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The age limit of mammographic screening in women, possibilities of improving the prevention of breast cancer in the Czech Republic
Večeřová, Lívia ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Fabiánová, Kateřina (referee) ; Urminská, Hana (referee)
The age limit of mammographic screening in women, possibilities of improving the prevention of breast cancer in the Czech Republic. Abstract. The present study is focused on routine screening in women at average risk of developing breast cancer. The theoretical part of the thesis summarised an overview of the current state of the issue of breast cancer prevention. The practical research part deals with evaluation and comments on the results obtained from the retrospective cohort study. The aim of the study was to evaluate the risk of breast cancer in women aged 40-45 years who are not currently included in the routine mammography screening programme in the Czech Republic, while assessing the current duration of the screening interval. The study was carried out using registry data of one by the Ministry of Health accredited mammography centre (Bulovka University Hospital). The reference period was from 1 January 2008 to 31 December 2017. During the reference period, 36,548 women participated in the mammography screening programme, i.e. 58.4 %. The number of women who participated in the first screening scan decreased from 8,074 in 2008 to 1,524 in 2017. The average age of women entering screening was 57.8 years, and women in screening were followed in an average of 4.2 years. The average age of women...
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Microbiome of the human body and most commonly used probiotics by patients from pharmaceutical practice
Plíšková, Zuzana ; Rambousková, Jolana (advisor) ; Dlouhý, Pavel (referee)
This work is divided into theoretical and practical. Theoretical part discusses human microbiome, probiotics, prebiotics and synbiotics. Beginning work describes the human microbiome, as a living ecosystem consisting of several hundred species of microorganisms, its development from birth to adulthood, for proper functioning of all organ systems including the skin. Normal microbial flora prevents the body against infection, re-creates health and serve as an example to prevent traveler's diarrhea. In cases which cause reduction in the number of microorganisms (constipation, diarrhea, antibiotic therapy, and others), the body needs help using probiotic products, usually in the form of capsules, for the faster restoration of the normal microbial flora. It is important to choose a formulation which is suitable for the chosen target - that is, select whether purely probiotic or prebiotic agent combined with differently therefore termed synbiotic. Practical part deals with statistical data processing of the sales of probiotic products for a period of one year and determines the trend of sales. The results show seasonal marketability, probiotics, when it occurs more in the summer months. To demonstrate higher sales of probiotic products was used to compare data from 2012 and 2017 from a pharmacy Mlada...
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