National Repository of Grey Literature 3 records found  Search took 0.01 seconds. 
Novel Approaches To Protect The Heart Against Postischemic Failure
Hrdlička, Jaroslav ; Papoušek, František (advisor) ; Zicha, Josef (referee) ; Vízek, Martin (referee)
Ischemic heart disease and resulting heart failure (HF) belong to the leading causes of death in developed countries. In order to prevent HF and improve clinical outcome in patients with myocardial infarction, novel therapies are required to protect the heart against the detrimental effect of ischemic injury. Due to the failure to translate numerous available experimental cardioprotective strategies into clinical practice, the need for novel protective treatments persists. We have, therefore, tried to apply a novel approach to cardiac protection against the postischemic HF induced in rats by ligation of the coronary artery. For this purpose, we have studied (i) the preventive and therapeutic effects of adaptation to continuous normobaric hypoxia (CNH; 12% O2) and exercise training (ExT; treadmill running), and (ii) the possible cardioprotective potential of epoxyeicosatrienoic acid (EET)-based therapy in order to attenuate the postischemic HF in rats. Adaptation to CNH and ExT is known for their cardioprotection in acute ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury manifested as reduction of infarct size. EETs exert antihypertensive effects and thus seem to be perspective for the research in clinically relevant models of cardioprotection in hypertensive animals. Our results have revealed that: - CNH prior to...
Echocardiographic assessment of left ventricular systolic function in rats adapted to hypoxia and exercise training
Hrdlička, Jaroslav ; Papoušek, František (advisor) ; Vybíral, Stanislav (referee)
- 4 - Abstract Adaptation to hypoxia or exercise training has cardioprotective effects against acute ischemic injury, but can potentially negatively influence heart function. Possible negative changes depend on the degree of hypoxia and exercise training intensity. It is therefore necessary to evaluate the effects of the specific adaptation protocols used. The ideal technique is echocardiography, which enables non-invasive, repeated and long-term measurements of the same individual allowing to study the development of changes in the course of adaptation. The aim of this study was to determine the effects of selected protocols of adaptation to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia (corresponding to the altitude of 4,000 to 8,000 meters above sea level, for 15 weeks in total) and exercise training (running speed 30 m.min-1 for 60 min a day, 4 weeks in total) on the left ventricle geometry and systolic function in rats. We assessed basic echocardiographic parameters of the ventricle geometry and function such as fractional shortening, ejection fraction, stroke volume, cardiac output etc. The adaptation of rats to intermittent hypobaric hypoxia lead neither to the impairment of systolic function nor to the development of left ventricle hypertrophy compared to controls; signs of moderate hypertrophy were observed only...
Echocardiographic assessment of heart function in laboratory rats and mice
Hrdlička, Jaroslav ; Papoušek, František (advisor) ; Moravec, Jan (referee)
- 5 - Abstract Experimental cardiology deals with the study of mechanisms related to development of cardiovascular disease, risk factors and possibilities of improving heart resistance to oxygen deficiency and increased workload. Observed mechanisms and context are proved in experiments using laboratory rats and mice where its effect on the heart function is detected. Many invasive and non-invasive methods are used for that. One of the basic non-invasive methods are echocardiography of nuclear magnetic resonance, which is both technically and methodically more challenging. Echocardiography allows to evaluate the heart function and geometry in laboratory rats and mice repeatedly and in physiological conditions and minimal influence to the animal. Using echocardiography allows observing changes and effect of studied mechanisms continuously. From the range of parameters used for echocardiographic measurement some have their origin in clinical praxis and empiric nature and other are introduced to cover specific needs in the experiment. Suitability of various echocardiographic parameters for evaluating heart function in laboratory rats and mice is given by accuracy reached for this small hears, need for approximation the heart and ventricles using simple shapes and for clear context of parameter values and its...

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