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The Narrowness of the Jewish World in the <> Encyclical of James in the Context of Political and Religious Conflicts of the Second Temple Period
Tarasenko, Olexandr ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (advisor) ; Pokorný, Petr (referee) ; Ábel, František (referee)
This dissertation explores the value system held by the author of the Epistle of James. Most likely, this interesting Epistle of a former Galilean peasant is a collection of his sermons or discourses gathered and edited by one of his followers. The Epistle does not relate to any specific problems of concrete communities or persons and, therefore, it may be viewed as an encyclical letter. The author's main tone is: «you must act in this way and only this way». Therefore this document is a type of «halakhah», a literary form used by the sages of Israel before the Common Era. «Halakhah», as well as the Greek literary form paraenesis, does not imply any discussion of the material, but rather calls the readers to submission. The author of this «halakhic» encyclical shifts the attention of his readers from their realities to his idealistic world. He omits many aspects of Second-Temple-Period Jewish life, focusing his attention instead on the rules of spiritual life common for both Judeans and Christians. This focus explains why the Epistle has only two brief and indirect references to Jesus Christ, who as the hero surprisingly does not play a distinctive role. for several reasons the Messiah is replaced by famous characters from the Tanakh (i. e., Abraham, Rahab, Job, and Elijah) as being the best examples for...
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The Epistle of James as Judaeo-Cristian Halakhah: Theological, Social, and Ethical aspects
Tarasenko, Olexandr ; Veverková, Kamila (advisor) ; Lášek, Jan Blahoslav (referee)
This graduation thesis contains analysis of various aspects of the Epistle of James as Judeo- Christian halakhah addressed to the Diaspora Jews.according to an author's opinion, the author of the Epistle (traditionally, the bishop of Jerusalem church James the Just) wrote his encyclical to those readers who already knew the teachings of other Judaic and Christian missionaries. A Jew-rigorist from Palestine presented to co-brothers (who a priori were considered to be less religious) his understanding of holiness through temptations and deliberate poverty. In this paper, theological, social, and ethical aspects of the Epistle are researched through historical context of the author, i. e. his Sitz im Leben.
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