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Effects of respiratory muscles training in smokers and nonsmokers
Godara, Vikrant ; Heller, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Effect of respiratory muscle training on Smokers and Non-smokers The aim of this study is to find out the effect of respiratory muscles training on smokers and non-smokers, and how it affects the pulmonary function. For the measurement different tools were used, such as Spirometry, Spirovis, and Ergometer. All the candidates were between the age of 25-35 years, with no health problems. The 16 candidates were divided into two groups, 8 candidates in the smokers group (the people who smokes), and the other 8 people in the non-smokers group (the people who don't smoke). Both the groups went through the initial examination, then suggested exercises for 14 days regularly and then finally the final examination. For the measurement FEV1, FVC, MEF, PEF, PWC170, VO2 max, Inspiratory and Expiratory pressures were used. For the evaluation Paired T-test, Effect size and common variance were used. As a result, the intervention exercises had a positive effect on both the groups but a little more on the smokers as compared with the other group. But there was not a significant result in some of the tests. Therefore, a bigger research on this topic should be done. Key words - FEV1, FVC, MEF, PEF, PWC170, VO2 max, Inspiratory and Expiratory pressures Spirometry, Spirovis, Ergometer, Breathing exercises, Paired...
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Comparing Effect of Static, Dynamic, and Combined Stretching Exercises for Semi-Professional College Football Players on Sprint Performance
Trombi, Osama Ali M ; Heller, Jan (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Goal The aim of our experimental study to combine one resistance-training exercise (Bulgarian Split Squat Exercise) with three types of stretching exercises (static, dynamic, and combination stretching exercises) to find which protocol has positive effective in improving the short-sprint time performance in 20 meters for semi-professional college football players in five sessions in acute term- phase (10days). Methodology The number of participants was 20 male healthy semi-professional college football players. They were all between the age of 18 - 30 (means 25.5). All participants played football in different positions in each group included defenders, attackers, midfields, wings position, and they were choosing randomly to each group from these positions. They were asked by the main researcher personally to participate in the experimental study. The place of the intervention program was at the Faculty of Physical Education and Sport. The program lasted for ten days in five sessions, each group had a specific protocol, and all groups had the recovery procedures and they received information on the safety, rules, and risk factors. The participants divided into four groups equally in each group five participants, the first group was control group (CG), second group performed static stretching (SS),...
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Changes of intracerebral activity during stimulation of the chest trigger zone according to the Vojta principle
Martínek, Milan ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Angerová, Yvona (referee) ; Řasová, Kamila (referee)
Title: Changes of intracerebral activity during stimulation of the chest trigger zone according to the Vojta principle Objective: The aim of this study is to examine whether stimulation of the chest trigger zone according to the Vojta principle results in changes of the brain electrical activity in the primary and secondary motor cortical areas evaluated in the sLORETA program. Methods: Seventeen healthy women aged 20-30 (25 ± 6.4) were involved in the experiment. Registration of the scalp EEG was performed with a special EEG cap. EEG was measured in all individuals with eyes closed in order to reduce ocular artifacts and to reduce visual afferentation. EEG activity was registered for 5 min at rest (PRE CE) prior to the actual reflex locomotion stimulation. Subsequently, the electrical activity was followed for 15 min during chest trigger zone stimulation (VOJTA CE). The experiment was terminated with the registration of the resting EEG recording until 5 min after the reflex locomotion stimulation of the trigger zone (POST CE). The obtained data were then statistically compared in the sLORETA program using a pairwise t-test with logarithmic transformation of the aliasing parameter 0,5 with permutation method using 5000 randomizations at the significance level p ≤ 0,05 with correlation for repeated...
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The influence of rounded shoulder posture on the intensity of low back pain
Vaverková, Eva ; Rašev, Eugen (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: The influence of rounded shoulder posture on the intensity of low back pain. Objective: The objective of this paper is to determine whether there is a connection between low back pain and a forward shoulder posture. Methods: 23 probands divided into two groups according to pre-established criteria participated in this study. The control group consisted of 10 probands without a forward shoulder posture and without low back pain. The second experimental group consisted of 13 probands with a forward shoulder posture and with low back pain lasting at least three months. The experimental group took part in a four-week therapeutic programme aimed at correcting the forward position of the shoulder joints. This programme consisted of therapy used by Dr. Rašev - the application of a hot towel roll and elastic resistance exercises with Thera-Band. The forward shoulder posture was assessed visually and with a digital caliper. The numerical pain rating scale (NRS) was used to determine whether the low back pain changed when the forward shoulder posture was corrected. Muscle activity in the lumbar spine was monitored by surface electromyography. Results: At the end of the four-week treatment programme, all probands reported reduced low back pain on the numerical scale, although the forward position of...
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Physiotherapy methods used in the treatment of cervicobrachial syndrome: literature review
Smutná, Dominika ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Malá, Jitka (referee)
Title: Physiotherapy methods used in the treatment of cervicobrachial syndrome: literature review Objectives: The aim of this thesis is to evaluate which physiotherapeutic methods are used in the treatment of cervicobrachial syndrome and to evaluate which ones appears to be the most effective. Also the thesis is summarizing the current knowledge of the cervicobrachial syndrome. Methods: The thesis is processed in the form of literature review and has an analytical-descriptive character. A total of 918 studies were searched using keywords in the online databases PubMed, Scopus, MEDLINE and Web of Science. Based on the established criteria and procedures, which are described in the methodology chapter, a total of 15 studies were selected and analyzed. Results: A total of 15 studies met the criteria of this diploma thesis. From the selected studies, it appears, that manual therapy is currently used the most. Specifically, the neural mobilization techniques, cervical traction, mobilization and manipulation techniques according to Maitland or mobilization techniques according to Mulligan. Due to the small number of the studies, however, it is not possible to clearly answer which method is the most effective, but the most studies were focused on manual therapy. Keywords: cervicobrachial syndrome,...
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The impact of Covid-19 pandemic in the field of sport
Kvardová, Petra ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Nováková, Tereza (referee)
Author: Bc. Petra Kvardová Title: The impact of COVID-19 pandemic in the field of sport Objectives: The diploma thesis examines the long-term impact of COVID-19 in professional and semi-professional athletes. The main objective of this thesis is to evaluate the most common problems and difficulties that accompanied professional and semi-professional athletes of selected team sports in the Czech Republic after experiencing COVID-19 and after returning to full load in their sport. Methods: The thesis has the character of quantitative research, in which a questionnaire survey based on theoretical background was used. The questionnaire uses two evaluation scales, DASS-21 and SMS-28. The data from the questionnaires were processed in MS Excel, which was used for descriptive statistics and displaying the results into graphs. The SPSS statistical program was used to verify the hypotheses, in addition to the creation of contingency tables, tests such as the χ2 independence test, the Fischer exact test, the Mann-Whitney test and the Spearman coefficient were used. Results: In total, 218 respondents participated in the survey, of which 77 were players at the top level, 131 players at the performance level, 9 recreational athletes, 1 coach. The last two categories mentioned were excluded from the rating. In...
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Brain Source Activity Changes During the Visual Training of the Imagination Viewed by sLORETA Imaging
Englerová, Barbora ; Pánek, David (advisor) ; Pavlů, Dagmar (referee)
Title: Brain Source Activity Changes During the Visual Training of the Imagination Viewed by sLORETA Imaging. Objectives: The research study aims to determine which changes in brain source activity occur before and after an intervention in the form of a three-week visual training of motor imagery. The electrical activity of the brain was recorded using scalp EEG and transferred to the sLORETA program, in which the source brain activity was evaluated. Methods: The research was concluded on 13 healthy subjects aged between 20-30 years. The Czech standardized version of The Vividness of Movement Imagery Questionnaire - 2 (VMIQ - 2) was used for the survey. The electrical activity of the brain was recorded using a scalp EEG Nicolet TM EEG Wireless Amplifier 32/64 by Natus Neurology. The research consisted of initial and control measurements, the measurement included several phases. First, an initial measurement took place, which always included measurements of resting EEG (5minutes eyes open and 5 minutes eyes closed), action observation in VR (3 minutes) and subsequent measurement of the motor imagery with eyes open (3 minutes). Between the individual measurements, there was a three-week visual training of motor imagery, which included action observation in VR and the individual motor imagery three...
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Physiotherapeutic approaches in the treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome - a systematic review
Řehořová, Veronika ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Žáková, Lenka (referee)
Title: Physiotherapeutic Approaches in the Treatment of Patellofemoral Pain Syndrome - a Systematic Review Objectives: The objective of this diploma thesis is to evaluate physiotherapeutic procedures currently used in the conservative treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome and to determine the most effective procedure in reducing pain. Other objectives include a summarisation of the issue of patellofemoral pain syndrome from the perspective of etiology and epidemiology, clinical picture, diagnosis and the possibilities of various therapeutic procedures. Methods: The diploma thesis uses systematic literature review and is analytical-descriptive in nature. The methodology chapter sets out tasks, the thesis process and individual research criteria according to which the thesis was written. Results: Following the research, 10 studies were included in the evaluation based on the established criteria. The results show that the following physiotherapeutic interventions are currently used in the conservative treatment of patellofemoral pain syndrome: an exercise programme aimed at strengthening the muscles of the hip and knee joint alone or in combination with kinesio taping, mobilisation with movement, full-body vibration training, resistance and proprioceptive exercises, functional training aimed at...
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Selected physiotherapeutic aspects in patients with whiplash disability - systematic review
Doušková, Aneta ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
The work is processed in the form of a systematic research. It is about issues related to whiplash syndrome, such as etiology, diagnosis and therapy. The aim of the systematic literature research was to find out what physiotherapeutic procedures have been used for the last five years in the treatment of whiplash syndrome and which procedure appears to be the most effective in reducing pain and improving range of motion. The studies were searched in the following databases: EBSCOhost, PubMed, ScienceDirect, Scopus and Springer. The corresponding studies were searched using keywords which were then sorted using the established criteria. In the final count, 10 studies were identified. Five studies out of ten examined the effect of the procedure of therapy on behavioral intervention in combination with the specific exercise and individual needs of the individual. This therapy focuses as much as possible on the needs and goals of the individual. In the last five years, the effect of distance therapy has been studied in the treatment of whiplash syndrome again with an emphasis on the needs of a particular person. More variables need to be taken to assess the effectiveness of approaches and further studies on therapy of whiplash syndrome would be needed to accurately determine the effect. Keywords...
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Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic
Popelka, Štěpán ; Pavlů, Dagmar (advisor) ; Stupková, Michaela (referee)
Title: Prevalence of forearm musculoskeletal overload among recreational and competitive tennis players in the Czech Republic Objectives: The aim of this diploma thesis is to find out how often the overload of the musculoskeletal system occurs among Czech competitive and recreational tennis players Methods: The chapter "Theoretical background" sums up the information about tennis and overloading the musculoskeletal system of the forearm. The form was a search of domestic and foreign literature. The practical part was conducted in the form of quantitative research - more specifically in the form of descriptive analysis. The data were obtained through a non- standardized questionnaire, which was distributed to tennis players in the Czech Republic. The completion of the questionnaire was completely anonymous. Subsequently, the obtained data were processed using descriptive statistics in Microsoft Excel program. The SPSS program was used to verify hypotheses, research questions, and general relationships between the various variables. A value of p ≤ 0.05 was chosen for the level of significance. The strength of the relationship between the examined variables was evaluated using Cramer's V. Results: A total of 321 probands participated in the questionnaire survey (n = 321). The results showed that the...
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