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The impact of the economic cycle to finance the defense of the Czech republic in years 2004-2014
Heres, Ondřej ; Chmelová, Pavla (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor work examines the impact of economic performance on financing the defense sector in the Czech Republic in the years 2004-2014. The main questions are whether this influence is clear and the extent to which is essential for funding this sector. The work also provides a basic overview about development and structure of the Ministry of Defence budget in these years. The theoretical part contains theories of business cycle and public sector and briefly introduces the basic institutions that are tasked to provide a defense. The analytic part analyzes the expenditures and revenues of the Ministry of Defence and assesses their mutual influence and simultaneously the influence of GDP on these indicators. To compare with previous findings, the GPD growth rate and the growth rate of defense expenditures in selected countries of NATO are analyzed in brief in the last chapter. While findings based on data from the Ministry of Defence have rather anticyclical development of defense expenditures, in selected countries of NATO, the development is more procyclical. It highlights the very ambiguous impact of the economic cycle on expenditures in the defense sector.
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Development of interest rates in the mortgage market in the Czech Republic between 2006-2016
Ditrichová, Gabriela ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Klement, Josef (referee)
This bachelor's thesis is focused on the development of interest rates in the mortgage market in the Czech Republic in the decade between 2006 and 2016. A strong economic growth between 2006 and 2007, which had positive effects in the mortgage loan market, was followed by a deep slump in the form of global financial crisis unleashed by speculations in the real estate market in the U.S. The main aim of the work is based on the development of mortgage interest rates and the significant factors that affect their amount - to verify or disprove the hypothesis that interest rates respond to changes of these factors. The results confirm the hypothesis only in certain areas. The influence of changes of interest rates has been proven in the case of inflation and discount rates by usage of the econometric model. Factors that have not shown a significant direct influence of interest rates may have an indirect influence on their change.
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Regulative payments in Czech healthcare system - analysis of the period 2008 - 2014
Ullmann, Jan ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor´s thesis analyzes the impact of regulative payments on Czech healthcare system in years 2008 - 2014, mainly on effectiveness of the healthcare system and on the total costs of the Czech healthcare system. On the basis of official data from the years before implementation of regulative payments, the author compares the real effects of their implementation with the those expected and also predicts the possible effects of abolishing majority of regulative payments since January the 1th 2016. In this thesis, the author also analyzes the impact of regional politics on regulative payments in the year 2009, on the basis of changes in years 2007 - 2009 researches whether the introduced regional legislations had any impact on effects of regulative payments.
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Comparison of the sickness insurance system in the Czech Republic and in the Kingdom of Spain in the years 2005-2015
Zukal, Marek ; Lukášová, Tereza (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis provides an analysis of sickness insurance systems and wage compensation, conditions of obtaining sick benefits and costs related with these issues in the Czech Republic and the Kingdom of Spain. The differences between aforementioned systems emerge from different approach to social policy, the Spanish system is more complicated and based od data quoted it is possible to say that it encumbers public budgets more than the Czech system. Both systems however have the same function - they secure individuals against negative effects of social risks such as illness and maternity (or pregnancy). The Spanish system, generally speaking, fulfils this function better than sickness insurance in the Czech Republic, which is supported by higher compensation ratios of benefits in relation to standard income of individuals, who are provided with them. Sickness insurance in the Czech Republic is characterized by higher rate of solidarity than the system in the Kingdom of Spain, where a principle of equivalence is more widely applied. Since the trend of social costs of public budgets is rising, the subject covered is economically topical and the analysis has a potential to provide incentives to improve the systems.
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Impact analysis of rental housing deregulation in the Czech Republic in 2005-2013
Hanzlíček, Roman ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the deregulation of housing prices issue. The theoretical part is dedicated to the economic theory of housing offer and demand, economic theory of state regulation of rent and on ways of abolishing these regulations. Furthermore it displays the regulation and deregulation process in our country. At the end of the theoretical part it shows the means of subsidising housing for the socially weak. The practical part covers a model example of three socially weak households, and demonstrates on them the evolution of rent during the deregulation period and the evolution of the subsequent housing subsidy. It also proposes alternative ways of boosting the socially weak households in the form of a negative income tax and customised finish housing allowance. Main contribution of this work is the evaluation of the whole deregulation process, used social policy tools and the suggestion of alternative means of social benefits.
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The impact of falling oil prices on economy of Russian federation in years 2006 - 2016
Sviták, Daniel ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Klement, Josef (referee)
The goal of this bachelor thesis is to analyze the impact of oil slumps on Russian federation between years 2006 and 2016 with special focus on the Dutch disease phenomenon and its reverse in times of low world oil prices. Dutch disease is a part of natural resource curse, which is characterized by lower economic performance of economies with natural resource abundance. The negative impact of low oil prices on Russian economy is showed by depreciation of ruble and lower state income, which is causing deepening of government budget deficits in 2009 and 2015. The basic assumption in case of the Dutch disease, de-industrialization of economy, is not satisifed. I deny the validity of the Dutch disease hypothesis in case of the Russian federation. Oil slumps did not have any significant influence on symptoms of the Dutch disease.
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The Impact of "Doi Moi" Reforms on the Economy in 2004-2014
Doan Duy, Tuan ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Klement, Josef (referee)
The goal of the bachelor thesis is to analyze the impact of the Doi Moi reforms on the Vietnamese economy in 2004-2014, which has started in late 80s of the last century. The theoretical part deals with the basic macroeconomic aggregates, alternative indicators of living standards, the effects of international trade on economic growth and particular attention is given to the chapter comparing centrally planned economy to a market capitalism. This theoretical background will provide information base for the data analysis in the practical part of the bachelor thesis. The analytical part explores the reform period and the reasons for the implementation of liberalization reforms, which affect the country's economy even thirty years after their launch. The analysis shows that the bridge between the previous and present centuries are the later effects and externalities arising from the reforms. That means growing private sector, which has become stronger in the last decade of the last century so from the beginning of the new millennium it has become the main drive of economic growth in Vietnam.
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Stimulation of demand versus stimulation of supply: tax reforms in the US in the second half of the twentieth century
Jirásek, Vojtěch ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Zeman, Martin (referee)
The aim of the thesis is to compare the Reagan tax reforms in the US in the 80s with the Kennedy-Johnson tax policy from the 60s. Tax policy is a key tool to influence the economic situation in a country. The topic of tax reform is particularly timely in connection with the United States presidential elections. The thesis responds to criticism of Hillary Clinton and of economic policy of R. W. Reagan. Stimulation of demand in the 1960s and stimulation of supply in the 80s (both stimuli conducted mainly through the reduction of tax rates) provide similar results. In the period after the reforms GDP grows and unemployment decreases. On the contrary, we can see a reduction in the amount of collected funds in the period shortly after the reforms that in the long term returns to its original value and continues to grow. The thesis therefore brings important recognition of the positive impact of tax cuts on macroeconomic aggregates and of the long term increase of tax revenue to the state budget.
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Possibilities and impacts of potential liberalization of the alcohol market in the Czech republic based on the data from 2009 to 2015
Šilhavá, Lada ; Štípek, Vladimír (advisor) ; Strejček, Ivo (referee)
The target of this Bachelor thesis was to analyse the Alcohol Market in the Czech Republic and its regulation by excise taxation between 2009 and 2015. It aims on modeling potential situations of the market liberalization. Especially it examines changes in state budget and alcohol consumption as a result of fluctuation in both excise tax and value-added tax. It also deals with potential changes of medical services costs in relation to variable alcohol consumption. Some of the partial conclusions in this work are based on expierences from alcohol prohibition period in specific countries. The work includes introduction to Czech legislation, as well as it describes the excise taxes in terms of alcohol use. The Laffers curve has been applied on alcohol market and results into an conclusion, that involves reducing the excise taxes what will lead to stimulation of the relevant economic sector and may have effect on the services industry as well. The thesis is also recommending solutions on increased medical services costs in relation to higher alcohol consumption.
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Europe 2020 strategy and achieving its goals by member states in the years 2010-2015
Krulichová, Kamila ; Strejček, Ivo (advisor) ; Štípek, Vladimír (referee)
This bachelor thesis focuses on the growth strategy of the current decade - Europe 2020. After the failure of the Lisbon Strategy there were again set some ambitious goals, which should lead the economy of the European Union to the so-called " new growth " . The main goal of the analysis is on the basis of evolution in the five core areas of strategy in the years 2007-2015, to verify or disprove the hypothesis that so far , the European Union was successful in achieving its growth targets , embodied in the ten-year Europe 2020 strategy. The gathered results disproved the hypothesis, although not in all areas we can talk about the failure of performance of the strategy. The main causes of failure can be considered a long recovery from the economic crisis and also the adverse impact of the migration crisis in present day.
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