National Repository of Grey Literature 58 records found  1 - 10nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Obesity and sleep apnea syndrome
Havrdová, Kateřina ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Introduction: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is characterized by repeated, complete or partial, obstructions of upper respiratory tract while asleep with accompanied apneic pauses. Interruption of ventilation and the subsequent waking reactions cause fragmented and low-quality sleep in the long term and the simultaneous decline in oxygen saturation of hemoglobin causes development of intermittent hypoxia, which leads to serious complications in patients with sleep apnea. One of the most important etiopathogenic factors in development of obstructive sleep apnea is obesity, mainly central and android obesity. It is estimated that obese patients with BMI ≥ 40 kg/m2 suffer from OSA in over 40-60 % cases and 70 % of patients with OSA are obese. According to current findings, both the maladies influence each other and form a positive feedback loop, which further complicates the whole situation. Aim: The aim of this thesis is to describe the relationship between obesity and obstructive sleep apnea on a set of patients, who were hospitalized in department D3 of III. Internal clinic of Všeobecná fakultní nemocnice v Praze (General university hospital in Prague) for suspicions for diagnosis of obstructive sleep apnea. The main tasks of the practical part of this thesis were to try to find a correlation...
The predictor of the weight
Sadílková, Aneta ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Introduction: Conservative reduction mode still represents an essential element in treatment of obesity. It is based on inducing a negative energy balance by reducing energy intake and increasing energy expenditure. Objective: Create a test database using collected data and implement a Weight Predictor web application that predicts real body weight loss for people intending to lose weight. Methods: The sample included 45 subjects, 31 female and 14 male, visiting the obesity clinic of Third Department of Internal Medicine of the General University Hospital. Using the prospective method, we have collected data documenting the development of weight loss in these subjects in the first month of reduction. Changes in weight and changes in waist and hip circumference were recorded in direct connection with the real energy intake and expenditure. The collected data was analyzed in terms of its completeness and validity in order to select a suitable sample for testing the Weight Predictor application. Statistical evaluation of the data was performed in order to evaluate the overall success of weight loss in the subjects. Results: The overall success rate of the reduction mode was assessed as 67%. This means that 30 patients out of 45 were able to lose weight at least in the first month of the program. In...
Ambulatory blood pressure monitoring and hypertension in children with diabetes mellitus type 1
Šuláková, Terezie ; Janda, Jan (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee) ; Souček, Miroslav (referee)
Objective: to evaluate the diagnostic efficacy of the office blood pressure (OBP) and ambulatory blood pressure monitoring (ABPM) in the assessment of hypertension (HTN) in children with diabetes mellitus type 1 (DM1). Methods: We analyzed OBP and ABPM measurements in 84 diabetic children (43 boys) obtained at a median age of 14.9 years and 6.3±3.5 years after diagnosis of DM1. OBP and ABPM results were converted into standard deviation scores (SDS). In addition, we analyzed blood pressure loads and nighttime dipping. The comparison between OBP and ABPM was performed using kappa coefficient and receiver operator curve (ROC). Results: HTN was diagnosed in 43/84 (51%) patients using OBP (>95th percentile) and in 24/84 (29%) patients using ABPM (≥95th percentile during 24h, day or night). Both methods were in agreement in 33 ABPM normotensive and 16 ABPM hypertensive patients (most had nighttime HTN); 32% patients had white coat HTN and 9.5% patients had masked HTN. The kappa coefficient was 0.175 (95% CI -0.034 to 0.384) suggesting poor agreement between OBP and ABPM. Diastolic OBP was a better predictor of ABPM HTN (ROC AUC=0.71±0.06) than systolic OBP (AUC= 0.58 ± 0.07). The percentage of non-dippers ranged from 7 to 23% in ABPM normotensive patients and 21-42% in ABPM hypertensive patients who also had...
Patients' knowledge of scientific and alternative diet, functional foods in the Czech Republic
Weidenthalerová, Edita ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vysoká, Lenka (referee)
This Bachelor's thesis deals with issue of patient's knowledge in field of scientific and alternative dietology. The Bachelor's thesis is divided into theoretical and practical part. The first theoretical part deals with dietology from two points of view - wide-spread and well-known rational nutrition, also it addresses alternative diets. Furthermore, funtional foods, their efficient components and benefits for the health are analyzed. The practical part validates predefined hypotheses, concerning the knowledge of patients, who are being cured mostly for obesity or Diabetes Mellitus. It involves their personal experiences with using dietary supplements or medications used to heal above mentioned diseases. The data was collected using questionnaire. Evaluated results are presented in graphs. The main fact coming out of the analysis is that most of ill people have deeper experience with dietary supplement than medications. They also do not think that these supplements or medications actually help them. The theoretical knowledge of alternative dietology were very useful because patients had almost no personal experience with that type of dietology. The main goal of this Bachelor's thesis is to generally point out that proper diet can prevent a lot of diseases. Key words: Obesity, Diabetes Mellitus,...
Constitution of interested persons in physical activity and their aims in reconditioning center of VŠTJ MEDICINA PRAHA
Svobodová, Eva ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Title: Constitution of interested persons in physical aktivity and their aims in reconditioning center of VŠTJ MEDICINA PRAHA Objectives: The first aim of this work is to find out, what is the main motivation of the patiens with the metabolic syndrome in the beginning of the physical excercise. The second aim is through analysis of clients of reconditioning center for assuring sufficient professionally led classes of physical aktivity. Methods: Socio-epidemiologic research on sample of clients of reconditioning center of VŠTJ MEDICINA PRAHA at first class. For research questionnaires were used. Results: The survey involved 84 new clients, 69 women and 15 men whose average age was 48.6 ± 13.8 years. The largest group, 64%, consisted of respondents with secondary education. As the main motivation of 62 respondents reported weight loss. In the comparison with the current population is in the file higher incidence of diabetes and hypertension. Keywords: metabolic syndrome, obesity, hypertension, diabetes, motivation
Consumption of food supplements for different groups of clients fitness center
Tůmová, Olga ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Vilikus, Zdeněk (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the consumption of dietary supplements for different groups of fitness center clients. The work is divided into theoretical and practical part. The theoretical part focuses on the basics of nutrition, and is described by energy intake and expenditure, macronutrients (carbohydrates, proteins and fats), micronutrients (vitamins and minerals) and drinks. The following chapter describes the basic supplements most commonly used in fitness. The practical part was processed using a questionnaire on social networks and in the fitness center Kentoya, Prague 10. The aim was to explore the most commonly used supplements, assessment of knowledge of the main effects of the supplements and visitors' experience with diets. The results are reported in tables and graphs and the answers on the internet and in the fitness center Kentoya are compared. The results show that almost 79 % of visitors to the fitness center take dietary supplements, the most widely used supplement is a protein drink. Approximately 67 % of visitors were during their life on some kind of diet and unfortunately the most common source of information concerning diet is the internet. Keywords: fitness, food supplements, supplements, nutrition, fluid intak
The comparison of different methods of body fat measuring by ensemble of adult women devided into five groups according to the BMI level
Šebková, Jana ; Matoulek, Martin (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee)
Title: The comparison of different methods of body fat measuring by ensemble of adult women devided into five groups according to the BMI level. Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to compare values of gained percentage of total body fat by descriptive method such as bioelectrical impedance analysis and skinfolds measuring in comparison with "gold standard method" DEXA and to evaluate the usability of each method of body composition measuring by five groups of women, devided according to BMI level (in range 20-47 kg/m2 ). The purpose of this thesis is to find the most useful method especially for the overweight and obese women (BMI over 30 kg/m2 ) and to estimate the equation for the whole group. The other part of this thesis is the theoretical conclusion of the matters of body composition assessing and the importance of good knowledge about this topic for physiotherapists. Methods: The study was realizing from January of 2010 to March of 2011. There were 136 women, who were clients of Fitness center of VŠTJ Medicina Praha and jointed to the group voluntarely. The criteria of choosing the subjects into the study were: age 18 - 75 years, BMI 20 ≤ 45 kg/m2 , relatively healthy without accute disease. Women with cardiostimulator, pregnant women or nursing mothers were excluded. The monitored...
The use of vending machines, snack bars and food stores near school by primary school pupils
Fischerová, Zuzana ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Piecha, Roman (referee)
The objective of this bachelor thesis was to examine the using of the shopping possibilities in the school and in the neighbourhood, the conditions which influence the using and the pupils' shopping preferences. According to the acquired data some possibilities of the intervention are formulated, which can be used to positively influence the pupils' attitude towards the nutrition. The author concerns herself with the dietary habits of children and wants to discover possibilities to influence it. The theoretical part of the thesis contains nutrition recommendations for the school age children and describes the psychological specifics of this age. It also provides the information about international attempts to influence the lifestyle of the young generation and particular realization in the Czech Republic and other countries. There is written also about recommendation by World Health Organization and the thesis informs about supportive projects in the Czech Republic and also about the attempts to control the products provided in schools. Last but not least there is the information about obesity - prevalence, causes, consequences and prevention, and also about mental anorexia as the illness typical for the adolescence. The practical part used a questionnaire to find out the pupils' shopping...
Regulation of parameters of biological activity of colorectal cancer
Svobodová, Šárka ; Svačina, Štěpán (advisor) ; Beneš, Zdeněk (referee) ; Vízek, Martin (referee)
Colorectal cancer (CRC) has been considered to be the most frequent cancer disease based on prevalence rate and mortality rate. The earlier diagnostics provides the better therapy outcomes. Many new laboratory tests and techniques for early detection of CRC have been developed recently. Not many of the can be used for daily routine clinical practice so far. The aim of this dissertation thesis was to measure a large spectrum of parameters in patients with early stage of CRC and to evaluate them for routine practice, as they may play a potential regulatory role in cancer development and control process. (...) Our finding of a very low sensitivity of tumor markers CEA and CA 19-9 for CRC in early stages I.-III. is fully corresponding with literature data. When monitoring some parameters during chemotherapy course we have found that only TK seems to be important for adjuvant therapy control, but TK and CEA and CA 19-9 can be used of palliative therapy monitoring. TK increases after every chemotherapy cycle but it decreases before the beginning of the following cycle if the therapy is successful. But it is continuously increasing if the therapy is unsuccessful. CEA and CA 19-9 are permanently within reference intervals in adjuvant therapy. Before palliative therapy beginning all the parameters are elevated and...
The relationship between autoimmunity and cytokines in clinical aspects of diabetes mellitus type 1
Janíčková Žďárská, Denisa ; Kvapil, Milan (advisor) ; Svačina, Štěpán (referee) ; Nečas, Emanuel (referee) ; Rušavý, Zdeněk (referee)
The relationship between autoimmunity and cytokines in clinical aspects of diabetes mellitus type 1 Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)

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