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Design of a modular miniaturized apparatus for ion trapping
Jedlička, Petr ; Pham, Minh Tuan ; Grim, Jakub ; Čížek, Martin ; Čepil, Adam ; Slodička, L. ; Číp, Ondřej
We are developing a new experimental apparatus for laser cooling of trapped ions, focusing on high electric field homogeneity, modularity and small size. The apparatus allows measurements with Coulomb crystals and easy modification for different experiments. The high homogeneity trap is created by electrospinning, while the modularity allows for the exchange of key parts. By miniaturizing the dimensions, we achieve a larger numerical aperture of the lens and a reduction in the size of the magnetic shielding. This portable apparatus offers new possibilities for ion studies and is promising for applications in satellite systems and reconnaissance satellites.
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The Coherence of Light Emitted by a Linear Coulomb Crystal and Its Mirror Image
Čepil, Adam ; Lešundák, Adam ; Pham, Minh Tuan ; Čížek, Martin ; Grim, Jakub ; Slodička, L. ; Číp, Ondřej
In our work, we focus on the experimental demonstration of two complementary approaches to enhancing the interaction between photons and atoms at the level of individual photons and 40Ca+ ions. We implement a scheme in which the observation of light interference scattered by several trapped atomic ions is further enhanced due to interference with their mirror images. The control of the corresponding collective coherent optical scattering and the possibility of observing the interaction with light emitted by many independent ions modified by optical boundary conditions promises a feasible approach to the effective realization of the interaction between light and matter or to the controlled observation of quantum electrodynamics phenomena with many atoms.
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Measurement of magnetic field stability using 40Ca+ ion
Pham, Minh Tuan ; Lešundák, Adam ; Čížek, Martin ; Podhora, L. ; Řeřucha, Šimon ; Jedlička, Petr ; Slodička, L. ; Lazar, Josef ; Číp, Ondřej
One of the main limitations in the long-term measurement of the clock transition's absolute frequency is the magnetic field's fluctuation. The time-varying fluctuation of the external magnetic field leads to frequency shifts of the Zeeman components, thereby reducing the optical clock's frequency stability over time. Currently, optical atomic references are usually implemented with the help of a single ion. However, scaling the number of ions to higher values brings an indisputable benefit in the form of a high signal-to-noise ratio and, thus to the efficiency of the entire measurement process. In this case, the ions are spread over a large area, forming so-called ionic Coulomb crystals. In addition to the spatial stability of the magnetic field, the homogeneity of the magnetic field is also significant when working with Coulomb crystals. Excessive magnetic perturbation can be greatly reduced by covering the assembly with a magnetic shield or by using permanent magnets instead of conventionally used magnetic coils. Another method is averaging over multiple-level transitions. This contribution presents a simple method for measuring the stability of the magnetic field at the ion position.
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Multiband fiber polygon for accurate time and coherent frequency transmission
Havliš, O. ; Vojtěch, J. ; Šlapák, M. ; Číp, Ondřej ; Čížek, Martin ; Hrabina, Jan ; Pravdová, Lenka ; Slodička, L.
The CESNET association, in cooperation with the Institute of Scientific Instruments of the Academy of Sciences of the Czech Republic (Institute of Scientific Instruments of the CAS, abbreviated ISI CAS), ČD Telematika and University Palacký in Olomouc (UPOL) Department of Optics built a multiband polygon on real optical routes . The multiband polygon is designed for two-way transmission of ultra-stable quantities, i.e. transmission of acurrate time and coherent frequency (T/F).
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Analysis of linear ion Paul traps using 3-D FEM and the azimuthal multipole expansion
Oral, Martin ; Číp, Ondřej ; Slodička, L.
Radiofrequency (RF) Paul traps are valuable in the design and in the operation of highly stable\noptical atomic clocks based on suitable trapped ions. The traditional setup involves a single\nion in an RF trap irradiated with a laser beam. The frequency of the laser light is then fine-tuned to match that of photons coming from an electronic transition in the atomic shell. The\nachievable frequency stability is about 10-17 for laser-cooled ions. However, the stability can be\nfurther improved by using heavy atoms (such as Thorium) and the more stable frequencies of\ntheir nuclear transitions, and by setting up so-called Coulomb crystals, to improve the frequency measurement statistics by increasing the number of reference atoms. These techniques and their combination could reach relative stabilities beyond 10-20.
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Trapping and cooling of single ions for frequency metrology and quantum optics experiments
Slodička, L. ; Pham, Minh Tuan ; Lešundák, Adam ; Hucl, Václav ; Čížek, Martin ; Hrabina, Jan ; Řeřucha, Šimon ; Lazar, Josef ; Obšil, P. ; Filip, R. ; Číp, Ondřej
Single trapped ions trapped in Paul traps correspond to ideal candidates for realization of extremely accurate optical atomic clocks and practical studies of the light–atom interactions and nonlinear mechanical dynamics. These systems benefit from both, the superb isolation of the ion from surrounding environment and excellent control of its external and internal\ndegrees of freedom, at the same time, which makes them exquisite platforms for experimental studies and applications of light matter interaction at its most fundamental level. The exceptional degree of control of single or few ion's state enabled in past decade number of major advancements in the applications from the fields of experimental quantum information\nprocessing and frequency metrology, including recent realization of scalable Shor's\nalgorithm, fractional uncertainties of the frequency measurements close to 10-18 level, or simulations of complex quantum many-body effects. These results, together with the rapid advancements in the production of low-noise segmented micro-traps, promise prompt access to long-desired regimes of quantum optomechanics and further development and applications\nof optical atomic clocks.
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