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Chemokines of human epithelial cells.
Eisenhamerová, Hana ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
Organism is protected by many ways. Phagocytosis belongs aminy a nonspecific defensive function. Important part of phagocytosis is called chemotaxis. It is influenced by chemokines. We know 52 different chemokines and 20 their receptors. Chemokines are divided into four groups. They differ structurally and functionally. Chemokines play a role in activation of leukocytes in inflammation, in maturitationof cells and homeostasis. Chemokines are found in various diseases.
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Thyroid gland and pregnancy
Christophorou, Neofyta ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of of Biological and Medical Sciences Candidate Neofyta Christophorou Consultant Assoc. Prof. PharmDr. Petr. Nachtigal, Ph.D. Title of Thesis Thyroid gland and pregnancy Thyroid physiology involves a range of biochemical processes in the human body, and is characterized by a respectively wide range of thyroid disorders. Thyroid hormones are produced by the thyroid gland, with through the sequestration of iodine as basic element. This process is regulated both intrathyroidally through enzymatic processes and extrathyroidally through the Hypothalamus-Pituitary-Thyroid-Axis (HPTA). The bioavailability of thyroid hormones and their biological activities in peripheral tissues are regulated by special enzymes called deiodinases. Pregnancy is a state of unique physiological adaptations for both the mother and the fetus that are governed by the maternal-fetal interaction through the placenta. Thyroid hormones are vital in maternal physiology throughout gestation as well as regulators of fetal development. The increased needs in thyroid hormone production during pregnancy pose a stress on thyroid and raise the needs for iodine intake. The inability of the thyroid gland to adapt to this state is marked by increased incidence of...
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Cervical cancer vaccination - medical benefit or commercial press?
Sejkorová, Ilona ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Josková, Věra (referee)
Ilona Sejkorová Cervical cancer vaccination - medical benefit or commercial press? Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Medical laboratory technician The emergence of precancerous lesions and cervical cancers may contribute to a number of factors. The most important of these factor is the infection risk types of human papillomavirus. Vaccination against cervical cancer is still a current topic. It is the first vaccine against cancer. Objectives: Theoretical overview on the issue of cervical cancer vaccine registered in the Czech Republic and the possible risks of the vaccination. The aim of questionnaire study is to find out doctors and patiens opinion about the cervical cancer vaccination. Questionnaires investigate whether they find the vaccination medically beneficial or commercial. Methods: The questionnaire survey in the Czech Republic. The first questionnaire intended for the patient and a second questionnaire intended for physicians in the field of gynecology and practical medicine. Results: In the general public is a relatively wide range of views on this issue. From the perspective of physicians, the vaccine appears to be contrary very promising and beneficial for medicine. Positive vaccine efficacy also point in terms of protection against other diseases,...
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Human papillomavirus
Novotná, Jitka ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Autor: Jitka Novotná Title: Human papillomavirus Bachelor thesis The bachelor thesis deals with the human papillomavirus, health effects caused by HPV, treatments for the health problems and preventing. HPV infection is sexually transmitted disease. Depending on the oncogenic potential the papillomaviruses are distinguished low risk LR (Low Risk) and high risk HR (High Risk). HPV causes changes in the squamous epithelium of the mucous membrane or the skin. The clinical symptoms vary depending on the site of infection. Diagnostics is direct or indirect and de- pendends on the removed tissue sample. Treatments for the health problems that HPV can cause are surgical, oncological and pharmacological. There has been made a pro- gress in preventing over the last 10 years. Three prophylactic vaccines are available in the Czech Republic. The case report demonstrates the clinical symptoms, diagnostics and therapy.
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Up-to-date antiretroviral therapy
Teichmann, Radek ; Jílek, Petr (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
2 Abstract Radek Teichmann Modern antiretroviral therapy Bachelor thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Health bioanalytics - Medical Laboratory Modern antiretroviral therapy is a form of treatment that suppresses the spread of the virus in the cell and in the case of some drugs prevents viral entry into the cell. The aim of this therapy is to restore the number of white blood cells to the original values. Combined antiretroviral therapy can effectively reduce HIV replication and slow down the progression of immunodeficiency. It will ensure a significant increase in life expectancy to HIV-infected patients. The Thesis discusses the treatment of diseases associated with HIV. The main objective is to create a comprehensive overview of the evaluation of drugs called antiretrovirals.
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Changes of endothelial expression of endoglin during atherogenesis
Zajícová, Šárka ; Nachtigal, Petr (advisor) ; Rathouská, Jana (referee)
Šárka Zajícová Changes of endothelial expression of endoglin during atherogenesis Diploma thesis Charles University in Prague, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Specialist in Laboratory Methods Background: We observed the expression of endoglin in arteria brachiocephalica in the apoE−/− /LDLr−/− deficient mice after feeding them with the low carbohydrate, high protein diet. Methods: We used the female apoE−/− /LDLr−/− deficient mice, which we divided into two groups after 6 animals. One of these groups were fed by AIN-93G diet (control group) and the second one by low carbohydrate, high protein diet. Stereological and immunohistochemical analysis was performed in tissue sections of arteria brachiocephalica by means of ImmPRESSTM method with DAB detection. Results: Biochemical analysis showed a significant increase levels of total cholesterol after feeding with low carbohydrate, high protein diet. Immunohistochemical analysis, we demonstrated endoglin expression in endothleial cells, mostly covering atherosclerotic plaques in both groups apoE−/− /LDLr−/− deficient mice. Stereological analysis in mice fed with low carbohydrate, high protein diet showed weak endoglin expression when compared to group on chow diet. Conclusions: Mice fed with low carbohydrate, high protein diet showed increased...
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Markers of inflammation and proliferation in the heart of a transgenic mouse model expressing high levels of soluble endoglin
Boukalová, Petra ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Fikrová, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Markers of inflammation and proliferation in the heart of a transgenic mouse model expressing high levels of soluble endoglin Rigorous thesis Mgr. Petra Boukalová Consultant of rigorous thesis: PharmDr. Jana Rathouská, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this thesis was to investigate the expression of markers of inflammation and proliferation in the cardiac wall of genetically modified mice expressing high levels of soluble endoglin. It was shown that soluble endoglin molecule plays a role in many cardiovascular diseases. The transgenic mouse model with high levels of soluble endoglin allows us to study its contribution to the pathogenesis of these diseases. Methods: For this work a transgenic mouse model on CBAxC57BL/6J backgroud with high levels of human soluble endoglin was used. We observed the expression of selected molecules (ICAM-1, VEGF, COX-2 and SOD-3) in the heart wall of this group of mice compared to the control group of mice with low levels of human soluble endoglin. Both groups of animals were fed a chow diet till the age of nine months. Western blot analysis was used to detect the protein expression. ELISA analysis was used to allocate the mice in two relevant groups. Results:...
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Western blot analysis of selected oxidative stress markers in aorta of apoE/LDLR deficient mice
Čermáková, Martina ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Blažíčková, Kateřina (referee)
Charles University, Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Western blot analysis of selected oxidative stress markers in aorta of apoE/LDLR deficient mice Author of diploma thesis: Bc. Martina Čermáková Supervisor: PharmDr. Jana Rathouská, Ph.D. Background: The aim of this diploma thesis was to evaluate expression of selected oxidative stress molecules (SOD-3, iNOS, catalase, HO-1) in cardiac aorta and nitrate and nitrite levels in plasma in two groups of mice. These two groups of mice varied in genetic features - the monitored group was, compared to control group of mice, deficient for apolipoprotein E and LDL receptor. Methods: For the study, 2 months old male mice were fed a standard rodent diet. The males were divided into two groups - control (C57BL/6J) and monitored (apoE-/- /LDLR- /- ). Western blot method was used to evaluate and quantify iNOS, SOD-3, catalase and HO-1 molecules in the aorta. HPLC method was used to quantify nitrate and nitrite levels in plasma. Result: HPLC method did not show statistically significant differences in the nitrate and nitrite levels in plasma between the two groups of examined mice. Western blot analysis of aortic samples showed statistically significantly higher SOD-3 expression (208.39 %) and a significantly...
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Evaluation of endoglin and VCAM-1 expression and co-expression in aortas of apoE-deficient mice
Minaříková, Lucie ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Fikrová, Petra (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Evaluatiton of the expresion and co-expresion of endoglin and VCAM-1 in the aorta on apoE- deficient mice Diploma thesis Lucie Minaříková Supervisor: Mgr. Jana Rathouská Background: The aim of this work was to monitor the expression and a possible co-expression of endoglin (TGF-β receptor III) and VCAM-1 in mouse aortic endothelium. As an experimental model, we used the mouse strain C57BL/6J, that was genetically modified, and is characteristic by a deficit of apolipoprotein E. Methodes: In the study, we focused on testing the mouse strain C57BL/6J with gene knockout for apolipoprotein E in different stages of the atherosclerotic process. 10 weeks old female mice were divided into three groups and fed diets with different content of cholesterol. One experimental group was fed a standard diet (called "chow type diet") for a period of two months. The other two groups were fed a diet containing 21% fat (called "Western type diet") for a period of two and four months. For the determination of the levels of total cholesterol, a biochemical analysis of blood was performed. Obtained parts of ascending aorta were analyzed by ImmPRESSTM immunohistochemical method with the detection reagent DAB....
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Immunohistochemical detection of PECAM-1, endoglin and VCAM-1 in aorta of transgenic mice with high levels of soluble endoglin
Brlicová, Monika ; Rathouská, Jana (advisor) ; Filipský, Tomáš (referee)
Charles University in Prague Faculty of Pharmacy in Hradec Králové Department of Biological and Medical Sciences Immunohistochemical detection of PECAM-1, endoglin and VCAM-1 in aorta of transgenic mice with high levels of soluble endoglin Rigorous thesis Mgr. Monika Brlicová Consultant of rigorous thesis: PharmDr. Jana Rathouská, Ph.D. Background: We observed an effect of high level of human soluble endoglin (sEng) on an expression of tissue endoglin and adhesion molecules VCAM-1 and PECAM-1 in descendent aortas of experimental animals. Methods: 6 months old female transgenic mice of strain CBAxC5B7BL/6J with high plasma levels of human soluble endoglin (Sol-Eng+ ) and the same types of mice, which show signs of low plasma levels of human soluble endoglin as control mice were used for this rigorous thesis. Both groups were fed by high fat diet for 3 months. After that the levels of total cholesterol in the blood of these animals were biochemically determined and then statistically evaluated. The immunohistochemical method ImmPRESSTM was used for detection of protein expression in aortic sections. Results: Biochemical analysis showed a statistically insignificant difference in total cholesterol levels in both groups. Immunohistochemical analysis ImmPRESSTM showed no differences in the expression of...
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