National Repository of Grey Literature 12 records found  1 - 10next  jump to record: Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Hepatocyte transplantation in acute liver failure in experiment
Koblihová, Eva ; Ryska, Miroslav (advisor) ; Urbánek, Petr (referee) ; Liška, Václav (referee)
Acute liver failure (ALF) is life-threatening disease with high mortality rate. Orthotopic liver transplantation is the only effective therapy but it is limited with scarcity of donor organs. Other methods are searching for as bridging therapy. Transplantation of hepatocytes seems to be a promising method. We have chosen the chemical model of acute liver failure caused by intraperitoneal (i.p.) application of thioacetamide (TAA) in rats. We wanted to investigate the course of ALF when induced by increasing doses of TAA, ranging from 175 to 700 mg/kg of body weight i.p. per day. Plasma levels of albumin, bilirubin, alanine aminotransferase and aspartate aminotransferase activities and ammonia levels and survival rate were determined. We also examined whether Wistar and Lewis rats exhibit any differences in the course of ALF in response to increasing TAA doses. Our data show that Wistar rats are more susceptible to developing TAA-induced ALF than Lewis rats. In the other part we focused on hepatocyte transplantation in ALF. TAA was administrated i.p. in two injections, in the total amount of 525 mg/kg of body weight. After this dose all Lewis rats developed ALF and without treatment succumbed within first 48 h. Hepatocyte were isolated from transgenic male rat luc-Lwe-Tg in two step collagenase...
Possibilties of Portal Vein Reconstruction During Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer - Experiment on a Large Animal
Pálek, Richard ; Liška, Václav (advisor) ; Ryska, Miroslav (referee) ; Loveček, Martin (referee)
Possibilities of Portal Vein Reconstruction during Surgical Treatment of Pancreatic Cancer - Experiment on a Large Animal Introduction: Pancreatic cancer is a fatal malignancy that is known as one of the leading causes of cancer mortality worldwide. The only potentially curative treatment is radical surgical resection. Because of the lack of early symptoms, the diagnosis is usually made in advanced stages of the disease. In the majority of patients, the tumor is already locally advanced or it has distant metastases at the time of diagnosis. Pancreatic cancer tends to infiltrate the portal vein (PV) or the superior mesenteric vein (SMV). Nowadays, resection of infiltrated parts of PV/SMV is recommended in specialized centers. There are several established techniques of PV/SMV reconstruction. The use of allogeneic venous grafts seems to be a method with minimal risk of adverse effects but there is only limited experience with these grafts. The optimal anatomical origin of allogeneic venous grafts for PV/SMV reconstruction remains unknown. Aims: The aim of this experiment was to compare two types of allogeneic venous grafts used for PV reconstruction in a large animal model of pancreatico- duodenectomy. These grafts were harvested from the systemic venous system (inferior caval vein grafts - IVC grafts) and...
Gemcitabine in anti-rejection treatment in experimental liver transplantation
Mergental, Hynek ; Ryska, Miroslav (advisor) ; Bělina, František (referee) ; Třeška, Vladislav (referee)
The first part of thesis is focused on the technical aspects of experimental model of liver transplantation on rats. The second part describes the research project that tested a novel immunosuppressive drug gemcitabine compared to low dose of cyclosporine A on the acute liver rejection model. To use a cytostatic drug in a low dose with a minimal toxicity as an immunosuppressant would be attractive for clinical use. Particularly because liver transplantation for hepatocellular carcinoma represent a frequent indication nowadays and also due to risk of development of a new post transplant malignancies as an side effect of standard immunosuppressant. Our results showed lower nephrotoxicity compared to cyclosporine, however, did not confirm the previous optimistic reports in terms of rejection treatment as it only mildly decreased the rejection severity. Our data suggests that gemcitabine cannot be used as a main immunosuppressant alone.

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