National Repository of Grey Literature 7 records found  Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Antidepressant potential of serotonergic psychedelics in preclinical research
Dušková, Valentýna ; Vejmola, Čestmír (advisor) ; Skálová, Kateřina (referee)
The treatments for depression available in contemporary medicine have a number of drawbacks. Modern antidepressants, despite fewer side effects than conventional ones, have a slow onset of action and their effectiveness is often individual. Recent studies of psychedelics have indicated their promising to extraordinary potential in the treatment of depression. Clinical research has made significant progress in this direction, as have a growing number of preclinical studies. Psychedelics potentiate signaling pathways and protein expression related to neurogenesis and cell viability and induce an increase in dendritic spines and dendritic branching. At the behavioural level, psychedelics have been shown to attenuate depressive behavioural changes, suppressing anxiety and anhedonia. This paper summarizes the effects of psychedelics in preclinical in vitro and in vivo studies, taking into account the neurobiology of depression, i.e., mainly at the level of neuroplasticity and observed behavioural changes. The first part of the thesis is devoted to the general characteristics of depression and psychedelics, followed by an introduction to preclinical experimental approaches. The central part then describes and discusses individual studies. Keywords: depression; animal models; psychedelics; LSD;...
Selected cognitive prereguisites and metacognition in relation to difficulties in arithmetic skills of younger school age pupils
Stieranková, Marína ; Špačková, Klára (advisor) ; Skalová Pražáková, Kateřina (referee)
This thesis deals with the area of difficulties in arithmetic skills in relation to metacognition and selected cognitive prerequisites in younger school age pupils. The theoretical part of this thesis provides an insight into the issues of the metacognition, of the mathematical skills, of the cognitive prerequisites for their development, of the metacognition in relation to the mathematics, and also deals with the tools for measuring these areas. The empirical part describes the research, which aimed to compare the metacognitive knowledge (of self, tasks and strategies) and selected cognitive assumptions (symbolic and non-symbolic perception of quantity (numerosity), spatial ability, inhibition) of a group of students with a lower level of the arithmetic skills (N=24) and a group of students with a level of arithmetic skills within the norm (N=31). The results of the research showed a difference between the research groups in metacognitive knowledge of self, and metacognitive knowledge of competence-enhancing strategies. In the other monitored areas (metacognitive knowledge of tasks, avoidance strategies and selected cognitive prerequisites), no statistically significant difference between the observed groups of students was demonstrated. KEY WORDS arithmetic skills, metacognitive knowledge,...
The Circadian System and Sleep in Individuals with ADHD
Nejedlý, Martin ; Skálová, Kateřina (advisor) ; Honzlová, Petra (referee)
Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD) is associated with sleep disorders and abnormalities of the circadian system. In recent studies, ADHD has been linked to late chronotype and delayed sleep phase disorder, clock gene polymorphisms, geographic variation in solar irradiation, longer sleep latency, and impaired sleep quality. However, research findings in children with ADHD often differ from those in adult patients. A new diagnostic category, ADHD-SOM, has been proposed to describe individuals whose symptoms are partially caused by chronic sleep issues. However, most of the evidence is correlational. The thesis summarizes research on sleep and circadian correlates of ADHD and some of the potential mechanisms explaining these associations. Chronotherapy and sleep interventions are promising methods of adjunctive ADHD treatment.
The modulation of the circadian rhythm in melatonin production in human induced by experimental lighting conditions
Skálová, Kateřina ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Jelínková, Dana (referee)
The circadian system controls the timing of most of the physiological functions and behaviour within approximately 24 hours period. The light/dark cycle aligns this circadian period with the exact length of the solar day. Light information is conveyed via ipRGC cells in the retina, with maximum sensitivity in the blue part light (460-480nm wavelength). The information proceeds to the main circadian clocks located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei. This clock regulates the synthesis of neurohormone melatonin in the pineal gland whose high night level can be rapidly downregulated by the light at night. The major aim of this study was to test the effectiveness of the blue or green light-emitting device, potentially utilized in clinical practice, to suppress the night melatonin level and provide thus the first evidence that this device may affect the circadian system. The results show that the light emitted by this device has the potential to lower melatonin levels in most subjects with the higher efficiency in the blue range. Key words: circadian rhythms, melatonin, light pulse, eyelids, blue and green light
Circadian system and memmory
Skálová, Kateřina ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Houdek, Pavel (referee)
Circadian system is a part of all living organisms. It controls suitable timing of their physiological functions and behaviour. The molecular mechanism of interlocking transcription-translational feedback loops of clock genes and their protein products forms the core of the circadian system. The main structures of this system in mammalian organisms are suprachiasmatic nuclei of the hypothalamus. Memory is also closely connected with circadian system. It is one of the most important abilities of organism for creating knowledge. Both memory and circadian system enable to the organism to adapt to changes in its external environment. The expression of clock genes was detected in brain structures involved in mediation of memory such as hippocampus, amygdale and basal ganglia. The oscillations of these clock genes influence the formation and retrieval of memory traces. The aim of this work is to summarize current knowledge about the relationship between the memory and the circadian system. Key words: circadian system, memory, clock genes, suprachiasmatic nuclei, hippocampus
Preparedness pre-school padagogue for integration/inklusion of childern with mental retardation
SKALOVÁ, Kateřina
Bachelor's work title Preparedness pre-school pedagogue for integration/inclusion of children with Mental Retardation is divided to three parts in its theoretical chapters. First chapter summarizes the knowledge about the children with mental retardation. Second chapter is about how to raise and educate the children with mental retardation and in this field the chapter approaches historical contexts in details. Last theoretical chapter explains the concept of the intergartion and inclusion. Practical part shows the results of the investigative surveys. I was trying to find out, if the teachers at ordinary nursery schools are ready for inclusion of the children with mental retardation. I have chosen qualitative survey for a practical part. Methods of gathering the facts were chosen as half structured interviews.
Comparison of Online Marketing Communications in the Czech Republic and Austria
Skalová, Kateřina ; Král, Petr (advisor) ; Bockstefel, Jan (referee)
The topic of this diploma thesis is comparison of online marketing communication in the Czech Republic and in Austria. The aim of this thesis to compare online marketing communication in the Czech Republic and Austria, describe its characteristics, identify main differences and analyze essential reasons for the differences. After the introduction part, in the second chapter, the theoretical grounds of marketing communication, internet, its characteristics and history, as well as online marketing communications are described. In the third chapter, both markets are described in detail, in terms of internet users, situation on the marketing communications markets and in terms of media consumption. In the fourth chapter, main common features and differences are analyzed. In the last chapter, the most significant reasons for the differences are analyzed, first in terms of macroeconomic influences, second in terms of the industry itself and third in terms of individual preferences. The main sources for the diploma thesis were theoretical books concerned with marketing communication, online marketing communication and internet, written in Czech, English and German. Furthermore, statistical data of national statistical offices, articles from magazines and online sources, printed and online studies of selected associations or companies as well as interviews with experts are used.

See also: similar author names
5 SKALOVÁ, Kateřina
1 SKÁLOVÁ, Klára
2 Skalová, Květoslava
5 Skálová, Kateřina
2 Skálová, Kristýna
Interested in being notified about new results for this query?
Subscribe to the RSS feed.