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Determination of athenticity of plant foods by molecular techniques
Plášková, Anna ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The aim of presented diploma thesis was to determination of authenticity of fruit baby foods for early infant feeding using molecular methods. In the experimental part, isolation kit was used for isolation of plant DNA from fruits (strawberry, apricot, raspberry, apple) and from six commercial fruit products for children. Isolated DNA was characterized and verified using PCR methods with primers specific for plant rDNA (ITS2). Specific primer pairs were designed to amplify DNA for the detection of one fruit species. Primer specificity was assessed with four fruit species. A mixture of fruit puree from the two fruits was used to determine the sensitivity of the multiplex PCR assay. Six commercial fruit products were evaluated to verify the applicability of the multiplex PCR assay. The methodology of molecular detection of fruit DNA by qPCR and multiplex qPCR (duplex) includes approaches, which enable to detect two fruits (strawberry-raspberry, apricot-apple) in one reaction and thus reduces time and money requirements.
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Use of algae extracts in cosmetics
Plášková, Anna ; Rapta, Marek (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This thesis is focused on a preparation of extracts from selected species of algal and cyanobacterial strains, their characterization, a cytotoxicity testing and a use in cosmetic products. The theoretical part contains the review of a taxonomic classification and parameters of algae and cyanobacteria and basic information about used organisms. There is a description of the most significant factors influencing the algae cultivation and production of biomass. Further, active substances of algae and cyanobacteria, which could be used in cosmetic products as UV protective substances, were described. An overview of extraction techniques, encapsulation of active substance into liposomes and particles characterization, antioxidant activity analysis, and cytotoxicity tests is given too. In experimental part, antioxidant activity of algal extracts and chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were determined spectrophotometrically. The long-term stability of extracts was monitored for three weeks. Liposomes were prepared by sonification and encapsulation activity was analysed. The Dynamic Light Scattering method (DLS) was used for analysis of polydispersity and size of liposomes. Colloid stability of particles was determined by zeta potential. Cytotoxicity tests were performed using MTT assay. The prepared extracts, particles and lyophilized biomass of algal and cyanobacterial strain were further used as active substances in the formulation of cosmetic products (type o/w). These creams were tested on human skin.
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Determination of athenticity of plant foods by molecular techniques
Plášková, Anna ; Mikulíková, Renata (referee) ; Němcová, Andrea (advisor)
The aim of presented diploma thesis was to determination of authenticity of fruit baby foods for early infant feeding using molecular methods. In the experimental part, isolation kit was used for isolation of plant DNA from fruits (strawberry, apricot, raspberry, apple) and from six commercial fruit products for children. Isolated DNA was characterized and verified using PCR methods with primers specific for plant rDNA (ITS2). Specific primer pairs were designed to amplify DNA for the detection of one fruit species. Primer specificity was assessed with four fruit species. A mixture of fruit puree from the two fruits was used to determine the sensitivity of the multiplex PCR assay. Six commercial fruit products were evaluated to verify the applicability of the multiplex PCR assay. The methodology of molecular detection of fruit DNA by qPCR and multiplex qPCR (duplex) includes approaches, which enable to detect two fruits (strawberry-raspberry, apricot-apple) in one reaction and thus reduces time and money requirements.
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Use of algae extracts in cosmetics
Plášková, Anna ; Rapta, Marek (referee) ; Márová, Ivana (advisor)
This thesis is focused on a preparation of extracts from selected species of algal and cyanobacterial strains, their characterization, a cytotoxicity testing and a use in cosmetic products. The theoretical part contains the review of a taxonomic classification and parameters of algae and cyanobacteria and basic information about used organisms. There is a description of the most significant factors influencing the algae cultivation and production of biomass. Further, active substances of algae and cyanobacteria, which could be used in cosmetic products as UV protective substances, were described. An overview of extraction techniques, encapsulation of active substance into liposomes and particles characterization, antioxidant activity analysis, and cytotoxicity tests is given too. In experimental part, antioxidant activity of algal extracts and chlorophyll a and carotenoid content were determined spectrophotometrically. The long-term stability of extracts was monitored for three weeks. Liposomes were prepared by sonification and encapsulation activity was analysed. The Dynamic Light Scattering method (DLS) was used for analysis of polydispersity and size of liposomes. Colloid stability of particles was determined by zeta potential. Cytotoxicity tests were performed using MTT assay. The prepared extracts, particles and lyophilized biomass of algal and cyanobacterial strain were further used as active substances in the formulation of cosmetic products (type o/w). These creams were tested on human skin.
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