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Selected Nutrients in Etiology, Prevention and Treatment of Obesity
Sedláček, Pavel ; Müllerová, Dana (advisor) ; Rajdl, Daniel (referee) ; Fiala, Zdeněk (referee)
SELECTED NUTRIENTS IN ETIOLOGY, PREVENTION AND TREATMENT OF OBESITY The 21st century pandemic of obesity is given by to the obesitogenic environment that helps to develop a positive energy balance, where the energy intake of an individual chronically exceeds his energy need, ie energy expenditure. There is an increase in body weight by increased or abnormal body fat accumulation in the body. Preventing the development of obesity is aimed at achieving energy balance, in the case of existing overweight or obesity, the treatment lies in inducing and maintaining a negative energy balance for some time, ie stimulating energy expenditure and reducing energy intake. Selected diet determines not only energy intake, but its individual nutrients can also partially affect energy expenditure and fat tissue physiology. The aim of this work is to describe and experimentally verify some nutrients that could help in weight reduction and physiological function of adipose tissue. Based on the literature data, 19 active substances or mixtures were considered. A mixture of ω-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids (ω-3 PUFA), eicosapentaenoic acid and docosahexaenoic acid, in a daily dose of 0.6 g, in the form of fish oil in a certified food supplement was chosen as the most suitable for the experiment. In a 12-week, three-arm, parallel...
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Modern Markers of Organ Damage in Clinical Practice
Brož, Pavel ; Rajdl, Daniel (advisor) ; Topolčan, Ondřej (referee) ; Jabor, Antonín (referee)
Physical activity is a useful tool in the prevention of many diseases. Hospitalization after strenuous exercise from cardiac or noncardiac causes, even in young athletes without previous symptoms, can occur. These situations are not uncommon and e.g. after completing a half- marathon clinical symptoms suspicious from cardiac etiology can be present. Limitations of biomarkers used in daily clinical practice can lead to misinterpretation with additional consequences to the patient's outcome. Our goal was to describe changes of markers used in daily clinical practice after extreme physical activity and after exercise under laboratory conditions. We performed two studies in cooperation with Department of cardiology and Department of sports medicine. The goal of our first study was to examine high sensitivity troponin I (hsTnI), galectin-3, cystatin C, NGAL and ultrasensitive CRP (uCRP) after extremely long run during the competition in long distance running. The goal of our second study was to examine high- sensitivity troponin T (hsTnT) and hsTnI, creatinine and cystatin C, and urine albumin and NGAL after a standardized two-hour treadmill run under laboratory conditions and to find possible connection with echocardiographic, laboratory and other assessed parameters. The second goal of study under laboratory...
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