting literature and interconnecting the debate of issue definitions with issue hierarchization. The proposed framework aims to contribute to the punctuated equilibrium theory by identifying what issues are defined through negative feedback (self-corrective mechanisms) and what issues are through positive feedback (shifts). The agenda of the European Council from 2014 to 2022 (the last two constellations of the European Union) is analyzed by applying the qualitative methodological approach. The findings show that the effect of positive feedback determines primary issues, i.e., the most salient issues on the agenda, and that negative feedback is connected to issues at all positions within the issue hierarchization, i.e., the negative feedback also generates primary issues. The research exposes that the feedback determining issue definitions influences which issues are on...
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The impact of international linkages on the behaviour of environmental non-governmental organisations
Suchá, Magdaléna ; Weiss, Tomáš (advisor) ; Tomalová, Eliška (referee)
Master's Thesis Magdaléna Suchá Summer 2021/2022 Abstract The growing number of NGOs has also resulted in the growing interest of academics in them. However, the available literature on NGOs suffers from several weaknesses. For example, researchers do not substantially reflect the influence of international linkages on organizational behavior. The theory of sociological institutionalism, which is the theoretical framework of this thesis, assumes that through contacts and the influence of exposure to international structures, the institution changes and with it its behavior. The aim of this thesis is therefore to find an answer to the question of whether it is indeed the different degrees of institutionalization of organizations that manifest themselves externally in different behavior. The answer to the question is sought through an analysis of the behavior of two differently internationally institutionalized NGOs linked by their subject of interest - the environment. The first organization is the Greenpeace Czech Republic, the Czech branch of the international NGO, while the second NGO is Hnutí DUHA, which has its roots purely in the Czech Republic. The first part of the thesis introduces the theory of new institutionalism with a focus on its concrete form - sociological institutionalism, followed by a...
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