National Repository of Grey Literature 48 records found  previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record: Search took 0.00 seconds. 
Causes of epilepsy due to disorders of cortical development of the brain
Populová, Jana ; Řehořová, Monika (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Malformation of cortical development are an important cause of childhood epilepsy. It is estimated that up to 40% of these cases are medication-resistant. Pathophysiological mechanisms involved in the development of epilepsy are unknown. Identification of new type of genes associated with MCD leads to development of new experimental models recapilute human clinical symptoms. Aim of this study is to summarize information on current progress in this area obtained from MCD experimental models. These informations will help us better understand epileptogenesis. Keywords: malformation of cortical development, epilepsy, focal cortical dysplasia, epileptogenesis
Molecular basis of in vivo and in vitro differentiation of dopaminergic neurons in Parkinson's disease
Zitta, Pavel ; Krylov, Vladimír (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a neurodegenerative disorder caused by the spreading process of loss of dopaminergic (DA) neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNc). DA neurons are a major source of dopamine (DA) in the central nervous system, the release of which plays an important role in controlling many brain functions, including mood and movement control. The induction of DA neurons depends on two signaling centers floor plate (FP) and an isthmic organizer, also known as the midbrain- hindbrain boundary (MHB) of the brain. A signaling cascade is formed by involving a large number of transcription factors that regulate the differentiation of DA neurons through their expression. Subsequent stimulation of fully mature DA neurons allows the release of dopamine in the locomotor networks of the brainstem, which causes movement. New discoveries suggest that there is a detailed consensus among the oldest and current vertebrate representatives in the organization of DA projections. This may indicate that these pathways, which have current representatives of vertebrates, evolved more than 500 million years ago.
Stem cells and modified biomaterials in the for the treatment of spinal cord injury
Růžička, Jiří
Progress in experimental treatments of spinal cord injury (SCI) utilizing growth factors, stem cells and biomaterials has revealed the pathological mechanizms of the secondary processes and demonstrated the potential of combined therapy for future clinical treatment. The mobilization of bone marrow by the combined application of Flt3 ligand and G-CSF diminishes astrogliosis and increases axonal sprouting and thus leads to more pronounce spinal tissue sparing and neurological improvement when compared with single treatments. All types of stem cells used in this study significantly decreased the locomotor deficit after SCI. The most noticeable impact was observed in the NP-iPS treated group, especially due to their long term survival, interaction with host tissue, their impact on glial scarring and modulation of the immune response. MSCs, despite their short lifetime, decrease the immune response after SCI and modulate glial scar formation. The lowest effectivity on locomotor recovery after SCI was demonstrated by fetal spinal progenitors, which were not capable of sufficient integration into the host tissue, even though they showed long-term survival and differentiation. The methods used to prepare methacrylate based hydrogels have a significant impact on the adhesion, growth and survival of MSC...
The effect of structural changes in perineuronal nets and deep cooling on synaptic plasticity and memory of tauopathy mice
Šafránková, Kristýna ; Růžička, Jiří (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Tauopathy is accompanied by both loss of neurons and synapses. The neuronal loss is irreversible with very low chance of functional replacement therapy. However, lost synapses could be restored with proper stimuli. Perineuronal nets (PNNs) are serving as a protecting barrier for neurons, on the other hand they are significantly decreasing the synaptic plasticity. Temporary disintegration of the PNNs by enzymatic therapy might lead to rewiring and accelerate processes of memory and learning. Model of Cold Induced plasticity leads to the withdrawal of significant number of synapses across the brain. The recovery of these could be followed in healthy and diseased animals. Moreover, it can stimulate Cold shock protein dependent neuroprotective mechanisms. This master thesis is focused on these two forms of synaptic plasticity models; forced remodeling of PNNs and model of cold induced synaptic plasticity. Both will serve as a tool to modulate processes of memory and learning in the P301S tauopathy, in mice. In detail, the work will follow changes in the number of synapses at the region of CA1 of hippocampus and synaptic protein levels at level of whole hippocampus and behavioral recovery of pre-trained long-term memory task dependent on dorsal hippocampus. Key words: Perineuronal nets, aggrecan,...
Role of post-translational modifications, O-GlcNAcylation and Phosphorylation, in neurodegenerative disorders and brain hypometabolism
Špundová, Tereza ; Růžička, Jiří (advisor) ; Čočková, Zuzana (referee)
Post-translational modifications are major mechanisms that highly increase the variability in protein function. O-GlcNAcylation and phosphorylation are among the most extensively studied post-translational modifications in research to date. In physiological conditions, O- GlcNAcylation acts as a metabolic sensor that links glucose metabolism to normal neuronal functioning. Reversible phosphorylation is one of the mechanisms that can downregulate metabolism by regulating the rates of flux through metabolic pathways. The impairments in the regulation of these modifications are linked to with neurodegenerative disorders and hypometabolism. This thesis focuses on the crosstalk and correlation between these two modifications, their reciprocal relationship and their mutual impact on their regulations in models of neurodegenerative diseases and disease non-related models. Keywords: hypometabolism, O-GlcNAcylation, phosphorylation, post- translational modifications, neurodegenerative disorders, hibernation, caloric restriction, memory, learning
Impact of light on cognition and mood
Křivohlavá, Tereza ; Bendová, Zdeňka (advisor) ; Růžička, Jiří (referee)
Circadian rhythms are cyclically repeating biorhythms with an approximate period of 24 hours. The main circadian pacemaker located in the suprachiasmatic nuclei in the hypothalamus controls the correct timing of physiological processes and behaviors and works to synchronize the whole body into a single period. The circadian clock works correctly if the period and phase are adjusted daily by environmental stimuli consistent with the solar cycle. The alternation of light and dark is the primary synchronizer of circadian rhythms and one that people mostly do not adhere nowadays. At nighttime they are usually exposed to strong lights while during the daytime they spend many hours in a dark room without receiving enough (sun)light. This disruption of biological and environmental clocks causes the desynchronization of the organism and the periodic misalignment of physiological or mental processes in the body. Long lasting desynchronization could have a serious impact on the human body, including emotions and cognitive functions.
Matching the role of chondroitin sulphate proteoglycan, aggrecan, in dense extracellular matrix of perineuronal nets and glial scar
Gmiterková, Lenka ; Růžička, Jiří (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
Traumatic brain and spinal cord injuries are worldwide medical problems. Disruption of the tissue leads to the changes in the cellular and extracellular matrix composition. This newly formed scar is not permissive for the axonal regrowth. Its function in prohibiting neuronal plasticity is similar to the perineuronal nets present in undamaged brain. One of the key components of both perineuronal nets and scar is proteoglycan aggrecan. In this thesis I focused on the function of aggrecan in central nervous system, mechanism of its growth inhibitory feature and research in the field of traumatic brain or spine cord injury treatment. It is important topic, since currently there are not any approved human therapies to recover axonal growth at the site of formed scar.
Annotated translation: L'ABCDaire du cigare (DESCHODT, Eric. L'ABCDaire du cigare. Paris: Flammarion, 1996)
Růžička, Jiří ; Šotolová, Jovanka (advisor) ; Belisová, Šárka (referee)
The aim of this bachelor's thesis is to create a translation of a chosen section of the book "L'ABCdaire du Cigare" by Éric Deschodt from French into Czech and provide it with an analytic annotation in the second, theoretical chapter. This annotation includes a characterisation of the translation, followed by a translation analysis of the original text as well as a description of the translation method and an analysis of translation problems and shifts using specific examples from both aforementioned texts. Keywords: Translation, translation analysis, annotated translation, tobacco smoking, cigar
New insights on tau protein aggregation and the spreading of tau pathology in Alzheimer's disease
Pribiš, Matej ; Růžička, Jiří (advisor) ; Telenský, Petr (referee)
More than 100 years have passed since the original description of a "peculiar" disease of cerebral cortex by Dr. Alzheimer. Lots of discoveries on this disease and its cellular and molecular correlates has been done since then, the disease, however, up to this day resists most of the causal attempts of treatment. The major component of silver stained tangled bundles of fibrils that Alzheimer observed under his microscope has been identified as a microtubule associated protein tau and it has been shown to be a crucial part of many other neurodegenerative disorders, which were collectively named tauopathies. However, even after such a long time, the exact role of tau in neuronal physiology and pathology remains rather obscure. According to the latest research, it even seems that some of the widely accepted truths might require more closer observation and validation. The aim of this thesis is to sum up and clarify the important aspects of the mechanism of tau aggregation, the basic factors that influence it and its transcellular movement as a mechanism of pathology spreading. Keywords: aggregation, pathology spreading, tauopathy, Tau protein iii
The Relation of Instrumental Form of the World and Labour
Kreisinger, Jonáš ; Růžička, Jiří (advisor) ; Němec, Václav (referee)
This paper deals with how the instrumental form of the world is conditioned by the specific form of labor in capitalism. The discussion of a historian and a philosopher Moishe Postone and a Frankfurt School representative Max Horkheimer was used for this analysis. Postone criticizes Horkheimer because of his use of a transhistorical concept of labor, which is unable to explain why the world in capitalism (modernity) is being rapidly instrumentalized. However, Horkheimer's analysis is able to explain the reason why the instrumental form of the world is changing in course of capitalism, which is a perspective Postone's theory lacks. The paper shows that labor in capitalism is a source of instrumental form of the world. However instrumentalisation itself is more of the form of the world appearance. The appearance of the world is in a marxist philosophy conceptualized as an ideology, or in the case of Marx himself by the concept of commodity fetishism. The integration function of an ideology is in the conflict with disintegration function of instrumentalisation on this level of reality.

National Repository of Grey Literature : 48 records found   previous11 - 20nextend  jump to record:
See also: similar author names
23 Ružička, Jakub
23 RŮŽIČKA, Jakub
29 RŮŽIČKA, Jan
20 RŮŽIČKA, Jiří
23 Růžička, Jakub
29 Růžička, Jan
3 Růžička, Jaroslav
1 Růžička, Jiří,
11 Růžička, Josef
1 Růžička, Juraj
3 Růžička, Jáchym
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