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Binding opinions within the protection of environmental components
Svoboda, Radek ; Stejskal, Vojtěch (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
1 Abstract This diploma thesis deals with the issue of binding opinions issued on the basis of individual component laws, i.e. laws that pursue the protection of individual environmental components. The aim of this diploma thesis is to provide a basic insight into the institution of binding opinions, in particular their use for the purpose of protecting individual environmental components, and a subsequent comparison with the legislation that will come into force on 1 January 2024. The first part of this thesis deals with the regulation of binding opinions in the Administrative Code, in particular their formalities, legal nature, as well as the process of issuance, including the possibility of appealing against the issued binding opinion or its subsequent review. In addition, the first part of the diploma thesis also deals with the authorities concerned, as the authorities competent to issue binding opinions. In the second part, the thesis focuses on the regulation of binding opinions in the individual component laws, with a focus on binding opinions in the Air Protection Act, the Water Act, the Agricultural Land Fund Protection Act, the Forest Act and the Nature and Landscape Protection Act. First, the current state of the legislation is discussed, then the author describes the state of the legislation...
Význam ekotonálních společenstev les-bezlesí a jejich charakteristik pro složení ornitofauny
Svoboda, Petr
Ecotonal communities are a specific habitat for a number of different organisms. This bachelor's thesis examines and compares the composition of bird nesting communities in forest-non-forest ecotonal communities and in adjacent forest-no-forest biotopes. Bird community research was carried out in 2021 used three terms of bird censuses at 90 points systematically distributed in 30 selected locations representing the forest-no-forest ecotone with different characteristics. A total of 54 bird species were recorded, 39 species in forest habitats, 3 in forestless habitats and 37 in the forest-forestless ecotone. The most abundant species were the Chiffchaff (Phylloscopus collybita Vieillot, 1817), Chaffinch (Fringilla coelebs Linnaeus, 1758) and the Blackcap (Sylvia atricapilla Linnaeus, 1758). The species composition and diversity of the bird communities differed significantly between the monitored biotopes, with the forestless communities being significantly poorer than the forest and ecotone communities. The bird community of the ecotone was made up of a combination of forest and non-forest species, but it also hosted species specific to the ecotone, such as the Yellowhammer (Emberiza citrinella Linnaeus, 1758), Tree Pipit (Anthus trivialis Linnaeus, 1758) and the Goldfinch (Carduelis carduelis Linnaeus, 1758). The proportion of the forest edge with shrubs was confirmed as the most significant characteristic of the forest-no-forest ecotone with a significant influence on the composition of bird communities, where eight species were confirmed to prefer locations with a higher proportion of shrubs along the forest edge and only two species preferred the ecotone with a minimum of shrubs.
Exploring the role of opioid signaling in modulation of microglial function
Mali, Akash Shivling ; Novotný, Jiří (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee) ; Machová Urdzíková, Lucia (referee)
Microglial activation is the most important component of neuroinflammation. It appears that opioids may affect microglial M1/M2 polarization in different ways depending on the type of receptor employed. In addition to opioid receptors, Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) of the innate immune system can also be activated by some opioid ligands and thus elicit specific cellular responses. Although opioid receptors (ORs) are known to regulate neurotransmission in various peptidergic neurons, their potential role in modulation of microglial function remains largely unknown. In this study, we investigated the effects of OR agonists, namely DAMGO, DADLE, and U-50488, on polarization and metabolic modulation of C8-B4 microglial cells. Our findings have revealed that opioids effectively suppress lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-triggered M1 polarization and promote the M2 polarization state. This was evidenced by decreased phagocytic activity, decreased production of nitric oxide (NO), diminished expression of proinflammatory cytokines such as TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-86, and IL-12 beta p40, along with an increased migration rate and elevated expression of anti-inflammatory markers such as IL-4, IL-10, IL-13 arginase 1, and CD206 in microglia compared to cells influenced by LPS. Furthermore, we have demonstrated that...
Determination of opioid receptors in cerebral cortex of rats exposed to multifunctional opioid peptides
Kusová, Pavla ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Novotný, Jiří (referee)
The subject of this bachelor thesis was to study the effects of multifunctional peptides LYS739 and LYS744 on the amount of µ-, δ-, ĸ-opioid receptors (µ-OR, δ-OR, ĸ-OR) in rat cortex. Peptides were administered by the dose of 10 mg/kg for seven days. The reference group was administered a dose of 10 mg/kg morphine for the same period of the time. The effect of morphine is mainly through µ-OR. Long-term exposure to this opioid agonist results in a reduction in the function and quantity of these receptors in the development of tolerance and dependence. Multifunctional opioid peptides have begun to be investigated for their therapeutic potential to reduce adverse effects and increase efficacy. Their potential lies in their ability to interact with multiple opioid receptors. Peptides LYS739 and LYS744 act as agonists of µ-OR, δ-OR and simultaneously as antagonists of ĸ-OR. The amount of opioid receptors was determined by SDS-PAGE followed by Western blot. The results were compared with a control group that was administered by saline and a reference group that was administered by morphine. There was almost no change in the δ-OR, ĸ-OR receptors. In the case of µ-OR, there was a decrease in morphine and LYS739, but this change was not assessed as statistically significant.
Bioinformatic analysis of RNA dynamics during mammalian oocyte-to-embryo transition
Horvat, Filip ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Bruce, Alexander (referee) ; Vioristo, Sanna (referee)
The oocyte-to-embryo transition (OET) is a complex biological process during which a terminally differentiated oocyte undergoes numerous and coordinated changes to emerge as a collection of totipotent cells - initial blastomeres of a preimplantation embryo. In mammals, this process is primarily controlled through post-transcriptional regulation of maternal RNAs and transcriptional induction of zygotic RNAs. Technological advancements of next-generation sequencing methods during the last decade enabled studying OET through bioinformatic studies of high-throughput transcriptomics and genomics datasets. The work presented in this thesis explores mechanisms of post-transcriptional regulation and dynamics of different RNAs during OET by utilizing in-depth computational analyses. The presented work is divided into three topics, all covering distinct regulatory facets of the mammalian OET and illustrating roles of different RNA species. The first topic discusses dynamics of maternal transcriptomes in mouse. In our research, we explored roles of deadenylase CNOT6L in the maternal mRNA turnover in mice. We provided evidence that animals deficient in Cnot6l expression are subfertile, due to disruption in deadenylation and degradation of maternal mRNAs deposited in the oocyte. In another study, we...
The legal position of the municipality in the implementation of a development project
Vlk, Vojtěch ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor) ; Korbel, František (referee)
The Legal Position of the Municipality in the Implementation of a Development Project Abstract This thesis is devoted to the legal analysis of the different positions of the municipality in the individual phases of the implementation of a residential development project and the resulting opportunities for the municipality to influence the development project. The text is divided into five chapters, which are arranged chronologically to follow the process of development project preparation. In the first chapter, the author defines the basic theoretical background and concepts relevant to the topic under discussion, namely the autonomous and delegated powers of the municipality, which in many cases intertwine in the process of preparing a development project. The next chapters are devoted to the process of implementation of the construction project as such. In the second chapter, the author discusses what tools the legal system entrusts to municipalities for regulating construction on their territory, and how the municipality can influence the implementation of a construction project from the position of the owner of transport or technical infrastructure, or immovable property related to it. The author analyses the individual instruments of spatial planning and specific situations that the municipality, as...
Bias of the Administrative Officials
Nová, Anna ; Vedral, Josef (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
Bias of the Administrative Officials Abstract The subject of this thesis is an analysis of the bias of public officials, which is regulated in Section 14 of Act No. 500/2004 Coll., the Administrative Procedure Code, as amended, with a primary focus on the practical aspects of the application of the institute. Special focus is also placed on the phenomenon of so-called systemic bias, which receives considerable attention from both the professional community and the general public. The thesis also examines the development of the position of the Constitutional Court and the Supreme Administrative Court's jurisprudence on the subject in the last two decades. The thesis is divided into four main chapters, which are further divided into subchapters, with selected subchapters further divided into sections. The first chapter analyses the fundamental principles of the institute of exclusion from hearing and decision-making and reviews the most significant milestones of administrative procedure codification, with a focus on the regulation of the institute of bias. The second chapter presents current legal regulation of bias in the Administrative Procedure Code as well as in special statutes and lays the theoretical groundwork necessary for a deeper insight into the issue. The third chapter focuses on the phenomenon...
Other central administrative authorities
Seidel, Antonín ; Rajchl, Jiří (advisor) ; Svoboda, Petr (referee)
Other central administrative authorities Abstract The Diploma thesis focuses on some administrative authorities of the Czech Republic which do not have a superior administrative body, and which are not led by a member of the government as in the case of ministries. These authorities are defined by the Act on the competence of central authorities as "other central administrative authorities". In the introduction to the thesis, these bodies are defined in more detail and the establishment of some of them is linked to the requirement for the independent exercise of their functions. This is followed by a chapter focusing on their history from the proclamation of an independent Czechoslovakia, covering the period after the communist takeover in 1948 to the present day. The thesis than focuses on the sources of the aforementioned requirement for independent functioning and, in this context, also on the international overview of the existence of these bodies and, above all, on the consistency of their status with the constitutional framework of the Czech Republic and with the principle of democracy in general. Some of these bodies are deliberately excluded from being bound to the government decisions, and their position "outside the hierarchical structure of public administration" creates a separation of powers...
Production of a clamp
Svoboda, Petr ; Forejt, Milan (referee) ; Podaný, Kamil (advisor)
The thesis presents a proposal for the production technology of the clamp in the company FERRUM s.r.o. It is used to connect floor grates to the supporting structure. It is manufactured from 2 mm thick DC01 sheet metal in a series of 3,500 pieces per month with subsequent surface treatment in the form of hot-dip galvanizing. From the proposed production possibilities, the technology of shearing and bending in a combined tool was chosen. Production takes place in four steps, in the first the outer contour is trimmed, in the second the short arms are bent, in the third the hole for the screw is cut, in the last the long arm is bent, and the part is separated from the rest of the blank. The design of the tool has been developed considering the production capabilities of the company's machining centre. These include turning, milling, drilling and grinding. The production requires a forming force of 387 kN and will be carried out on a LEN 63 C eccentric press located in the company's machine park.
Application of drawingless documentation in the design of a milling clamping device
Schneider, David ; Michalec, Michal (referee) ; Svoboda, Petr (advisor)
The bachelor's Thesis describes the construction of a milling fixture for clamping a component on a machine tool using drawing-less documentation. Available methods of clamping workpieces for machining are described here, and the creation of drawing-less documentation is further explained. Today, in the vast majority of cases, classic drawing documentation is used, which is in many ways more tedious than the processing of described 3D digital data about the model. The work describes the creation of drawing-less documentation on a specific design solution of a milling clamping device. This solution is developed on the basis of three proposals for possible conceptual solutions for the clamping fixture. Complete, drawingless documentation of all individual parts of the product. The bachelor's thesis shows the advantages of drawing-less documentation compared to 2D drawings of components, but also mentions shortcomings that reduce the overall impression. A possible improvement that could simplify the presentation of digital model data is suggested.

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See also: similar author names
43 SVOBODA, Pavel
91 SVOBODA, Petr
1 Svoboda, Patrik
43 Svoboda, Pavel
10 Svoboda, Peter
91 Svoboda, Petr
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