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Comparison of bioelectrical impedance analysis with skinfold thickness method in overweight persons
Kočvarová, Eliška ; Bunc, Václav (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
The aim of the thesis was to compare the methods most frequently used to determine the amount of body fat in overweight persons. Two bioelectrical impedance analyses using the analyzer Nutriguard-M and Inbody 3.0 and the skinfold test using the calliper Best were compared with a reference method (underwater weighting). The objective was to evaluate the validity of the mentioned methods and to decide which one is the most appropriate. In the first part of the thesis the background of obesity and body composition analysis is described. In the second part measured values are evaluated. The study included 18 overweight persons (6 men, 12 women), mean age 46,1 ± 15,8 years, mean BMI 28,2 ± 2,5 kg / m2. No significant differences were found among mean values of BF% obtained by Inbody 3.0 and the skinfold test. But the values measured by Nutriguard-M with tetra-polar electrodes arrangement were found significant (p < 0,05).
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The effect of different bariatric operations on the weight loss in the treatment of obesity
Janoušková, Eva ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Introduction: Bariatric procedures belong to modern methods of therapy of obesity, especially in patients with higher degree of obesity. Currently, different procedures are performed, among those gastric banding, sleeve gastrectomy and gastric bypass. Our research investigated the effect of various bariatric procedures on the weight loss and some other metabolic values in the treatment of obesity. Methods: The data collection for quantitative research was carried out at the 3rd medical department of 1st faculty of medicine of Charles University and General Faculty Hospital in Prague, partially retrospectively and mainly prospectively. We monitored the change of weight and compensation of type 2 diabetes mellitus in the first year after operation in group of 54 patients of which 32 patients had a two-year monitoring as well. For monitoring changes of weight throughout a particular period of time after operation, the conversion on % EWL a % EBMIL was used. The data was evaluated by basic statistical methods. Results 1: In our reference group (n=54) average value of EWL was found 37,58 % in the first year after the surgery. The value of EWL for sleeve gastrectomy was 47,52 %. The value of EWL for gastric bypass was 39,82 %. The value of EWL for gastric banding was 23,28 %. Results 2: In the subset of...
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Use of Psychological Instruments for Evaluation of the Parameters Influencing the Adherence to Physical Activity in the Case of Overweighted and Obese Persons
Žďárská, Eliška ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Work title: Use ofPsychological Instruments for Evaluation ofthe Parameters Influencing the Adherence to Physical Activity in the Case of Overweighted and Obese Persons. Work objectives: 1. To review a possibility to use three psychological questionaries and other parameters (BMI, age, sex) to identify the respondents with lowered adherence to physical activities. 2. To evaluate physical activity influence on some psychological aspects and eating behaviour ofoverweighted and obese persons. Methodology: With help of these three types of standardized questionaries (BDI-II, WHOQOL-BREF a TFEQ) it was evaluated a scale of depresivity, quality of life and eating behaviour in the case of persons with overweight and obesity at the begining of three-month physical activity programme. Input values from the questionaries from respondents, who had not finished the programme were compared with the values of the respondents, who had finished, and statisticaly evaluated. Consequently, there were compared and statisticaly evaluated input and output values from the quetionaries and BMI of the respondents, who had finished the programme. Výsledky: Lowered adherence to the excersises apears to be typical for women, younger aged respondents and respondents with lower BMI. The questionaries BDI-II, WHOQOL-BREF, TFEQ...
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Sexual Dysfunction in the Obese Female after Bariatric Surgery.
Pichlerová, Dita ; Weiss, Petr (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee) ; Pastor, Zlatko (referee)
6 Abstract Background: Obesity and associated comorbidities increase the probability of sexual disorders. We aimed to assess sexual satisfaction in obese women before and after bariatric surgery using the validated Female Sexual Function Index (FSFI) and also to assess sexual satisfaction in obese women in comparison with women of normal weight. We also compared the frequency of female sexual dysfunction (FSD) of the participants. Methods: 60 obese women 5.99 completed the questionnaire on sexual satisfaction (FSFI) before a bariatric procedure (laparoscopic adjustable gastric banding, 22 women; gastric plication, 33 women; and biliopancreatic diversion, 5 women), 6 months and 12 months after the procedure, i.e. after a significant weight reduction (final BMI of . The control group consisted of 60 women of normal weight (mean BMI of 22.2 1.9 domains, with higher scores indicating better sexual function. The FSFI total score (range 2- dicating FSD. Results: Baseline sexual function in the preoperative obese female was significantly lower than in the control group of women of normal weight (p < 0.01) in each domain. Average postoperative FSFI scores increased from preoperative levels in all domains, but significant improvement occurred only in the domain for desire (p < 0.01). The results at 6 and 12 months...
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History of Diabetes Treatment in the Czech counties
Krejčová, Jindřiška ; Dohnal, František (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee) ; Král, Karel (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Social and clinical pharmacy Autor: Jindřiška Krejčová Supervisor: Doc. PhDr. František Dohnal, CSc. Title of diploma thesis: History of diabetes treatment in the Czech countries The aims and objectives of the dissertation is to capture the historical development of the treatment of diabetes mellitus in the Czech countries from the earliest times to the present. Diabetes mellitus is a group of diseases whose common feature is hyperglycemia (high blood glucose). It is characterized by impaired secretion or insulin action, and is also associated with impaired metabolism of carbohydrates, fats and proteins. About 250 million people suffer from diabetes today and diabetes causes about 5 % of all deaths worldwide , so we can talk even about the global epidemic. In 2012, more than 841 thousand people suffered from diabetes in the Czech Republic, which is about 8% of the Czech population . This represents an increase of number of registered diabetics by about 16,000 people in comparision of the year 2011. Diabetes represents not only health , but also a significant economic burden .Historical data on the methods of treatment of diabetes in the Czech lands were mostly taken from the journal "Časopis lékařů českých" ( published...
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Comparison of Various Methods Used for Body Fat Assessment in Overweight and Obese Females
Větrovská, Renata ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Title of the thesis: Comparison of different methods for determining the amount of body fat in overweight and obese females Aim: The paper analyses how the most frequently used methods in clinical practice (the BIA method using Bodystat, Omron, and Tanita monitors, and the calliper method) compare with the reference method (DEXA) in determining the amount of body fat in overweight and obese females. Another goal was to compile predictive equations for calculating the percentage of body fat using available methods. Method: The research included 61 overweight and obese women with an average age of 48.6 ± 13.9 years. Four field methods were used to determine the amount of their body fat: the bioimpedance method with a tetrapolar arrangement of electrodes (using a Bodystat monitor), the bioimpedance method with a bipedal arrangement of electrodes (using a Tanita monitor), the bioimpedance method using handgrip (using an Omron monitor), and the anthropometric measurement using callipers. The measurements from these methods were compared with data obtained by using a reference method - the full-body densitometry method. Statistical analysis was conducted using a statistics programme Eviews 4.1 and Microsoft Office Excel XP Professional. Results: A comparison of the results obtained by the...
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Obesity and cancer
Maděřičová, Jarmila ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Obesity is a chronic multifactorial disease that is becoming a serious problem for world health. The prevalence of overweight and obesity in most countries continues to rise, not only in adults but especially in children and adolescents. The Obesity is also a demonstrable risk factor for at least fourteen cancers, including a female breast, colorectal, endometrial or pancreas tumour. The aim of the Bachelor thesis was to evaluate the diets of cancer patients who are overweight or obese. Assess the effect of nutritional intervention on body weight and menu composition. Specifically, I focused on the intake of total fat and saturated fatty acids. The work is divided into two parts. The first part, theoretical, contains information on obesity, there are described possible mechanisms of tumour formation from adipose tissue, individual cancers related to obesity or the relationship of obesity to cancer recurrence. The second part, practical, describes research that consisted of a questionnaire survey of 40 patients and a menu calculation of 12 patients. The intake of total fats and saturated fatty acids was calculated 14 days prior to intervention and 14 days at the end of intervention. The research group included patients with breast cancer and BMI above 25 kg/m2 . Saturated fatty acids were most...
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Obesity in the Czech media
Burdová, Lucie ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
The growing prevalence of obesity, both in adults and children, not only in developed countries, is perceived as a global problem due to the associated health risks. This study quantifies the media content in the selected period 01.07.2019-30.06.2020, it identifies which media and with what reach communicates the obesity most often, as well as verifies whether this finding correlates with the sources of information most often used by obese people. In addition, it finds a correlation between the use of the term obesity in the title and the complexity of the information contained therein. The aim of this study is to analyze media content as a source of information on obesity and to verify in this context whether media content supports the stereotype in terms of depicting obesity as a disease and health risk associated with individual responsibility at the level of etiology and therapy, including appropriate stigmatizing visualization. Furthermore to verify, whether the authors of media content related to obesity, as this is perceived as a disease, most often mediate the views and perspectives of doctors, respectively obesitologists, and are a means for government communication of strategies in the field of health and health literacy of the Czech Republic's population. There was used quantitative...
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Dyslipidemia of metabolic syndrome and physical activity
Stránská, Zuzana ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Šmahelová, Alena (referee) ; Radvanský, Jiří (referee)
Objective: In obese patients, we hypothesized physical exercise (PE) to affect lipids rather through its intrahepatic fat accumulation-lowering effect, associated with a decrease of total body fat (Fat%) and even weight (Mass), than through muscle work and an improvement of physical fitness. Design and setting: Thirty seven sedentary, non-diabetic women (BMI median 34.8 kg/m2) from our out- patient department were tested. Elimination criteria: recent weight reduction, lipid-influencing or heart rate-modifying medication. Interventions: PE protocol: 60 min supervised trainings, intensity at 65% of VO2max, modified by the Clamped Heart Rate test. Median (M) of total training hours was 34 during 115 days . Main Outcome Measurements: an effect of PE on total cholesterol (CH), triacylglycerols, HDL- cholesterol (HDL-C), LDL-cholesterol (LDL-C), index of atherogenity (IA), atherogenic index of plasma (AIP), maximum peak oxygen consumption (VO2max), Mass, body mass index (BMI), waist circumference (Waist) and Fat%. Results: Statistically significant differences at start (_s) and at the end (_e) of PE (p<0.05): AIP -0.049, Mass -3.6 (kg), BMI -1.7 (kg/m2), Waist -2.5 (cm), Fat% -2.5, VO2max 2.92 (l.min-1.kg-1), W 16.4 (Watt). Correlation coefficients, Pearson's between Gaussian distributed (Gd-v) variables and...
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Study success in view of modern daat analyzing method
Štuka, Čestmír ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vokurka, Martin (referee) ; Dušek, Ladislav (referee)
The aim of the project is to find, by statistical analysis of the date available at the time of entrance examination, parameters that predict the student's ability to finish his/her studies successfully. In first part of this study, we will discuss admission criteria based on admission test (AT) and on undergraduate grade-point average (uGPA) supplemented by three other criteria (high school graduation in year of admission, performance in profile classes and so on. Admission test shows to be a good predictor of academic performance. Admitting part of students on the basis of their GPA is shown to improve prediction of academic performance. General aptitude test (GAT) was temporarily added to admission process at the First Faculty of Medicine of Charles University in Prague (FFM). To prove predictive validity of GAT and to compare it with validity of current scientific knowledge test (ST). The added value of GAT was also examined. Prediction validity was estimated by Pearson correlation within cohorts (years 2002 - 2009) and by the correlation after each variable has been group-mean centred for all cohorts together. Incremental validity was assessed by testing submodels in linear and logistic regression models. The first year of studies is shown to be crucial for overall academic performance at FFM. Although...
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