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Diagnostic contribution to the evaluation of intervention models in the treatment of type 1 diabetes
Zacharovová, Klára ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Plecitá, Lydie (referee) ; Mandys, Václav (referee)
During treatment of diabetes mellitus by immunointervention or transplantation, it is necessary to monitor the markers of immune destruction or rejection of surviving insulin producing cells. An aim of this thesis is to improve the possibilities of following autoimmunity and to detect the survival of transplanted pancreatic islet in vivo. Partial aims included vitality testing of isolated islets for transplantation by measurement of respiration activity, observing the process of in vitro labeling of isolated islets with superparamagnetic iron oxide (SPIO) contrast agent for subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of islets and observing SPIO particles transport after transplantation. We also studied a new dual paramagnetic contrast agent combined with fluorescein intended for identification of the MRI contrast agent in samples for histology. Further, we assessed autoimmune reaction by evaluation of cytokine response to specific stimulation with auto-antigens. We tried to affect beta-cells destruction by polyclonal anti- thymocyte antibodies in a mouse experimental model. A new method of the islet respiration measurement correlated with other methods of islet quality testing and it was suggested as a diagnostic test before clinical transplantation. Results obtained studying the intercellular...
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Nursing care of the patient treated by the pancreatic islets transplantation
Bobek, Vít ; Heřmanová, Jana (advisor) ; Saudek, František (referee)
Cílem mojí bakaláská práce je nastínit klinické a zejména ošetovatelské aspekty pée o pacienta podstupujícího zatím ponkud nezvyklý zpsob léby diabetu 1. typu - transplantaci Langerhansových ostrvk. Práce se zamuje na lébu diabetu 1. typu s labilním prbhem. Jako píklad sleduji pacienta, který v nedávné dob s úspchem podstoupil tento nový zpsob léby. V klinické ásti popisuji strun historii poznávání diabetu, endokrinní funkci pankreatu a pak etiopatogenezi, imunogenetiku, klinický obraz, diagnostiku, a terapii diabetu 1. typu a jeho komplikací. Dále popisuji specifika labilní formy tohoto onemocnní a možnosti léebné intervence. V ošetovatelské ásti analyzuji prostednictvím ošetovatelského modelu Marjory Gordonové poteby pacienta podstupujícího takový výkon. Vytváím plán pée a popisuji jeho realizaci v samotný den provedení transplantace Langerhansových ostrvk. Dále zde eším problematiku dlouhodobé pée, edukace a psychosociálního obrazu pacienta.
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Labeling of pancreatic islets with superparamagnetic iron oxide nanoparticles for magnetic resonance imaging
Berková, Zuzana ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Mandys, Václav (referee) ; Haluzík, Martin (referee)
Type I diabetes mellitus is primarily an autoimmune disease resulting from selective destruction of insulin producing pancreatic beta cells. Transplantation of purified pancreatic islets is an alternative method for standard insulin therapy of these patients. Though the islet transplantation represents a promising approach for a selected group of patients, there is still a number of problems to be solved and one of them, perhaps the most important, is the lack of a reliable method of transplanted islets monitoring. (...) The results of this experimental study lead to the improvement of the labeling protocol in experimental transplantation and to its translation into clinical research. While different methods such as PET and SPECT will be soon available for shorttime in vivo followup of transplanted pancreatic islet, magnetic resonance imaging represents so far the only available technique able to provide a direct, longterm and reliable visualization of the transplanted islets with sufficient spatial resolution. At present, is this method ready for clinical application.
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název v anglickém jazyce není uveden
Kříž, Jan ; Saudek, František (advisor) ; Jendelová, Pavla (referee) ; Haluzík, Martin (referee)
Islet transplantation represents an alternative approach in the treatment of patients with type-1 diabetes mellitus. It makes possible to give insulin-producing tissue to patients, which could not underwent surgery operative due to ill health. The second benefit of tissue transplantation is utilization of pancreases unsuitable for organ transplantation in term of surgical criteria. The dissertation includes two studies focused on study of some problems of islet transplantation. In the first study was tested a new method for induction of microchimerism by bone marrow transplantation and its effect on islet allograft survival. We reported, that short-term tacrolimus therapy significantly prolonged insulin independence in fully allogeneic rat model even if the immunosupresants were discontinued. Conditioning of recipients with bone marrow cells transplantation had not additional effect. In the second study there is presented an approach for imaging of intrahepatally-sited islets. The technique is based on labeling of islets by non-toxic superparamagnetic agent during two day culture. After transplantation islets are imaged as hypointense spots on T2 weighing magnetic resonance sections in both in vitro and in vivo experiments. Outstanding changes in MR images were demonstrated during acute rejection of...
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The role of GH/IGF-1 axis components in the etiopathogenesis of metabolic disturbances in type 2 diabetes mellitus and acromegaly
Toušková, Věra ; Haluzík, Martin (advisor) ; Müllerová, Dana (referee) ; Saudek, František (referee)
(EN) GH/IGF-1 axis components (GH, growth hormone receptor (GH-R), IGF-1, IGF-1 receptor (IGF-1R), IGF-binding proteins (IGFBPs)) participate in the control of glucose metabolism, inflammatory processes as well as cell proliferation and differentiation, including adipocytes and monocytes. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the role of local mRNA expression of GH/IGF-1 axis components in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SCAT) and peripheral monocytes (PM) in the development of insulin resistance and differences of adipose tissue mass in following groups of patients: obese females with and without type 2 diabetes mellitus and subjects with active untreated acromegaly. A total number of 66 subjects were included in the study: obese females without type 2 diabetes mellitus (OB), obese females with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), acromegalic patients (AC) and healthy lean control subjects (C). T2DM underwent 2 weeks of very-low- calorie diet (VLCD - energy content 2500 kJ/day). According to our results we suggest that decreased mRNA expression of IGF-1, IGF-1R, IGFBP-2 and IGFBP-3 in adipose tissue of T2DM subjects may contribute to changes of fat differentiation capacity and the increased IGF-1R mRNA expression in peripheral monocytes in these patients may play a role in the regulation of...
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