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Social service planning in the perspective of social construction of target populations
Růžička, Jáchym ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
The aim of this paper is to explain the policy process of regional social service development strategies in the area of services for drug users. The process is explained on examination of two cases of very diverse regional strategies representing good and bad practice. Social construction of target populations is used as a theoretical framework and the research aims to verify and develop its theoretical assumptions. Subjective perceptions of key actors are deconstructed through public document analysis and in- depth interviews. Service providers are perceived as a trustworthy and competent policy actor and as such they play an important role in the development of medium-term strategy. The prevailing positive construction of drug users by providers and the strong position of service providers contribute to broad distribution of services for drug users in both examined regions. The main difference between the cases is explained by different perception of drug users by the public, different continuity of planning processes, and variance in the dynamic relationship between public opinion and key public policy makers.
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Social service planning in the perspective of social construction of target populations
Růžička, Jáchym ; Nekola, Martin (advisor) ; Novotný, Vilém (referee)
The aim of this paper is to explain the policy process of regional social service development strategies in the area of services for drug users. The process is explained on examination of two cases of very diverse regional strategies representing good and bad practice. Social construction of target populations is used as a theoretical framework and the research aims to verify and develop its theoretical assumptions. Subjective perceptions of key actors are deconstructed through public document analysis and in- depth interviews. Service providers are perceived as a trustworthy and competent policy actor and as such they play an important role in the development of medium-term strategy. The prevailing positive construction of drug users by providers and the strong position of service providers contribute to broad distribution of services for drug users in both examined regions. The main difference between the cases is explained by different perception of drug users by the public, different continuity of planning processes, and variance in the dynamic relationship between public opinion and key public policy makers.
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Nicholas of Cusa and Discovery of Weighing
Růžička, Jáchym ; Paulíček, Miroslav (advisor) ; Horák, Vít (referee)
The main goal of this paper is to enlight the failure of method of weighing discovered by Nicholas of Cusa using the perspective of the sociology of science. Based on Merton's theory of foci of interest as demonstrated on the case of Cusa's cosmology, is laid a claim, that there was a claim for the success of Kusansky's method of weighing. After the addition of Bourdieu's characteristics of scientific field and its theoretical limits we introduce two main possible science strategies: Succession and subversion. Subversion strategy is then applied on Cusa's method and therefore the paper concludes his low chances on success. Finally, with the help of Kuhn it is shown that strategy of subversion can only be successful if we redefine the basic principles of normal science and we compare this example to the case of the discovery of the weighing method, so we can point out what was Nicholas of Cusa missing on making his discovery more impactful and how could he raise his chances.
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