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Detection and survival analysis of cartels. Evidence from the European Union
Blšťáková, Hana ; Vacek, Pavel (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
- cz Tato práce se zabývá analýzou antimonopolní politiky se zaměřením na kartelové dohody v Evropské unii. Cox·v model proporcionálních rizik je v rámci této práce použit pro predikci proměnných, které ovlivňují trvání a stabilitu kartel·. Tyto proměnné jsou rozděleny do následujících skupin. Velikost a vnitřní struk- tura kartelu, charakteristika účastník· kartelové dohody, ukazatele vnějšího prostředí na trhu, vnitřní kontrolní mechanismy a proměnné, určující účin- nost antimonopolní politiky. Pro účely této práce byl sestaven data set, který zahrnuje kartely soudně stíhané Evropskou komisí v období mezi lety 1990 a 2004. Tato práce navíc obsahuje přehled detekčních metod. Zahrnuje jak metody, které jsou v současnosti aktivně využívány Evropskou komisí za účelem detekce kartel·, tak i nové metody, tzv. screeningové metody trh·, které mohou do budoucna přispět k efektivnějšímu procesu detekce. Screeningové metody se zabývají zkoumáním reálných tržních proces· a hledají znaky koluzního chování. Součásti této práce je mimo jiné i analýza politiky shovívavosti a její dopad na životnost kartel· a na délku administrativních proces·. Očekávaným přínosem této práce je poskytnutí uceleného přehledu detekčních metod a proměnných, které ovlivňují životnost a stabilitu kartel·. 1
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Internet and mobile phone diffusion and its determinants
Kračmerová, Veronika ; Polák, Petr (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This thesis examines determinants of an Internet and mobile phones diffusion and potentially different impacts of these determinants in case of developing and developed countries. For this purpose panel data from 199 countries for period from 1995 to 2012 are used. There is a number of variables including economic, technological, political and human capital factors. Benefits of this thesis are that the research uses updated dataset and it also adds new variables into its econometric model. This thesis also examines in detail the adoption of information and communication technologies in the Czech Republic, which has not been published previously. One of the conclusions is a finding that penetration of mobile phones and the Internet is faster in developing countries than in developed countries. Fixed effects method in the global testing also showed that the economic wealth of a country is an important determinant for the Internet only for developed countries, while for the mobile phones the GDP is a significant variable in both groups of countries. Analysis of the Czech Republic brings different results for both technologies, but the unemployment rate, which was added to the basic model, has proven to be an important determinant for both the Internet and mobile phones. Key words: Mobile phone,...
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Determinants of income inequality in post-communist Central and Eastern European countries: Role of corruption
Samanchuk, Khrystyna ; Hromádková, Eva (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
The main purpose of this thesis is to investigate the effect of corruption on income inequality (that could serve as indicator of the welfare of whole society). Since post-communist countries of Central and Eastern Europe had issues with providing effective policies for adapting to the market economy, we want to discover main drivers of this situation. We examined previous researches that suggest both positive and negative correlation between corruption level and income inequality. Main obstacle of the research is inherent heterogeneity present across countries. Our analysis was performed on two datasets: 11 post- communist countries CEE and additional 17 European Union countries. We implemented different estimation methods and discovered that panel Vector autoregressive model is the best choice. Within the panel structure we tackled individual heterogeneity by estimating fixed effects and clustering on the country level, implemented dynamic relationship in the dependent variable and solved endogeneity problem by using instrumental variable. We found that corruption has positive relationship with income inequality. Furthermore, other important drivers are: social spending, education level and unemployment. As a result, we suggested the ways to decrease corruption on the appropriate example of...
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Taxation in Financial Sector
Hloušek, Jan ; Janský, Petr (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Social Sciences Taxation in Financial Sector Jan Hloušek Abstract The purpose of this thesis is to review taxation in financial sector, discuss its objectives and compare its past and most recent implementations. Financial Activities Taxes, Financial Transaction Taxes, and Financial Stability Contribution are compared from theoretical point of view. Trends in profitability, volumes of derivatives, and equity ratios are presented for two groups in both Italy and France - banks that are subject to new Financial Transaction Taxes and those that are not. Using panel data on financial institutions, positive impact of FTT introduction on derivative volumes is found in France, and no significant effect is found in Italy.
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Hedge Effectiveness in Copper Futures Market: Case study for "Erdenet" Mining Co.Ltd in Mongolia
Khurelbaatar, Baigali ; Krištoufek, Ladislav (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
The objective of the thesis is to analyze the copper futures market in London Metal Exchange (LME) and to recommend appropriate hedging strategy in copper futures market to the Erdenet Mining Corporation in Mongolia. It uses daily official settlement copper prices of LME in the spot and 3 month futures markets from 2000-2014. Initially, we use cointegration test and ECM to investigate the copper market efficiency. Then OLS, ECM, GARCH, EGARCH and ECM-GARCH models are employed to compute different optimum hedge ratios. Finally, the hedge effectiveness is measured based on minimization of the value of AIC and SBIC. Our result indicate that copper futures market is inefficient. Hedge effectiveness comparison concludes that ECM model gives the best hedging performance. However, ECM-GARCH is accounted to be the best model for hedging strategy since it captures the time-varying conditional heteroscedasticity to ECM model. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Sovereign debt markets: Where does the Czech Republic stand?
Bludská, Věra ; Hausenblas, Václav (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This thesis deals with the relationship between yield spreads on the sovereign bonds and their determinants with a primary focus on the Czech Republic. First, a homogeneous panel of Visegrad group countries (V4) was investigated by the pooled mean group (PMG) method of Pesaran et al. (1998). It was found that debt-to-gdp ratio along with VIX, the "fear gauge", are the main factors driving the spread dynamics in the V4 group. Based on the results from PMG estimation, we estimate a three-dimensional vector autoregression (VAR) model and structural VAR (SVAR) model in order to observe spread reactions on external shocks. Among the V4 group countries, Hungary exhibits the largest spread response to a VIX shock. Overall, the (S)VAR results confirmed that countries with higher levels of yields before crisis had also a stronger reaction to the market disturbances during 2007-2009. Furthermore, it was found that for the period 2010-2013, the standard model (macroeconomic fundamentals plus global risk aversion factors) provided less reliable results. As a remedy, financial soundness indicators were incorporated into the VAR model. We conclude that it is important to take into account country's financial sector vulnerabilities when describing the spread dynamics since 2010.
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Determinants of NPLs at the aggregate level: A comparative approach for middle and high income countries
Sandrovschi, Violeta ; Jakubík, Petr (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This thesis investigates the key determinants of the Non-performing loans (NPLs) comparing two groups of countries from Southeastern and Western Europe, with two different levels of economic development. We try to find empirical evidence and estimate whether the determinants of NPL ratio are different for the middle and high income countries. Applying panel data models for 14 countries overall, and using the regressions of subsampled countries, we analyze the importance of the determinants at the aggregate level. The final results show that all variables considered are significant, except inflation rate under all specifications and FDI when the subsampled dummy variables are used. As for the specifications of the exchange rate determinant, we conclude that the NPL ratio is negatively and significantly influenced in the export dominant middle income economies. An additional non-economic variable, such as the educational index, constructed at the national level, is found to increase the NPL ratio. Concerning the institutional quality index, averaging all six institutional indicators, this determinant does not show a consistent result across different data sample specifications.
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Evaluation of interest rates predictions: The case of Czech National Bank
Boček, Josef ; Horváth, Roman (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This research focuses mainly on the evaluation of interest rates predictions (predictions of 3M PRIBOR rate) published by Czech national bank. In the first part of the thesis reasons and potential central bank's benefits of the publishing of interest rate predictions are presented, based on the current academic literature. In the next chapters econometric and non-econometric evaluation of Czech national bank forecasts is provided. Furthermore, predictions from Czech Treasury, random walk process and my own autoregressive and vector autoregressive predictions were evaluated as well. It has been concluded that Czech national bank produces and publishes the most accurate based on non-econometric and econometric evaluation of all examined predictions. Moreover during the F-test evaluation procedure, the forecasts of Czech national bank proved themselves to be unbiased for the longest time horizon of all examined predictions. Powered by TCPDF (www.tcpdf.org)
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Inflation targeting in dollarized economies
Dokle, Eda ; Tůma, Zdeněk (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
Inflation targeting has become an increasingly popular regime among emerging markets. Focusing on the experience of inflation targeting adoption in the countries in Central and Eastern Europe and Commonwealth of Independent States, this thesis highlights the main features of the inflation targeting framework. A clear economic condition bringing these countries together is considered the dollarization issue which gains importance when designing the inflation targeting framework. The empirical study on the impact of inflation targeting in inflation, inflation volatility, output, output volatility and deposit dollarization shows clear benefits of inflation targeting in terms of inflation and inflation volatility, which are not achieved at the expense of output growth. Also, dollarization does not harm the positive impact of inflation targeting on inflation.
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Development and structure of state debt of the Czech Republic and Slovakia
Burdová, Diana ; Štiková, Radka (advisor) ; Serdarevič, Goran (referee)
This bachelor thesis deals with the development and structure of the state debt in Czech and Slovak Republic in the period from the establishment in 1993 to the year 2010. The main goal is to compare the development of indebtedness and state debt management in these two countries. The first part of the thesis deals with the theoretical background of public debt. The second part is a comparison itself and concentrates on the amount and structure of state debt, following the economic events, and on the actions of debt management. The conclusion summarizes common features and certain differences in the development. To some extent, it also outlines the future course of the state debt in Czech and Slovak Republic.
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